The Hydrogen Economy

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The Hydrogen Economy
Where is it?
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• . to enable a commitment by auto-makers no
  later than year 2015 to offer safe, affordable,
  and technically viable hydrogen fuel cell
  vehicles in the mass consumer market and to
  enable production, delivery, and acceptance by
  consumers of model year 2020 hydrogen fuel cell
  and other hydrogen-powered vehicles that will
  have
• a range of at least 300 miles
• (ii) improved performance and ease of driving
• (iii) safety and performance comparable to
  vehicle technologies in the market and when
  compared to light duty vehicles in model year
  2003
• (I) fuel economy that is substantially higher
• (II) substantially lower emissions of air
  pollutants and
• (III) equivalent or improved vehicle fuel system
  crash integrity and occupant protection.

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COST SHARING. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.Except
as otherwise provided in this title, for research
and development programs carried out under this
title the Secretary shall require a commitment
from non-Federal sources of at least 20 percent
of the cost of the project. The Secretary may
reduce or eliminate the non-Federal requirement
under this paragraph if the Secretary determines
that the research and development is of a basic
or fundamental nature or involves technical
analyses or educational activities.
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Except as otherwise provided in this title, the
Secretary shall require at least 50 percent of
the costs directly and specifically related to
any demonstration or commercial application
project under this title to be provided from
non-Federal sources. The Secretary may consider
the size of the non-Federal share in selecting
projects. Do I smell subsidies for big
companies?
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CHINA
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Iceland's Industry minister Valgerdur
Sverrisdottir and Icelandic New Energy's general
manager Jon Bjoern Skulason fuel the first
vehicle, a DaimlerChrysler fuel cell van, at the
new hydrogen station outside of Reykjavik.
http//www.hfcletter.com/letter/May03/
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Shell Hydrogen participated in opening the first
hydrogen station in Amsterdam, home of Shell
Hydrogens principal global office. The station
is the latest to be opened under a European Union
initiative to demonstrate that hydrogen and fuel
cell buses could be used to provide clean
transport for the continents cities.
22/12/2003
http//www.shell.com/home/Framework?siteIdhydroge
n-en
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Hydrogen fuelling station for buses in Hamburg
Other cities taking part in the CUTE/ECTOS
project include Amsterdam (Netherlands),
Barcelona (Spain), Hamburg (Germany), London
(United Kingdom), Luxembourg, Madrid (Spain),
Porto (Portugal), Reykjavik (Iceland), Stockholm
(Sweden) and Stuttgart (Germany).
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Technologies with the best potential for
producing hydrogen to meet future energy demand
fall into four general categories Thermochemical
A steam reforming process is currently used
to produce hydrogen from such fuels as natural
gas, coal, methanol, or even gasoline. To draw on
renewable energy sources, the gasification or
pyrolysis of biomassorganic materialcan be used
to generate a fuel gas that can be reformed into
hydrogen. Electrochemical The electrolysis
of water produces hydrogen by passing an
electrical current through it. Photoelectrochemica
l The photoelectrochemical (PEC) process
produces hydrogen in one step, splitting water by
illuminating a water-immersed semiconductor with
sunlight. Photobiological Photobiological
systems generally use the natural photosynthetic
activity of bacteria and green algae to produce
hydrogen.
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Solar energy used to create hydrogen in Germany
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The Tandem Cell developed by Hydrogen Solar, UK
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A car that runs on just hydrogen and solar power
has completed a journey through Australia - the
first crossing of a continent for a car of this
type.
The organisers say the gruelling 4,000 km (2533
miles) trip shows greener alternatives to the
traditional internal combustion engine can be
developed. The exhaust emissions of the
Japanese - built car consist of pure water.
Sydney's Lord Mayor sampled a glass of it when
the experimental vehicle arrived there from Perth.
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Thursday June 15, 2000 Manhattan Scientifics
Successfully Tests Fuel Cell Powered Bicycle.
Driving Range 70-100 Km at 30 Km/h. Discussions
Underway with Manufacturers.
www.electric-bikes.com/ fuelcell.htm
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The Segway HT (Human Transporter)
http//www.dodfuelcell.com/article_010604.html
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SunLine Transit Agency, Thousand Palms, CA, is
committed to advancing the commercialization of
clean fuel and clean energy technologies. A
valuable national resource, SunLine is beginning
its fourth year of producing hydrogen on site and
using it in prototype vehicles, and in its ninth
year of operating transit, paratransit and street
sweeping fleets powered 100 by alternate fuels.
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Hydrogen generated on site from renewable solar
power and reformed from natural gas is used to
fuel ultra-low and zero-emission vehicles and
stationary fuel cells
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http//www.earthfuture.com/stormyweather/gallery
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www.theautochannel.com
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TORRANCE, Calif., October. 02, 2003 --- Honda RD
Co., Ltd., Honda's subsidiary responsible for
research and development activities has
established an experimental Home Energy Station
(HES) that generates hydrogen from natural gas
for use in fuel cell vehicles while supplying
electricity and hot water to the home.
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Solar powered water electrolyzing hydrogen
station