U.S. HISTORY

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U.S. HISTORY GOVERNMENT
REVIEW
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STATE REGENTS EXAM U.S. History Govt.
TUESDAY- June 20th Report Time
.... 1215 P.M.
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Time / Length Take your time
- 2 hour minimum 1230 PM 230
PM - 3 hour maximum
330 PM
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The EXAM Your NAME TEACHERs NAME
- In TEST Booklet . DBQ short
answer - In ESSAY Booklet Thematic
DBQ
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EXAM Format - Multiple Choice -
ESSAY DBQ ... Part A .. -
ESSAY Thematic - ESSAY DBQ Part B
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MULTIPLE CHOICE 50 Questions GOVT
HISTORY - Vocabulary Terms people
- Question look for key term(s) -
Answer Process of Elimination - try
to eliminate 1 or 2 answers
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MULTIPLE CHOICE - double-check your work -
Make sure - put answers on Test booklet
Answer Sheet - you answered ALL questions
- keep your answer sheet aligned with
the question youre answering - when
done copy them to Scantron Answer Sheet -
dont mark 2 answers for 1 question - watch
eraser marks
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ESSAYS - Thematic Essay - DBQ -
Part A Short Answer - Part B Essay
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DBQ - Part A in booklet - Look for
Timeframe, Country, Person
Key terms Underline as you
read TAKE NOTES if
possible 9 documents
- Answers Get to the point -
Rating / Point Scale 2, 1, 0 - 1
Document, but 1 - 3 questions
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DBQ Part A Short Answer
(Continued) - PART A Short Answer
put down something
for each question copy text/part of
passage if you have to
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ESSAY Thematic - Describe Impact - Compare /
which is bestTOPICS - Their
Suggestions use as a guide ...
stick to Topic / Theme .
- use US Supreme Court cases -
USE the test (Multiple Choice)
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ESSAY DBQ - Part B - Treat like a Research
Paper Use at least 4 documents
STATE the document 3 9 pts
(Doc. 1)
(OUTSIDE INFORMATION - ) -
Length 3 PAGES
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ESSAY Thematic Possible Topics -
Geography - Immigration -
Science Technology - Presidential
Policies - Foreign
- Domestic - Citizenship
- U.S. Supreme Court Cases -
Constitutional Amendments
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• ESSAY Thematic
• IMMIGRATION
• - Pilgrims / Early Settlers/Europeans
• - forced migration
• - African Americans
• - Native Americans . Cherokees
• - Irish Italians . late 1800s
• - Chinese Japanese
• - Hispanics/Latinos US government
  policies NATIVISTS vs Big Business

DESCRIBE IMPACT - Positive - Negative
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• ESSAY Thematic
• SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY
• - TRANSPORTATION
• - horse
• - STEAMboat
• - train
• - automobile
• - plane
• - jet
• - Space Shuttle

DESCRIBE IMPACT - Positive - Negative
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• ESSAY Thematic
• SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY
• - COMMUNICATION
• - Bible
• - Mass media
• - newspapers
• - radio
• - television
• - computers
• - Internet
• - Email

DESCRIBE IMPACT - Positive - Negative
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• ESSAY Thematic
• SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY
• - ENERGY
• - wood
• - coal
• - water power rivers
• - electricity
• - nuclear

DESCRIBE IMPACT - Positive - Negative
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• ESSAY Thematic
• SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY
• - SCIENCE
• - hygiene portable soap
• - modern medicine
• - vaccinations
• - pills
• - health care for the Aged everyone
• - inventions
• - automation
• - microwave

DESCRIBE IMPACT - Positive - Negative
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• ESSAY Thematic
• PRESIDENTIAL Foreign Policy
• - George Washington neutrality
• - James Monroe .. Monroe Doctrine
• - McKinley Teddy Roosevelt .. Imperialism
• - Woodrow Wilson . Diplomacy - FDR .
  Isolation then World Involve - Truman
  Eisenhower Containment
• - JFK.. Cold War Anti-Communist
• - Nixon .. Détente, Ping Pong Diplomacy -
  Reagan end of Cold War
• - George Bush Sr. World Policeman
• - George Bush Jr. . Pre - emptive

