Style Periods

1
Style Periods

• Medieval 400 - 1450
• Renaissance 1450 - 1600
• Baroque 1600 - 1750
• Classical 1750 - 1820
• Romantic 1820 - 1900
• 20th Century 1900 - Present

2
Kamien textbook Part V, selected topics pp 208 -
283

• The Romantic Period
• (1820-1900)

3
Romantic Music

• Greater ranges of tone color, dynamics, and pitch
• Harmonic vocabulary

4
Musical Nationalism

• Creating music with a specific national identity
• (This contrasts the universal character of the
  Classic Era)

5
Exoticism

• Fascination with foreign lands
• Unique rhythms
• Unique instruments

6
Program Music

• Instrumental music associated with literature

7
Rubato

• The holding back or pressing forward of the tempo

8

• More public and private concerts
• Amateur music making increased

Few composers were financially
successful
9
Virtuosity Public was entranced by virtuosity
10
Niccolo Paganini1782 - 1840
11
The Lied or Art Song

• A composition for solo voice and piano

12
Franz Schubert page 222Early Romantic Composer

• Born in Vienna (1797-1828)
• Prolific output
• Not financially successful

• At 19 years of age, wrote 179 works
• Master of the art song

13
Franz Schubert
14
Robert Schumann page 2271810 -1856
15
Robert Schumann

• German composer
• Music criticism
• Married piano teachers famous daughter
• Committed to asylum where he died

16
Homework Listening disc 3

• From Carnaval (1834) a cycle of program music
• Estrella
• Reconnaissance

17
Clara Wieck at 17
18
Clara Wieck Schumann1819 - 1896

• Virtuoso pianist
• Composer
• Leading interpreter of the music of
• Robert Schumann
• Johannes Brahms

19
Clara Wieck Schumann
20
Listening Forum
21
Homework Listening disc 3

• Liebst du um Schonbeit
• (If you love for beauty 1841)
• Clara Wieck Schumann
• Vocal Music Guide p. 232

22
Frederic Chopin1810 - 1849

• Virtuosic pianist
• Composer - compositional output centered around
  the piano
• Nationalist

23
Chopin (1810 1849)
24
Franz Liszt1811 - 1886
25
Franz Liszt

• Hungarian piano virtuoso
• Avant-garde composer
• Invented the Symphonic Poem
• programmatic orchestral work in one movement

26
Felix Mendelssohn1809 - 1847
27
Felix Mendelssohn

• German composer
• Music rooted in classicism
• Brilliant pianist
• Rekindled interest in J. S. Bach

28
Johannes Brahms (1833 1897) p 261

• German master composer/pianist
• Studied with Robert Schumann
• Misplaced classicist
• Studied earlier composers works in detail

29
Johannes Brahms
30
Older Brahms
31
Brahms Masterpieces include

• All traditional forms except opera
• His first symphony was dubbed Beethovens
  tenth
• Four symphonies

32
Bedrich Smetana p 253 1824 -1884

• Nationalist composer, pianist, conductor
• Founder of Czech national music
• Became deaf at age 50
• Most famous work The Moldau (1874)

33
Antonin Dvorak p 255(1841 1904)

• Followed Smetana composing Czech national music
• Became director of the National Conservatory of
  Music in New York
• Most famous work New World Symphony

34
Antonin Dvorak
35
Peter Tchaikovsky p 2591840 -1893

• Russian, Late Romantic
• Fused Russian folk music and European style
• Father of the Ballet

36
Tchaikovsky1840 -1893
37
Romantic Opera

• The Golden Age of Opera

38
Giuseppe Verdi (1813 1901)

• Significant Italian opera composer
• Wrote operas with political overtones
• Critics blasted him for scandalous subjects

39
Giuseppe Verdi
40
Giacomo Puccini p 269(1858 1924)

• Italian
• Late Romantic Opera composer
• Became wealthy and world famous

41
Chapter 18 Richard Wagner

• German (1813-1883)

• Mid to late Romantic opera composer

• Lived large off of othersran up debts

42
Richard Wagner p 276(1813 1883)

• German Opera composer
• Complex music dramas
• Innovative avant- guard harmonies

43
The Ring of Nibelung (Ring cycle - four operas)

• Fused elements of mythology, symbolism, poetry,
  and philosophy
• 19 ½ hours long!
• Performance at Bayreuth in 1876 an important
  musical event of the century

44
Homework Listening disk 4

• Die Walkure (The Valkyrie, 1856)
• Richard Wagner
• Act I Love scene (conclusion)
• Storyline of the Ring Cycle this scene (p.
  278)
• Vocal Music Guide p. 280

45
Wagner - German Nationalist

• Anti-Semitic
• Selfish and ruthless
• Absolute self-conviction about his place in
  history
• I am the most German of beings. I am the German
  spirit.