Space Environment

1
Space Environment
Dr. Hulya Kirkici Associate Professor Electrical
and Computer Engineering Auburn
University Hulya.kirkici_at_ieee.org B.S. Middle
East Technical University, Ankara M.S. Middle
East Technical University, Ankara Ph.D. Polytechn
ic University, New York, NY, USA
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
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Space Environment
Research Background Lasers and laser
physics Laser systems Plasma Physics (cold
plasmas) Space plasmas Space environmental
affects on orbital vehicles Space power
systems Pulsed power engineering Electrical
insulations in space Dielectrics (in space) and
dielectric breakdown
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
3
Space Environment
Course Outline
Introductions Sun and Solar System Interplanetary
Space Solar Terrestrial and Earth-Moon
Systems Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere Magnetic
field and Magnetosphere Motion of charged
particles Solar wind and interactions Communicatio
n in space environment
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
4
Space Environment
Text Books
Introduction to the Space Environment, by Thomas
F. Tascione Orbit Book Company, 1988 The Space
Environment, by Alan C. Tribble, Princeton
University Press, 1995
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
5
Space Environment
Introduction
Space Environment
Vacuum
Neutral
Plasma
Radiation
Micrometeoroid debris
Interactions
Spacecraft Sub-systems Payloads
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
6
Space Environment
Human curiosity to know the heavens.
Nature of Universe
Isaac Newton gravitational force 250 years
Fist object in space (leaving Earths surface) in
1957
Lunar expiatory 1960s and 1970s
Near Earth space vehicles 1980s and 1990s
Space Shuttle 1980s and today
International Space Station 1990s
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
7
Space Environment
Todays success didnt happen over-night
Many failures
20-30 percent of failures are due to interactions
Need to know more about the space and its
environment to be able to design, build, and
operate more reliable space vehicles, systems
Problems still exist
Recent Shuttle disaster Mars probe failures Other
examples.
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
8
Space Environment
Introduction
Space Environment
Vacuum
Neutral
Plasma
Radiation
Micrometeoroid debris
Interactions
Spacecraft Sub-systems Payloads
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
9
Space Environment
Vacuum understood, no air, or no molecules
Vacuum like
At an altitude of 300 km, pressure is 10E-5
torr Mass density 10E17 per meter-cube
Composed of neutral particles Kinetic
energy chemical interaction
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
10
Space Environment
Plasma
1 of neutral species are ionized Forms plasma
(weakly ionized) Charge particles accelerate gain
energy Collisions among themselves and
spacecraft Charging effects on the vehicle And
more.
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
11
Space Environment
Radiation
Solar wind UV radiation X-ray and gamma rays MeV
energy Penetrate through the skin Radiation
hardening Material Degradation
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
12
Space Environment
Micro-meteorites and Debris
Man-made contamination Dust from Earth's
surface Exhaust debris Interplanetary dust
Kinetic energies High (hyper) velocities 1 gr of
particle with Km/s velocity
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003
13
Space Environment
QUESTIONS?
End of lecture-1
Hulya Kirkici Istanbul Technical University
Lecture-1
September 29,2003