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• ESSAY Thematic
• PRESIDENTIAL Domestic Policy
• - Abraham Lincoln
• Maintain the US Nation
• Human Rights
• - Herbert Hoover .. Laissez-faire
• - Teddy Roosevelt ... Square Deal
• - FDR ... New Deal
• - Lyndon Johnson . Great Society
• - Ronald Reagan . Trickle down
  Economics Reaganomics

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• ESSAY Thematic
• Citizenship US Supreme Court Decisions
• - Dred Scott
• - Plessy v. Ferguson
• - Schenk v. United States
• - Korematsu v. United States
• - Brown v. Board of Ed. of Topeka
• - Miranda v. Arizona
• - Engle v. Vitale

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• ESSAY Thematic
• Citizenship AMENDMENTS
• 1st - freedom of speech, religion, press
• 5th - incrimination
• 6th - fair speedy trial
• 13th - slavery
• 14th - citizenship
• 15th - right to vote
• 19th - Womens right to vote
• 21st - end to Prohibition

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THE COURSE

• GEOGRAPHY CLIMATE
• PRE-CIVIL WAR - Early Settlement
  - North vs South - Colonial Life
  - North vs South vs West (Appalachians)

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• Which geographical advantage did the United
  States gain with the Louisiana Purchase? 1. a
  Mississippi River port on the Gulf of Mexico 2.
  access to southern ports on the Pacific Ocean 3.
  control of land west of the Rocky Mountains 4.
  more natural harbors on the Atlantic Ocean

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• EARLY GOVERNMENT - Enlightenment / Philosophes
  - John Locke, Montesquieu -
  Mayflower Compact - 1st set of Laws on
  Govt. - Albany Plan of Union
  - Colonial Govt. but head appointed by King
  - Declaration of Independence -
  Articles of Confederation - 1st
  National set of laws - States have
  more power than Federal Govt.

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• The Mayflower Compact is important to the concept
  of a democratic society because it represents
  (1) an effort by the colonists to use force to
  resist the King (2) a clear step toward
  self-government (3) an early attempt to
  establish universal suffrage
• (4) an attempt by the colonists to establish
  freedom of religion

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• U.S. GOVERNMENT - Branches Purpose
  . Great Compromise - Executive
  leader --- but - Legislative creates
  bill approves Pres. laws - Judicial
  says if Constitutional - Marbury v. Madison

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• Which feature of the unwritten constitution is
  part of the system of checks and balances? (1)
  the cabinet (2) political parties (3)
  judicial review (4) legislative lobbies

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• U.S. CONSTITUTION - purpose - Elastic
  Clause - Unwritten Constitution
  .. Strict vs Loose Constructionists -
  Amendments - Bill of Rights

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• One difference between the Constitution and the
  Articlesof Confederation is that the
  Constitution 1. created separate, independent
  branches of government 2. granted greater
  power to the States than to the Federal
  Government 3. granted more authority to the
  Chief Executive than to the national
  legislature 4. reduced the power of the Federal
  courts

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When President Thomas Jefferson acquired the
Louisiana Territory from France, he demonstrated
that he had modified his belief that (1) the
Constitution should be strictly interpreted (2)
the federal government should limit
individual rights (3) adding territory would
lead to regional rivalries (4) commercial
development was the main goal of the
federal government
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• Course websitehttp//www.usglobal.tk
• Government questions added

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• FEDERALISTS EARLY PRESIDENTS
  Federalists - George Washington
  Hamiltonian Federal Bank Program ... -
  Thomas Jefferson Expansion of nation
  American Survival - James Monroe
  Monroe Doctrine Manifest Destiny
  

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• Alexander Hamilton's financial plan helped to
  establish the credit of the United States
  government by
• 1. providing for the payment of the nation's
  debts
• 2. taxing only the people most able to pay
• 3. favoring agriculture over industry
• 4. encouraging spending for national defense

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• CIVIL WAR - Causes Geographical
  Differences - North Economic ..
  Industrial - South Economic ..
  Plantation - West Statehood

