Breast cance presentation - khaled herzallah

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Breast Cancerprepared by Khaled
HerzallahsupervisorDr.Walid BashaDepartment
of medical lab. TechnologyFaculty of Allied
Medical ScienceArab American University
JeninSeminar cource 2005/2006
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Anatomy of the breast
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Breast CancerBreast cancer occurs when the
cells of the breast start to grow out of control
and then penetrate the nearby tissues or scatter
to the out of the body. This collection can be
called tumor .
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Tow types of tumors 1- Benign tumor 2-
Malignant tumor
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Cancer on the breast
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Stages of breast cancer
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Who at risk?The following risk factors result
from exposure to estrogen and progesterone
hormones- Age women who are over age 50.-
First pregnancy after age 30 years old
-Long-term (more than 5 years) hormone
replacement therapy (HRT) -Menstruation before
age 12 years. -Menopause after age 50 years.
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Causes of breast cancerEnvironmentGenesHormo
ne
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Signs and Symptoms

• 1- Lump or thickening in the breast, around it or
  under the axilla.
• 2- Change in the size or shape of the breast
• 3- Discharge of the nipple, either bloody or
  clear.
• 4- Redness or scaling of the skin or nipple.
• 5- Pain after long time.
• 6- A depression is found on the surface area of
  the breast.

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DO NOT WAIT
UNTIL YOU DELIVER OR STOP BREAST FEEDING TO GET
THE LUMP CHECKED OUT.
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How to diagnose breast cancer
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Mammography
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Biopsy
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Reading the result under microscope
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Fine-needle aspiration
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Tumor markers Many new cancer markers are being
researched. Most currently available markers are
neither sensitive nor specific enough to be used
alone for detection or diagnosis of cancer. Many
markers can be elevated due to other conditions.
An example of a marker for breast cancer is
cancer antigen (CA) 15-3
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Cancer Antigen (CA) 15-3 test The CA 15-3 test
measures the level of glycoprotein in the body.
Glycoprotein's are a protein that can be shed
from breast tumor cells into the bloodstream.
CA15-3 is a mucin like antigen of high molecular
weight primarily released from breast carcinoma
cells and some epithelial cells in to the blood
and other body fluids.
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Carbohydrate Antigen 15-3Carbohydrate Antigen
15-3 (CA 15-3) is a tumor marker associated with
breast cancer
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Carbohydrate Antigen 15-3
Continue The latest research tells us that when
levels of one or more of the 8 essential
glyconutrients (mannose, fucose, xylose, glucose,
galactose, n-acetyl-neuramic acid,
n-acetyl-glucosamine, and n-acetyl-glalactosamine)
become low, cancer can result.
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What are the treatments for breast cancer?
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1- Surgical Treatments
Lumpectomy
Radical Mastectomy
Simple Mastectomy
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2- Radiotherapy3- Hormonal Therapy 4-
Chemotherapy
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SELF EXAMINATION