NUP Airborne Approach Spacing

1
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
NUP DFS / Lufthansa Simulation Workshops

• Experiences from the NUP-2 Simulation Workshops
• Extended Visual Acquisition (EVA)
• Airborne Approach Spacing (AAS)

• Objectives
• Look and Feel of potential Spacing applications
  for the future Frankfurt approach environment
• Evaluation of the controller acceptance of
  Spacing Applications
• Evaluation of a potential applicability of
  Extended Visual Acquisition (EVA) or Airborne
  Approach Spacing (AAS) in the future Frankfurt
  approach environment

2
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
NUP DFS / Lufthansa Simulation Workshops
Extended Visual Acquisition (EVA)
similar to Visual Separation on Approach (VSA)
3
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Frankfurt Approach Sector Working arrangements
Tasks for the EVA Simulation Session
Performance of EVA procedure
4
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
EVA proposed phraseology
Visual Following Procedure without CDTI
EVA Procedure using CDTI
ControllerLufthansa 123, Traffic to follow is a
Company Airbus 320 in your 12 oclock position,
range 4 nautical miles. Report when aircraft in
sight. Pilot after visual identificationAircraf
t in sight, Lufthansa 123.
ControllerLufthansa 123, Confirm visual
identification of Delta Lima Hotel 234. Pilot
after checking CDTI and visual identificationCon
firm visual Identification of Delta Lima Hotel
234, Lufthansa 123.
Controller Lufthansa 123, maintain own visual
separation to Delta Lima Hotel 234. PilotDelta
Lima Hotel 234 in sight, maintaining own visual
separation, Lufthansa 123
Controller Lufthansa 123, maintain own visual
separation to traffic twelve oclock. 3 miles.
Company A320. PilotTraffic in sight,
maintaining own visual separation, Lufthansa 123.
5
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
EVA proposed phraseology
Visual Following Procedure without CDTI
EVA Procedure using CDTI
ControllerLufthansa 123, Traffic to follow is a
Company Airbus 320 in your 12 oclock position,
range 4 nautical miles. Report when aircraft in
sight. Pilot after visual identificationAircraf
t in sight, Lufthansa 123.
ControllerLufthansa 123, Confirm visual
identification of Delta Lima Hotel 234. Pilot
after checking CDTI and visual identificationCon
firm visual Identification of Delta Lima Hotel
234, Lufthansa 123.
VSA conform Procedure
The participating controllers and pilots do not
support the VSA conform procedure, because it
does not support the requirement for a reduction
of communication workload
ControllerLufthansa 123, Confirm visual
identification of Delta Lima Hotel 234.Pilot
after checking CDTI and visual identificationCon
firm visual Identification of Delta Lima Hotel
234. Range 4 nautical miles, 12 oclock,
Lufthansa 123.
6
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Conclusions from the EVA Workshops
1. The EVA application was highly accepted by the
participating controllers and pilots assuming the
use of the simplified phraseology
Controller Lufthansa 123, maintain own visual
separation to Delta Lima Hotel 234. PilotDelta
Lima Hotel 234 in sight, maintaining own visual
separation, Lufthansa 123

• Third Party Identification via Voice
  Communication is still to be resolved.

• Procedure Mix between EVA (with CDTI) and Visual
  Following Procedure (without CDTI) seems to be
  possible.

7
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
NUP DFS / Lufthansa Simulation Workshops
Airborne Approach Spacing (AAS)
8
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Frankfurt Approach Sector Working arrangements
9
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Spacing Functionality
10
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Phraseology used for the Simulation
Initiation Phase
ATC AZA400, expect spacing with TYR263V A/C
Expect spacing with TYR263V, AZA400
Identification Phase
ATC AZA400, select target TYR263V A/C Select
target TYR263V, AZA400 A/C Target selected,
AZA400
Instruction Phase
ATC AZA400, remain 3 NM behind
target A/C Remain 3 NM behind target, AZA400
11
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Subjective Workload Pick-Up Controller
Initiation Phase
ATC AZA400, expect spacing with TYR263V A/C
Expect spacing with TYR263V, AZA400
Identification Phase
ATC AZA400, select target TYR263V A/C Select
target TYR263V, AZA400 A/C Target selected,
AZA400

• Related tasks of the Pick-Up Controllers
• Sequencing of Aircraft
• (Handling of Sequences)

Instruction Phase
ATC AZA400, remain 3 NM behind
target A/C Remain 3 NM behind target, AZA400
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Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Subjective Workload Pick-Up Controller
Selection of appropriate aircraft (similar
performance) Vectoring of aircraft to the
initial position to initiate Spacing
high voice communication workload during the
Initiation / Identification / Instruction Phases
Conclusion Adding the increasing and the
decreasing effects of the subjective controller
workload, the handling of sequences still
significantly increased the subjective workload
of the Pick-Up Controller
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Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Subjective Workload Feeder Controller

• Related tasks of the Feeder Controller
• Handling of Sequences

14
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Subjective Workload Feeder Controller
Conclusion ? The more aircraft in a sequence
? The higher the Reduction in Workload
15
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Effects First Come - First Serve

• Difficulties to respect the First come - First
  serve principle
• loss of flexibility (evolving gaps cant be used
  any more)

Today alternating aircraft from North /
South Future alternating sequences from North /
South
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Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Effects Time based / Distance based Spacing

• Early speed reductions because of long sequences
  on finalSpeed reduction of the first aircraft
  effects all following aircraft in the sequence
• Distance based Spacing Strong effect
• Time based Spacing Less (but still visible)
  effect

• waste of rare airspace
• non-economic aircraft configuration
  (leaving clean configuration early)

17
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Conclusions from the AAS Workshops

• Effects on Subjective Controller Workload
• Controllers reported
• an increase of subjective workload in cases when
  they had to initiate sequences
• a reduction of subjective workload in cases when
  sequences were transferred to them
• Limitation of Flexibility
• Long Sequences resulted in a limitation of
  flexibility (limitation of the applicability of
  the First Come First Serve principle)
• Distance based Spacing vs. Time based Spacing
• Distance based spacing ? early speed reduction
• Time based spacing ? large spacing distances at
  high speeds

18
Workshop Objectives Extended Visual
Acquisition (EVA) Airborne Approach Spacing
(AAS)
Thank you for your attention
we would be happy to present you more of our
view of the AAS application during the
demonstration session in the evening