EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS

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EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS

• Dr. Z. E. Musielak
• Department of Physics
• University of Texas at Arlington

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OUTLINE

• Detection of Extra-Solar Planets
• Planets around Nearby Stars
• Stellar Habitable Zones
• Research at UTA
• Conclusions

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The host star wobbles as a result of moving planet
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Doppler Detection Technique
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Planetary Transition
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Change in Stellar Brightness Due to Planet
Transition
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Discoveries of Extrasolar Planets

• First planetary system was discovered by
• Wolszczan Frail (1992)
• around a pulsar PSR 125712
• First planets around solar-type stars were
  discovered by
• Mayor Queloz (1995)
• Butler Marcy (1996)
• Marcy Butler (1996)

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McDonald Observatory
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Current Status

• As of today (February 20, 2008)
• Doppler technique 260 planets
• Photometric technique 35 planets
• Microlensing method 6 planets
• Pulsar planets 4 planets

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Orbits of Some Extrasolar Planets
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Observational Results

• The discovered planets are more massive than
  Jupiter giant planets!
• Massive planets are located at small orbits.
• Some giant planets have highly eccentric orbits.

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Stellar Habitable Zones
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Milky Way Habitable Zone
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RESEARCH AT UTA

• (1) Star Planet Interactions
• (2) Orbital Stability in Habitable Zones
• (a) Single Stars
• (b) Binary Stars
• (c) Multiple Stellar Systems

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Stellar Activity and Exoplanets

• Enhancement of stellar activity by exoplanets
  (e.g., Ca II HK and X-rays)
• Interaction between the stellar and planetary
  magnetic fields

Cuntz, Saar Musielak (2000)
Orbital modulations of Ca II in 3 systems
Hot spot following the planet in HD179949
Shkolnik, Walker Bohlender (2003)
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Orbital Stability in Habitable Zone of 51 Peg
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Orbital Stability in Habitable Zone of 47 UMa
Noble, Musielak and Cuntz (2002)
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Orbital Stability in Habitable Zone of HD 210277
Noble, Musielak and Cuntz (2002)
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Orbital Stabilty in Binary Systems
Musielak, Cuntz, Marshall and Stuit (2003)
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CONCLUSIONS

• As of today, 276 extra-solar planets orbiting
  solar-type stars have been discovered.
• The discovered planets have masses comparable to
  or larger than Jupiter and most of them orbit
  near their host stars.
• Some of these giant planets have highly eccentric
  orbits.

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FUTURE OBSERVATIONS

• The Keck Interferometer
• Space Interferometry Mission (SIM)
• Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF)
• The Kepler Photometer
• The Darwin Mission
• Gaia Space Observatory
• The StarLight Mission