GLONASS: Status and Perspectives

1
GLONASS Status and Perspectives

• Civil GPS Service Interface Committee
• International Information Subcommittee
• Prague, 14-15 March, 2005
• ________________________________________________
• Sergey Revnivykh
• Satellite Navigation Department
• Mission Control Center
• Central Research Institute of Machine Building
• 4 Pionerskaya st, 141070 Korolyov
• sergey.revnivykh_at_mcc.rsa.ru
• http//www.mcc.rsa.ru/iac.htm

2
Overview

• State Policy
• System Status
• Modernization
• International Cooperation
• Summary

3
State Policy Principles

• GLONASS is a dual-use system
• Recognition of GLONASS as an strategic element of
  the national security issue
• No direct user fees for civil GLONASS service
• Open access to the GLONASS civil signal structure
  for user equipment manufacture, applications
  development and value-added services
• Combine GLONASS/GPS receivers use on the Russian
  territory
• Compatibility and interoperability of GLONASS
  with GPS and future GALILEO
• Development of the GNSS global market

4
GLONASS State Policy Sources

• Decree of the President , 1999
• Decision of the Government, 1999
• Federal GLONASS Program for 2002-2011, approved
  by the Government, August 2001
• State concept of the Russian United Navigation
  and Time Service System, October 2004
• GLONASS is a key element of the Navigation and
  Time Service System

5
Federal GLONASS Program Directions

• Sustainment and development of GLONASS system
  (Roscosmos, MOD)
• Minimal operation capability (18 satellites) by
  2008
• Full operation capability (24 satellites) by 2010
• Development and production preparation of the
  GNSS user equipment for civil and governmental
  users (Agency of Industry, MOD)
• Combined GNSS receivers
• Integrated systems based on GNSS techniques
• Components manufacture
• Navigation technology introduction in the
  transport infrastructure (Transport Agencies of
  MOT)
• Geodesy system modernization (Mapping Agency of
  MOT)

Combined Federal Mission Oriented Program
directly funded from the Federal Budget with
annual adjustment
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GLONASS Program Management

• Roskosmos
• GLONASS development
• GLONASS augmentation development
• GLONASS performance monitoring and control

• MOD
• GLONASS development
• GLONASS operation
• User equipment development for governmental use

ROSKOSMOS is The Program Coordinator
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Overview

• State Policy
• System Status
• Modernization
• International Cooperation
• Summary

8
GLONASS Constellation Status (05.03.2005)
14 satellites in constellation

• 12 GLONASS satellites (3 years life-time)
• All operational
• 2 GLONASS-M satellites (7 years life-time)
• Both in flight test
• Next launch end of 2005

Flight tests
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Constellation History and Perspective

• GLONASS deployment milestones
• 18 satellites in constellation 2007
• 24 satellites in constellation 2010-2011

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GLONASS Control Segment (Space Force)

• GLONASS System Control Center
• Krasnoznamensk, Moscow reg.
• Satellite operation
• ODTS
• TTC stations
• St.Petersbourg reg.
• Schelkovo, Moscow reg
• Yenisseysk
• Komsomolsk-Amur
• System clock (Central synchronizer)
• Schelkovo

Mission control segment development in schedule

• One-way tracking stations deployment
• Space Force sites
• Rosstandard sites (Mendeleyevo, Novosibirsk,
  Irkutsk, Khabarovsk

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GLONASS Satellite Performance

• Guaranteed Life-time
• Satellite mass
• Power supply
• Navigation payload
• Mass
• Power consumption
• Clock stability (24 hours)
• Attitude control accuracy
• Solar panel pointing accuracy

• 3 years
• 1 415 kg
• 1 000 W
• 180 kg
• 600 W
• 510-13
• 0.5 deg
• 5 deg

Group launch by PROTON
Total launched 81 satellites Actual life-time 4.5
years
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GLONASS-M Performance

• Guaranteed Life-time
• Satellite mass
• Power supply
• Navigation payload
• Mass
• Power consumption
• Clock stability (24 hours)
• Attitude control accuracy
• Solar panel pointing accuracy

• 7 years
• 1 415 kg
• 1 450 W
• 250 kg
• 580 W
• 110-13
• 0.5 deg
• 2 deg

GLONASS-M new features

• Extended life-time
• L2 civil signal
• Improved clock stability
• Improved solar panel pointing
• Improved dynamic model, less level of unpredicted
  accelerations

Group launch by PROTON
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GLONASS Availability Evolution
12/2001 6 SV, A17 ? gap 13.7h
12/2002 8 SV, A22 ? gap 9.3h
12/2003 9 SV, A35 ? gap 9.0h
Since 2001 the gap in navigation reduced from 14
to 3 hours
12/2004 11 SV, A58 ? gap 4.6h
03/2005 13 SV, A76 ? gap 2.9h
12/2007 18 SV, A96 ? gap 0.6h
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Overview

• State Policy
• System Status
• Modernization
• International Cooperation
• Summary