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• CIVIL WAR - Causes People
  - Slavery - Abolitionists
  - Harriet Tubman Underground RR
  - Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle
  Toms - Frederick Douglas
  - Sojourner Truth -
  Pro-Slavery - southern Plantation
  Owners

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• CIVIL WAR Decisions - Missouri
  Compromise Missouri Maine - Compromise
  of 1850 California, New Mexico,
  Fugitive Slave Law - Dred Scott Decision
  - Kansas - Nebraska Act

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• The Missouri Compromise of 1820 settled
  conflicts between the North and the South over
  (1) admission of states to the Union (2)
  Supreme Court decisions (3) presidential
  election results (4) voting rights

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• CIVIL WAR Battles - Initial
  - Union Army burns/destroys South
  Abraham Lincoln - Gettysburg Address
  - Emancipation Proclamation

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• RECONSTRUCTION Why ? - Lincoln
  Plan 10 people agree -
  Andrew Johnson Plan general pardon
  - African Americans -
  WEB Dubois equality now - Booker T.
  Washington Tuskegee Inst. - Marcus
  Garvey Back to Africa Movement

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• In their plans for Reconstruction, both
  President Abraham Lincoln and President Andrew
  Johnson sought to
• 1. punish the South for starting the Civil War
• 2. force the Southern States to pay reparations
  to the Federal Government
• 3. allow the Southern States to reenter the
  nation as quickly as possible
• 4. establish the Republican Party as the
  only political party in the South

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• RECONSTRUCTION Reaction -
  Economic South . destroyed
  sharecropping Freedmans Bureau
  - KKK - Black Codes / Jim Crow
  Laws - Plessy v. Ferguson -
  Amendments 14th . citizenship 15th .
  Voting rights

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The purpose of the Black Codes in the South was
to 1. give civil rights to blacks
2. keep blacks in an inferior position 3.
return blacks to Africa 4. provide
blacks with better jobs
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• LATE 1800s US Presidents - Andrew Johnson
  Impeachment trumped up political
  charges power struggle - Ulysses S. Grant
  . Scandals - Rutherford B. Hayes
  anti-Spoils System - Grover Cleveland
  pro-business

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• GILDED AGE Big Business - Capitalism
  laissez-faire vs socialism - Business
  Organizations - Monopoly - Trust
  - Holding Company - International
  Corporation - Andrew Carnegie - John D.
  Rockefeller philanthropist Social
  Darwinism

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• In the late 1800s, the theory of laissez-faire
  capitalism was used by many industrialists to
  (1) petition the government for assistance
  during times of financial crisis
  (2) oppose colonial expansion in Africa and
  Asia (3) argue against government regulation
  of business practices (4) defend
  limits on the number of immigrants
  allowed to work in factories

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• GILDED AGE Labor Unions - Open
  Shops vs Closed Shops - Tactics
  Immigration - wages hours -
  Melting Pot - Quotas . Nativism
  - Nationalism role of schools NATIVISM
  WASP (white protestant male) protect rights
  of those born in America anti foreigner
  anti communist

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• Nativism in the late 19th century was
  motivated primarily by
• 1. hostility toward immigrant workers
• 2. the need to reduce overcrowding in
  western states
• 3. cultural conflicts with Native American
  Indians
• 4. the migration of African Americans
  to northern cities

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• GILDED AGE U.S. Government - Sherman
  Anti-Trust Act break-up BIG companies
  - Interstate Commerce Act regulate
  RRs - Munn v. Illinois
  Congress has power on INTERstate
  commerce

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• A main purpose of President Theodore
  Roosevelts trustbusting policies was to
• 1. reduce corruption in government
• 2. save the nations banks
• 3. encourage competition in business
• 4. end strikes by labor unions

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• THE WEST - Appalachian Mountains -
  Louisiana Purchase - Manifest Destiny -
  Mexican-American War - Indian Removal Acts
  - Worcester v. Georgia - Trail of
  Tears

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• The Indian Wars that occurred between 1860
  and 1890 were mainly the result of (1)
  disputes over the spread of slavery (2)
  conflict with Mexico over Texas and California
  (3) the search for gold in California (4)
  the movement of settlers onto the Great Plains

