Developmental Disorders

1
Developmental Disorders

• September 29, 2003
• References
• Case-Smith., J. (2001). Development of childhood
  occupations. In J, Case-Smith. Occupational
  therapy for children (4th ed.). St. Louis, Mosby
  Reed, K.L. Sanderson, S.N., (1999). Concepts of
  occupational therapy (4th ed.). Philadelphia
  Lippincott Williams and Wilkins

2
What does this include?

• A few diagnoses included under developmental
  disorders
• Cerebral Palsy
• Spina Bifida
• Down Syndrome
• Pre-maturity
• Genetic Syndromes (Trisomy 13, Prader Willi)
• Autism
• Developmental Delay

3
Childhood occupations and environments

• Play
• School
• Family
• Friends
• Community

4
Frame of reference- Developmental (Llorens)

• Looks at the child in progressive stages (earlier
  to later)
• Movement is organized from head to feet and from
  proximal to distal
• Very useful to know normal development before you
  can identify abnormal
• A disadvantage of the developmental framework
  what happens when the client reaches 21 years of
  age??

5
Ecology of Human Performance(Dunn)

• Looks at the relationship of Person-Task and
  Context (Environment) and their relationship to
  human performance.

6
Assessments

• Developmental Assessments
• Peabody Developmental Motor Scales
• Bayley Scales of Infant Development
• Learning Accomplishment Profile
• Hawaii Early Learning Profile

• Occupational Assessments
• Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory
• School Function Assessment
• Canadian Occupational Performance Measure

7
Practice Framework as a Guide

• Performance Areas to evaluate
• ADLs
• IADLs
• Education
• Work
• Play
• Leisure
• Social Participation

• Performance Skills for evaluation
• Motor skills (gross, fine, muscle tone)
• Cognitive skills
• Social skills

8
Evaluation Continued

• Performance Patterns
• What habits have been interrupted?
• Routines?
• Roles?
• habits- automatic behavior that is integrated
  into more complex patterns that enable people to
  function on day-to-day basis
• routines-occupations with established sequences
• roles- a set of behaviors that have some
  socially agreed upon function and for which there
  is an accepted code of norms

• Context
• Cultural
• Physical
• Social
• Personal
• Spiritual
• Temporal
• Virtual (may/may not apply all the time)