Allergy and Hypersensitivity

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Allergy and Hypersensitivity
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• K. J. Goodrum
• 2006

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Types of Immune Hypersensitivity Reactions
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Types of Immune Hypersensitivity Reactions
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Properties of Inhaled Allergens
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Penetration of epithelial Barriers by Allergens
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Early IL-4 response promotes Th2 development that
drives B cell class switching to IgE
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Signaling through Stat6 is necessary for Th2
responses. Th2 cells support IgE responses.
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Antigen binding to IgE on mast cells leads to
amplification of IgE production
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Mast cell activation affects many tissues
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Molecules released upon activation of mast cells
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Molecules released upon activation of mast cells
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Toxic granule proteins and inflammatory
substances released upon activation of eosinophils
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Toxic granule proteins and inflammatory
substances released upon activation of eosinophils
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Acute vs. late phase inflammatory responses
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TH2 mediated chronic inflammation in Asthma
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Treatment approaches for IgE-mediated Allergy
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Type II Cytotoxic reaction
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Immune Complex mediated local inflammation such
as in Arthus Reaction
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Serum Sickness an Immune complex disease
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Type IV Hypersensitivity Reactions
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Stages of a Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction
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Th1 derived cytokines and chemokines direct Type
IV reactions
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Allergic Contact Dermatitis A type IV reaction
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Blistering skin lesions on hand of patient with
poison ivy contact dermatitis (a type IV reaction)
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Granulomatous inflammation is a consequence of
chronic Type IV reactions