15
GLONASS Service Modernization

• Second civil signal at L2 frequency band since
  GLONASS-M in 2003 for higher accuracy
• Third civil signal at L3 frequency band since
  GLONASS-K in 2008 for higher reliability and
  accuracy, especially for safety-of-life
  applications
• GNSS Integrity information in the third civil
  signal (GLONASS-K) reliability of navigation
  service
• Global differential ephemeris and time
  corrections in the third civil signal (GLONASS-K)
  sub meter real time accuracy for mobile users
• Search and Rescue service (extension of
  COSPAS/SARSAT service) shortening time of
  precise positioning and rescue for people in
  distress

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GLONASS Modernization Plan
GLONASS 1982-2007
GLONASS-M 2003-2015
GLONASS-K 2008-2025
GLONASS-KM 2015-..
Requirement definition since 2002 ?.
Developer NPO PM DD phase To be ordered up to 27
SV Life-time 10 years 3rd civil signal
Developer NPO PM Producer PO Polyot Total
launched 81 SV Ordered 1 SV In orbit 12 SV
Life-time 3 years
Developer NPO PM Producer NPO PM Ordered 8 SV In
orbit 2 SV To be ordered 6 Life-time 7 years 2nd
civil signal
Ground control segment modernization Navigation
(ODTS) system modernization GLONASS augmentation
system implementation System certification for
safety of life applications
Navigation service market development
Search and Rescue service implementation
Supplementary functions (TBD)
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GLONASS-K Performance

• Guaranteed Life-time
• Satellite mass
• Power supply
• Navigation payload
• Mass
• Power consumption
• Clock stability (24 hours)
• Attitude control accuracy
• Solar panel pointing accuracy

• 10 years
• 850 kg
• 1 270 W
• 260 kg
• 750 W
• 110-13
• 0.5 deg
• 1 deg

GLONASS-K new features

• Extended life-time
• L3 civil signal
• Improved performance
• SAR function

Group launch by SOYUZ
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GLONASS Signals
fk1f01kDf1 fk2f02kDf2 fk3fk13/4 f011602
MHz Df1 562,5 kHz f021246 MHz Df2 437,5 kHz
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GLONASS Augmentation Development
GEO
Operation since 2008
GLONASS-K
L3 signal
National GLONASS/GPS Tracking Stations Network
Uplink stations
Data Processing and Analysis Center
Global IGS Network
Positioning in real time Global lt1 m Regional lt5
cm

• Integrity information
• Global Orbit and Time Corrections

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GLONASS Performance Monitoring and Control

• Central Research Institute of ROSKOSMOS
  (Information Analytical Navigation Center) to
  fit-back for GLONASS Control Segment
• Daily ephemeris and clock correction evaluation
• Data of global IGS network in use
• Driver for GLONASS performance improvement

Orbit error in range (12.02.2005)
SISRE
GPS
GLONASS
GPS
GLONASS
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Overview

• State Policy
• System Status
• Modernization
• International Cooperation
• Summary

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General Goal

• Benefit users by the reliable, accurate and with
  high availability navigation service
• Developing GLONASS to provide compatibility and
  interoperability with existing and future systems
• Beneficial use of GNSS service in the world
  market
• Standards consolidation
• Frequency protection
• Joint development of user equipment and
  augmentations

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Russia - EU

• Negotiation process resumed
• Consultations on the EU-Russia GALILEO/GLONASS
  Agreement text to be consolidated soon
• Technical group to find solutions for
  compatibility and interoperability
• Signal compatibility and interoperability at
  L3/E5b
• Time scale shift transmission
• GLONASS geodesy reference to be adjusted to ITRF
• Russian industry involvement into GALILEO
  development
• SOYUZ launch service for GSTB-V2a
• NII PP laser reflectors delivered for GSTB-V2a/b
• Involvement to the H-maser development
• Russian industry involvement in FP-6

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Russia - India

• Agreement signed in December 2004
• Civil GLONASS service covering
• Participation of India in the GLONASS
  constellation sustainment (including launches of
  GLONASS-M satellites with Indias GSLV rocket)
• Cooperation in ground GNSS infrastructure
  development

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Russia - US

• GPS/GLONASS full compatibility provided by design
  for existing signals
• Joint statement signed in December 2004
• No direct user fees for civil GLONASS/GPS service
  confirmed
• Cooperation at International organizations
• Ensure compatibility and interoperability
• SAR function implementation
• Agreement preparation

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GPS/GLONASS Combine Use Benefits
Advantage of Positioning Availability for Urban
and Canyon Conditions (GDOPlt5, mask angle 25o)
GPSGLONASS (9 sats)
GPS only
GPSGLONASS (12 sats)
Number of satellites in view for Moscow region
during a day
GPSGLONASS (9 sats)
GPSGLONASS (18 sats)
GPS only
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Overview

• State Policy
• System Status
• Modernization
• International Cooperation
• Summary

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Summary

• GLONASS is existing and developing system
• GLONASS significance as an element of the
  national security issue recognized
• Performance improvement is in schedule of Federal
  GLONASS Program
• Both compatibility and interoperability of the
  existing and future systems is the strategic way
  ahead

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