PersonOccupationEnvironment PEO Model

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Person-Occupation-Environment (PEO) Model

• Emily K. Schulz, PhD, OTR/L
• OT 606

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Transactional Approach

• occupational performance may be better
  described as the product of a dynamic, interwoven
  relationship that exists among people, their
  occupations and roles, work and play (p.10).
• people now consider the environment from a more
  complex transactive view rather than from an
  interactive perspective (p.10).

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Transactional Approach

• a transactional approach assumes an
  interdependence of person and environment.
• In this approach, it is acknowledged that
  behaviour is influenced and cannot be separated
  from contextual influences, temporal factors, and
  physical and psychological characteristics
  (p.10).

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Transactional Approach

• The unit of measurement studied using a
  transactional approach is an event and the
  meaning of that event to participants (p.10)

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Environment

• The term environment is defined as those
  contexts and situations which occur outside
  individuals and elicits responses from them It
  includes the personal, social and physical
  environment (p.10).

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Environmental Factors

• Physical - the built and natural environments
• Psychosocial - attitudes, family, and government
• Environmental Factors Cultural, economic, legal,
  political, physical, social influencing the
  person, home, neighborhood, community, province
  (state), and country.

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The person

• a unique being who assumes a variety of roles
  simultaneously.
• Roles are dynamic,
• varying across time and context in their
  importance, duration, and significance.
• The person is seen holistically
• a composite of mind, body and spiritual
  qualities.
• Each person calls upon
• a set of skills, attributes and life experiences
  to engage in occupational performance. (p.16).

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The Environment

• This..definition gives equal importance to the
  cultural, socio-economic, institutional,
  physical, and social considerations and
  considers each of these domains from the unique
  perspective of the person, household,
  neighbourhood, or community (p.16).

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Activity, Task, and Occupation(s)

• Activity -
• considered to be the basic unit of a task a
  singular pursuit in which a person engages as
  part of his/her occupational experience. (EX
  writing).
• Task -
• a set of purposeful activities in which a person
  engages (EX the obligation to write a report).
• Occupation -
• Groups of self-directed, functional tasks and
  activities in which a person engages over time.
  those clusters of activities and tasks in which
  the person engages in order to meet his/her
  intrinsic needs for self-maintenance, expression
  and fulfillment. (EX a managerial position
  requiring that a person write reports frequently).

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Temporal Aspects

• Time patterns and rhythms that encompass the
  occupational routines of individuals over a day,
  week, or longer and represent the lifespan of
  the person. (p.16)

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Occupational Performance

• The outcome of the transaction of the person,
  environment, and occupation the dynamic
  experience of a person engaged in purposeful
  activities and tasks within an environment.
  (p.16).

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Person-Environment-Occupation Model of
Occupational Performance
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Person-Environment-Occupation Model of
Occupational Performance Across the Lifespan
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Changes to Occupational Performance from Changes
in P-E-O- Fit
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Effect of Intervention to Change Environment on
Occupational Performance
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The Person-Environment-Occupation Model of
Occupational Performance in Occupational Therapy
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Activity

• Alone, with a partner, or a group, refer to the
  Law et al (1996) article and respond to the
  questions on the handout.
• Be prepared to share your answers with the rest
  of the group.

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Questions and Answers

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