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• THE WEST - Homestead Acts - role of
  the Railroad - Grange Movement Farmers
  Rights - Populism Farmers Socialism
  

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The Populist movement was most interested in
improving conditions for (1) farmers
(2) business leaders (3)
African Americans (4) Native
American Indians

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• PROGRESSIVE ERA - Social Reformers
  - Susan B. Anthony - Dorothea Dix
  - Ida Tarbell - Upton Sinclair -
  Muckrakers - investigate social,
  economic political wrongs -
  Teddy Roosevelt Square Deal -
  stewardship - anti-Monopoly fair
  labor

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• In the early 20th century, muckrakers were
  able to influence American society mainly through
  their
• 1. frequent acts of civil disobedience
• 2. activities as government officials
• 3. publication of articles and books
• 4. control over factories

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• Which event of the early 1900s is evidence that
  Upton Sinclairs novel The Jungle had an
  important impact on the United States?1.
  adoption of reforms in public education 2.
  passage of legislation limiting immigration 3.
  adoption of the 18th amendment
  establishing Prohibition 4. passage of
  legislation requiring Federal inspection
  of meat

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• During which period in United States
  history were the amendments concerning the income
  tax, direct election of Senators, Prohibition,
  and womens suffrage enacted?
• 1. Reconstruction
• 2. The Gilded Age
• 3. Progressive Era
• 4. New Deal

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• Both the Sherman Antitrust Act and the
  Clayton Antitrust Act were passed in response to
  the problem of (1) companies refusing to hire
  minority workers (2) businesses choosing to
  hire illegal immigrants (3) unsafe working
  conditions in factories (4) business
  combinations limiting competition

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• U.S. at WAR (1900 - 1945) - 1800s -
  Monroe Doctrine - Commodore William Perry
  - Open Door Policy - early 1900s
  - Spanish-American War - Roosevelt
  Corollary - Dollar Diplomacy -
  Good Neighbor Policy

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• The principle that the United States has
  the right to act as the "policeman of the Western
  Hemisphere" and intervene in the internal affairs
  of Latin American nations was established by the
• 1. Good Neighbor policy
• 2. Open Door policy
• 3. Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe
  Doctrine
• 4. Marshall Plan

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• Early in the 20th century, Presidents
  William Taft and Woodrow Wilson used the concept
  of "Dollar Diplomacy" to
• 1. help European nations avoid war
• 2. expand United States influence in China
  
• 3. protect United States investments
  in Latin America
• 4. support welfare programs for
  immigrants to the United States

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World War I (1914 - 1918)

• World War I - CAUSES Nationalism/Ethnic
  Groups Alliances Imperialism Militarism

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World War I (1914 - 1918)

• U.S. Involvement - Zimmerman Note/Telegram
  - Mexico Texas - sinking of Lusitania

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World War I (1914 - 1918)

• World War I - EFFECTSTreaty of Versailles
  Germany humiliated - - -gt World War II
• Collapse of 3 Empires - Austria - Hungary -
  Ottoman - Russian

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World War II (1939 - 1945)

• World War II - CAUSES- Weimar Germany- world
  depression- ? League of Nations ?- Rise of
  Fascism - Hitler - Mussolini

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• A major reason for the isolationist trend
  in the United States following World War I was
• 1. a desire to continue the reforms of the
  Progressives
• 2. the publics desire to end most trade
  with other nations
• 3. the failure of the United States to
  gain new territory
• 4. the reality of the outcomes of the war
  death, wounded, land destroyed

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Holocaust

• Led by Hitler Nazi Germany
• Plan to exterminate ALL Jews - 6 million
  Jews 4 million non-Jews
• Nuremberg Laws 1935
• Rights deprived - citizenship, property,
  movement, life
• Death Camps (Concentration Camps - Auschwitz,
  Dachau
• Loss of Assets

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• U.S. involvement in World War II -
  Lend-Lease Act - Pearl Harbor - Potsdam
  Yalta Conferences - Manhattan Project
  - Hiroshima Nagasaki

