Features of blood vascular connective tissue

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Features of blood vascular connective
tissue Plasma (liquid matrix) Formed elements
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Cells must be continuously replaced
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How do cells replace themselves? Growth
factors Interleukins Cytokines Stromal cells
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Clotting factors Hemostasis Control of
inflammation
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Clot dissolution Factor XII?kallikrein?plasminoge
n?plasmin Anticoagulants calcium
chelators heparin- inactivates
thrombin coumarin- inhibits vitamin K
activation aspirin- inhibits prostaglandin
production, affects platelet release reaction
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Acid-base balance of blood Blood plasma pH
ranges between 7.35 and 7.45 CO2
H2O?H2CO3?HHCO3- Carbon dioxide transported
through blood concentration controlled by
breathing Kidneys release excess H and
reabsorb bicarbonate pH too low- acidosis pH
too high- alkalosis metabolic or respiratory
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Acidosis respiratory- hypoventilation metabolic
- excess production of ketone bodies, fatty
acids, lactic acid diabetes- fat
metabolism diarrhea- loss of bicarbonate
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Alkalosis respiratory- hyperventilation metabol
ic- too much bicarbonate excess vomiting loss
of fatty acids, ketone bodies, etc. loss of
acids in gastric juice So critical blood
chemicals are carbon dioxide and bicarbonate
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Summary Invertebrates without a circulatory
system do not have true blood Fluid contains
salts, some phagocytic cells and proteins Open
circulatory systems hemolymph Closed systems
blood a discrete tissue plasma and formed
elements
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Functions of blood transport (oxygen,
ions) Regulation (hormones, acid-base
balance) Protection from infection