biochem

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BIOSYNTHESIS OF AMINOACIDS
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Amino acid name

•  Alanine
•  Arginine 
• Asparagine 
• Aspartic acid 
• Cysteine 

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•  Glutamine
•  Glutamic acid 
• Glycine 
• Histidine 
• Isoleucine

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•  Leucine
•  Lysine 
• Methionine 
• Phenylalanine 
• Proline

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•  Serine
•  Threonine 
• Tryptophan 
• Tyrosine 
• Valine

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Overview
Overview
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Overview (cont)
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Metabolic Precursors Amino Acids a-ketoglutarate
Glutamate Glutamine Proline
Arginine 3-Phophoglycerate Serine Glyc
ine Cysteine
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• Metabolic Precursors Amino Acids
• Oxaloacetate Aspartate, Asparagine
• Methionine, Threonine,
• Lysine
• Pyruvate Alanine, Valine, Leucine
• Isoleucine

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• Metabolic Precursors Amino Acids
• Phosphoenolpyruvate Tryptophan
• and erythrose 4-phosphate Phenlyalanine
• Tyrosine
• Ribose 5-phophate Histidine

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a-Ketoglutarate Family
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a-Ketoglutamate to glutamate/glutamine
Glutamate NH4 ATP
Glutamine synthetase
Glutamine ADP Pi H
a-Ketoglutamate glutamine NADPH H
2 glutamate NADP
Glutamate synthase
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a-Ketoglutamate to glutamate/glutamine
Net Reaction a-Ketoglutarate NH4 NADPH
ATP L-glutamate NADP ADP Pi
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a-Ketoglutarate Family
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Synthesis of Proline
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Synthesis of Proline
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Synthesis of Arginine
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Synthesis of Arginine
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3-Phosphoglycerate Family
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Synthesis of Serine and Glycine
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Synthesis of Cysteine
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Oxoloacetate Family
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Synthesis of Aspartate and Asparagine
Aspartate
Oxaloacetate
Transamination from glutamate
Amidation with Glutamine donating NH4
Asparagine
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Pyruvate Family
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Synthesis of Alanine
Alanine
Pyruvate
Transamination from glutamate
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Phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose 4-phosphate
Family
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Synthesis of Chorismate
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Synthesis of Tryptophan
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Synthesis of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine
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Synthesis of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine (cont)
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Biosynthesis of Histidine

• When cursor points to a box further details will
  be displayed in the status window below. If you
  click on the box you will change to appropriate
  reaction scheme or enzyme specification.
• Continued from Histidine Biosynthesis (early
  stages)
• IUBMB 2001

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Possible Test Questions

1. Provide the 6 metabolic precursors and the amino
   acids which they lead to.
2. Duplicate the Amino Acid Synthesis Overview Flow
   Chart. Expand the sections need to show the
   synthesis of Glutamate, Glutamine, Proline,
   Arginine, Serine, Cysteine, Glycine, and starting
   from Chorismate Tryptophan, Tyrosine and
   Phenylalanine. (40 points!!)

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by RAMESH.NG M.TECH_BIOINFORMATICS