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• World War II the aftermath - Japanese
  surrender - US occupation of Japan -
  Nuremberg Trials hunt/search for Nazi
  war criminals - Germany divided -
  Berlin divided - United Nations created
  - Security Council .. peace
  - 5 Permanent members

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• In the years just after World War II, the
  United States attempted to prevent the spread of
  communism in Europe mainly by
• 1. taking over the governments of several
  Western European nations
• 2. increasing opportunities for political
  refugees to settle in the United States
• 3. holding a series of summit meetings with
  leaders of the Soviet Union
• 4. establishing policies of economic and
  military aid for European nations

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• Human Rights during Wartime - Schenk v.
  United States - Korematsu v. United States

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• Which generalization is consistent with the
  ruling of the United States Supreme Court in
  Schenck v. United States?
• 1. The freedoms guaranteed in the Bill of
  Rights are virtually unlimited
• 2. Government has the right to suspend any
  rights at any time.
• 3. Individual rights can be limited in the
  national interest
• 4. The balance between individual rights and
  the general social welfare almost always favors
  individual rights.

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• Prosperity Depression - Roaring 20s
  (Society) - Coolidge Prosperity
  business - GREAT DEPRESSION - buying
  on margin - Stock Market Crash -
  Bonus Army Hoovervilles

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• FDR NEW DEAL - Bank Reforms -
  Jobs - Unemployment Insurance - court
  packing Schechter v. Poultry too
  much power

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• The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s was a
  period when African Americans
• 1. left the United States in large numbers to
  settle in Nigeria
• 2. created noteworthy works of art and
  literature
• 3. migrated to the West in search of land and
  jobs
• 4. used civil disobedience to fight segregation
  in the Armed Forces

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• The 1920s are sometimes called the "Roaring
  Twenties" because
• 1. foreign trade prospered after World War I
• 2. the United States assumed a leadership role
  in world affairs
• 3. political reforms made government more
  democratic
• 4. widespread social and economic change
  occurred

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• In the 1920s, the Immigration Act of 1924 and
  the Sacco-Vanzetti trial were typical of the
• 1. rejection of traditional customs and beliefs
• 2. acceptance of cultural differences
• 3. increase in nativism and intolerance
• 4. support of humanitarian causes

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• In the 1930s, the enactment of New Deal
  programs demonstrated a belief that
• 1. corporations were best left to operate
  without government interference
• 2. state governments should give up control over
  commerce inside their states
• 3. the Federal Government must concern itself
  with the peoples economic well-being
• 4. the United States Constitution was not
  relevant to 20th-century life

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• The main purpose of New Deal measures such as
  the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and
  the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
  was to
• 1. provide immediate employment opportunities
• 2. develop rules to limit speculation and
  safeguard savings
• 3. enable the Federal Government to take over
  failing industries
• 4. assure a guaranteed income for American
  families

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• Lend Lease Act pre World War II

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The Lend-Lease Act and the Destroyers-for-Bases
deal were adopted prior to World War II primarily
because these actions would 1. help Allied
nations without the United States entering
the war 2. stop the spread of communism 3.
convince the American people that war was
necessary 4. create jobs to end the Great
Depression
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World War II (1939 - 1945)

• World War II - EFFECTS- Decline of European
  Imperialism - Independence Movements-
  Cold War U.S. vs U.S.S.R.- Germany
  divided- United Nations created

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• COLD WAR US vs USSR
  (Soviet Union) democracy vs
  totalitarianism capitalism vs
  communism/socialism NATO vs
  Warsaw Pact - Arms
  race - Nuclear race - Space race -
  Nationalism - Olympics

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• COLD WAR / Post World War II - US
  economic aid - Truman Doctrine
  Eisenhower Doctrine prevent
  communism Containment
  - Marshall Plan (give aid )

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• As World War II was ending, the United
  States decided to join the United Nations mainly
  because the United States
• 1. sought to meet the American publics
  overwhelming demand for free-trade agreements
• 2. wanted to continue to play the same role it
  had in the League of Nations
• 3. recognized that efforts to achieve world
  peace required United States involvement
• 4. wanted to stop the growing influence of newly
  independent developing nations

