Urbanization

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Urbanization
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Mega Cities
PRIMATE CITIES MEXICO CITY 9.8 million
(Guadalajara 1.7 million) BANGKOK 5.9 million
(Chiangmai 278,000) LONDON 6.9 million
(Birmingham 1 million)
MOST MEGACITIES ARE LOCATED IN THIRD WORLD
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Distribution of Cities
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Regional Urban Growth
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Population by City Size
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Urbanization Summary

• MEGA Cities Cities with over 8 million
  population Definitions vary
• Rank Size Rule Hierarchy of Cities
• Primate Cities Cities much larger than other
  cities in country (e.g. Seoul 34 x Pusan)
• Four Country Primacy Index
• FCPI P1 / (P1P2P3P4)

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Third World Urbanization

• Urbanization Level
• Latin America gt Asia gt Africa
• Exception China and India in Asia
• Urbanization Rate
• Africa, Asia gt Latin America

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Urban Growth
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Migration

• Migration components
• Rural to Urban
• Urban to Urban
• Circulators

• Why migrate?
• Lure of big city
• Job opportunities (pull factor)
• Lack of rural opportunities (push factor)

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Why Urbanize?

• Urbanization Economic Growth (?)
• Agglomeration Localization Economies
• Potential Markets
• Exception Africa
• Rural Urban Linkages
• Symbiotic Economic Relationship

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Why not urbanize?

• Is Urbanization Good?
• Urban Bias (Michael Lipton)
• Political and Economic Domination of urban groups
• Lopsided development, more favorable to urban
  areas
• Anti-Urban Policies
• Ujaamization (Tanzania, Julius Nyerere)
• Cultural Revolution (China, Mao Tse-Tung)