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• A common purpose of the Truman Doctrine, the
  Marshall Plan, and the Eisenhower Doctrine was
  to
• 1. carry out the United States policy of
  preventing the spread of communism
• 2. insure the survival of the newly independent
  nations of Africa and Asia
• 3. limit the proliferation of nuclear weapons
• 4. provide medical aid to Latin American nations
  

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• COLD WAR Limited Conflict -
  Berlin Airlift - Korean War - Iron Curtain /
  Berlin Wall - Cuban Missile Crisis - Bay of
  Pigs Invasion - Vietnam War -
  Afghanistan - Nicaragua

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• COLD WAR Negotiations - détente -
  SALT ( Strategic Arms Limitations
  Treaties) - Ping Pong Diplomacy

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• The primary purpose of the War Powers Act
  (1973) is to
• 1. limit Presidential power to send troops into
  combat
• 2. allow for a quicker response to a military
  attack
• 3. assure adequate defense of the Western
  Hemisphere
• 4. stop the use of troops for nonmilitary
  purposes

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• Which foreign policy concept can be used to
  describe the deliberate decrease in nuclear
  weapons by both the United States and the Soviet
  Union in the late 1970s and during the 1980s ?
  (1) appeasement (2) peaceful
  coexistence (3) détente (4)
  domino theory

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• COLD WAR in US - 1920s Red Scare
  - 1950s McCarthyism -
  Black Lists / listing -
  Alger Hiss - HUAC
  (House UnAmerican Activities
  Committee)

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• A similarity between the Red Scare of the
  1920s and McCarthyism in the 1950s was that
  during each period
• 1. thousands of American citizens were expelled
  from the United States
• 2. the Communist Party gained many members in
  the United States
• 3. many government employees were convicted of
  giving secrets to the Soviet Union
• 4. the civil liberties of American citizens were
  threatened

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• Post World War II US society - US
  troops come home - GI Bill - Role of
  Women - Population Boom - Suburbia
  - Highways across America / US -
  Education - Public Schools K - 12
  - College - Radio Television Black
  White - Color

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• All of the following factors promoted the
  growth of suburbs EXCEPT?
• 1. low-cost government loans.2. expanded
  road and highway construction.3. laws
  forbidding residential segregation by
  races.4. increased automobile production.

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• 1950s US Presidents Truman -
  Fair Deal - public housing
  - Workers - Union dues
  - Strikes - Korea

101

• 1950s US Presidents Eisenhower -
  Containment Policy / Domino Theory -
  John Foster Dulles - Brinkmanship
  - Eisenhower Doctrine -
  Middle East Israel Turkey
  (missiles facing Soviet Union) - NASA
  . Space - National Education Act

102

• President Truman contributed to the
  anti-Communist fear after the Second World War
  by?
• 1. recommending that "pro-Communist" books be
  removed from the nation's libraries and
  bookstores.
• 2. ordering investigations into the loyalty of
  federal employees.
• 3. claiming that all liberal Democrats were
  Communist sympathizers
• 4. releasing classified information revealing
  an international Communist conspiracy.

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• AMERICAN Civil Rights - Warren Courts
  - Jackie Robinson Brooklyn Dodgers -
  Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka -
  Little Rock School Desegregation - Civil
  Rights Act Poll Tax

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• AMERICAN Civil Rights - Rosa Parks -
  Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. - March on
  Washington - I have a dream .
  Gandhi .. Mandela . - Birmingham Protests
  - Black Muslims - Malcolm X -
  NAACP - Civil Unrest in Cities
  rioting out of frustration ...

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• AMERICAN Civil Rights - Cesar Chavez
  - NOW Betty Friedan Eleanor
  Roosevelt Nancy Reagan Hillary
  Clinton ERA - Roe v. Wade
  Sandra Day OConnor Geraldine Ferraro
  Female President ?

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• The major goal of the civil rights movement
  of the 1960s was to
• 1. establish a separate political state for
  African Americans
• 2. gain passage of an equal rights amendment to
  the Constitution
• 3. end segregation based on race
• 4. permit unlimited immigration to the United
  States

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Under Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Supreme
Court was considered "activist" because of
its 1. reluctance to overturn state laws 2.
insistence on restricting freedom of speech
to spoken words 3. expansion of individual
rights in criminal cases 4. refusal to
reconsider the issues of the Plessy v.
Ferguson case
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Which generalization can most accurately be drawn
from a study of Supreme Court cases Plessy v.
Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education? 1.
The Supreme Court has issued consistent decisions
in cases involving rights of the accused.
2. Supreme Court decisions are accepted
without public controversy. 3. The Justices
believe that social issues are best left
for state courts to decide. 4. The Supreme
Court has helped to determine public
policy.
109

• AMERICAN Civil Rights - Equal Employment
  Opportunity Act - Title IX -
  Affirmative Action - American Indian
  Movement - American Disability Act - US
  Supreme Court - Clarence Thomas

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• AMERICAN Civil Rights - Escobedo v.
  Illinois - Gideon v. Wainwright -
  Miranda v. Arizona - Baake v. University of
  California - Engle v. Vitale

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• The decisions of the United States Supreme
  Court in Miranda v. Arizona, Gideon v.
  Wainwright, and Escobedo v. Illinois all advanced
  the
• 1. voting rights of minorities
• 2. guarantees of free speech and press
• 3. principle of separation of church and state
• 4. rights of accused persons

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• 1960s JFK (John F. Kennedy) - Cuban
  Missile Crisis - Bay of Pigs Invasion
  - Vietnam - Gulf of Tonkin
  - Space Launches - Peace Corps
  Assassinations JFK
  Dr. Martin Luther King, JR. Bobby
  Kennedy

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• President John F. Kennedy supported the 1961
  Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba as an effort to
  (1) remove a communist dictator from power (2)
  stop the flow of illegal drugs to the
  United States (3) support Fidel Castro's efforts
  for reform (4) rescue hostages held by
  Cuban freedom fighters

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The Alliance for Progress, proposed by President
Kennedy in 1961, can be most accurately called an
added dimension of? 1. the Truman
Doctrine. 2. the League of Nations. 3.
the Point Four Program. 4. the Lend-Lease
Act. 5. the Good Neighbor policy.
115

• 1960s LBJ (Lyndon Johnson) - Vietnam
  Escalation - 500,000 troops -
  drugs - draft - Agent Orange
  Napalm - Vietnam Protests - Kent
  State - 60s Hippie Culture -
  Woodstock - Drugs - Pentagon Papers
  New York Times v. United States

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• 1960s LBJ (Lyndon Johnson) - Great
  Society - War on Poverty -
  VISTA - Neighborhood Youth Corp.
  - / Aid to Elderly -
  Non-discrimination Housing - Voting Rights
  Act of 1960s

117
The Great Society programs of the 1960s used the
power of the Federal Government to bring
about 1. an all-volunteer military 2.
antipoverty reforms 3. deregulation of business
4. reduced defense spending
118

• The Great Society of Lyndon Johnson is most
  similar to which other Presidential program?
• 1. Warren Hardings Return to Normalcy
• 2. Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal
• 3. Ronald Reagans New Federalism
• 4. George Bushs Thousand Points of Light

119

• The Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting
  Rights Act, the Fair Housing Act, and the
  Americans with Disabilities Act were government
  efforts to (1) eliminate restrictions on
  immigration (2) end discrimination against
  various groups (3) provide federal aid for
  children (4) require equal treatment of men
  and woman

120

• 1968 - 1973 Richard Nixon - War Powers
  Act - Paris Peace Accords - détente
  - Ping Pong Diplomacy - Inflation -
  Wage Price Freeze - Man on the Moon -
  Watergate - Impeachment - Nixon v.
  United States

121
"President Nixon Plans Trip to China To Meet with
Chairman Mao""President Carter Signs New Panama
Canal Treaty""President Clinton Concludes Trade
Agreement with Japan"Each headline illustrates
an action of a President fulfilling his role
as 1. head of his political party 3.
chief diplomat 2. Commander in Chief 4.
chief legislator
122
The main significance of the Watergate affair was
that it 1. led to the impeachment and
conviction of President Richard Nixon 2.
showed that the laws of the United States are
superior to the actions of a President 3. was
the first time a President had disagreed
with Congress 4. proved that Presidential
powers are unlimited
123
Which principle was most weakened as a result
of the Watergate controversy? 1.
congressional immunity 2. judicial
review 3. executive privilege 4.
States' Rights
124

• 1970s Gerald Ford - not elected -
  Nixon pardon - economic recession -
  OPEC oil embargo

125

• 1970s Jimmy Carter - Created -
  Department of Education - Department of
  Energy - set aside virgin lands in
  Alaska -- recession - unemployment
  - High Interest rates - oil shortage
  -- Iran Ayatollah Khomeini - oil cut off
  - 52 US hostages for 444 days

126
Which factor contributed most to inflation in the
United States during the 1970s? (1) high
tariffs (2) oil embargoes (3) tax
increases (4) high unemployment
127

• 1980s Ronald Reagan - Conservative Right
  - Strong Foreign Policy build up US
  military - Iran Hostage Crisis
  -- Iran - Contra - Fall of Communism
  - détente nuclear arms reductions -
  Nicaragua - US involvement in Persian Gulf
  beginning - reflaging Kuwait oil tankers

128

• 1980s Ronald Reagan - Conservative Right
  - Domestic Policy - supply economics
  - trickle down economics -
  tax cuts to rich, big business - US
  land sold in West - New Federalism
  - given to States - Federal
  funding cut - education
  - elderly

129

• 1980s Ronald Reagan - Conservative Right
  - Domestic Policy Part II
  Economic Upswing
  Employment Interest rates lowered
  

130

• Ronald Reagans election win in the 1980
  presidential race showed the power of 1.
  liberal, Far Left, democrats2. conservative,
  New Right, republicans3. federalists4.
  isolationists

131
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132
The "supply side" economics of President Ronald
Reagan and President George Bush favored
133

• 1980s/90s George Bush Sr. - Foreign
  Policy - Operation Desert Storm 1990 -
  91 5 weeks - Invasion of
  Panama - Domestic Policy -
  recession - unemployment -
  poverty rate - Government bail out of
  Savings Loans

134
The Korean War and the Persian Gulf War were
similar in that both
135

• 1990s Bill Clinton - Foreign Policy
  - Somalia - Bosnia Kosovo - Haiti
  - NAFTA - Domestic
  Policy - economic upswing
  employment Health Care
  Family Leave Balanced Budget

136

• 1990s Bill Clinton - Downfall / Pitfall
  - Sex Scandal - Arkansas Land Deal

137

• What general theme did Bill Clinton stress
  most consistently in his 1992 presidential
  campaign? 1. equal rights for all
  minorities.2. an immediate freeze of military
  spending.3. the economy.4. health care reform.

138

• 2000 - 2002 George Bush Jr. - Terrorism
  comes home - 9/11 . WTC Pentagon
  - Homeland Defense - Afghanistan
  - Iraq ? Foreign Policy (1st Strike
  Pre emptive) get them before
  they get you

139

• 2000 - 2004 George W. Bush (II) Domestic
  - Unemployment - Gas prices
  - Society. general fear
  anthrax - Growing Federal Budget
  Deficit - School violence bomb
  threats, physical attacks Election of 2004
  November 2, 2004

140
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141
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142

• Problems going into the 21st Century -
  Education - raising standards -
  cost - keeping pace with Technology -
  Housing costs - People living longer
  - Social Security - Medical costs
  - Jobs as people can work more years
  - Racial Harmony - Inner City Crime
  - Pervasiveness among upper class

143

• Problems going into the 21st Century -
  Military costs - Global warming -
  Fresh water supply - Alternative Energy
  sources - Electricity - cost
  - supply enough of it ? ? ? -
  Farmers plight problems - costs
  - to produce - taxes on
  land

144

• Problems going into the 21st Century -
  Terrorism - stereotyping - fear
  general panic - mass media (TV) overkill
  

145

• The growth of modern technology has resulted
  in1. a decrease in the population of the world
  2. increasing interdependence among nations 3.
  a growing need for unskilled labor 4. a sharp
  decline in the need for oil and coal

146
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