Quiet Product Design Dr. Gary Koopmann, Group Leader

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Quiet Product Design Dr. Gary Koopmann, Group
Leader

• Faculty Affiliates
• Dr. Ashok Belegundu, Dr. Weicheng Chen, Dr.
  Chris Rahn
• Visitor Professor Suming  Xie , Department of
  Mechanical Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong
  University, China
• Highlights
• In Spring 06, Prof. Koopmann and Lee Gorny took
  up residence  at the DLR in Berlin
  GermanyCollaborators  Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Neise
  and Olaf LemkeProject Fluid-excited resonators
  to quasi-actively control the blade tones of a
  turbofan.  SBIR project sponsored by the
  ONR continued with Richard Geiger, VP for
  Research, KCF TechnologiesCollaborators
  Professors Chris Rahn, Gary Koopmann and David
  Kraige Project Applications of Smart Tethers 
• ONR-funded FNC project started with Prof. Chris
  Rahn, Gary Koopmann and Andy Kankey
  Collaborators Prof. David Bradley, Dr. Kyle
  Becker, ARL Project Underwater Threat
  Neutralization Defense of Harbor and Near-Shore
  Naval Infrastrucure.

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Theses Completed/ 2006 Graduations  

• Randy Rozema, M.Engr. Spring 2006Thesis Topic
  Assesssing the Accuracy of Measuring Sound
  Intensity and Sound Power with an Automated
  Moving Probe. Sponsor Emerson Climate
  Technologies Advisor G. Koopmann
• Brian Zellers, Ph.D. Winter 2006Thesis Topic
  An Acoustic Superposition Method for Computing
  Structural Radiation in Spatially Digitized
  Domains. Sponsor Office of Naval Research
• Advisors G. Koopmann and M. Jonson
• David Kraige, MS Engineering, Spring 2007
• Thesis Topic Model-based Algorithm for
  Localization of Tethered Bodies Using Distributed
  Sensors.
• Sponsor KCF Technologies SBIR
• Advisors G.H. Koopmann, Chris Rahn

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Graduate Students and Research Projects in
Progress

• Germain Huang, Ph.D. expected Fall 2007
• Thesis Topic Simulation of Radiation Fields via
  Universal Impedances Functions in Digitized
  Acoustic Domains.
• Sponsor The Graduate Program in
  AcousticsAdvisors G. Koopmann and V. Sparrow
• Lee Gorny,  Ph.D. expected summer 2008
• Thesis Topic The Use of Flow-excited
  Resonators for Quasi-active Control of Blade
  Tones and Their Harmonics.
• Sponsor Applied Research Laboratory EF
  funding
• Advisors G. Koopmann and D. Capone
• Andy Kankey , Ph.D. expected Fall 2008
• Thesis Topic Develop a system level control
  architecture that integrates the detection and
  tracking of an intruder in the complex and
  dynamic underwater environment with sound source
  control agility to keep up with a moving
  target.
• Sponsor Office of Naval ResearchAdvisors
  G. Koopmann and Chris Rahn

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Underwater Threat Neutralization Swimmer Defense
ONR Project with ARL, CAV Dr. Gary Koopmann, Dr.
Chris Rahn Dr. David Bradley, Dr. Kyle Becker ME
PhD Candidate Andrew Kankey ACS MS Student
Michael Zucker
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Motivation Vulnerability of ships in offshore
anchoring sites or within the harbors and ports
throughout the world are targets for small craft,
submersibles and swimmers.

• Increase the technology and understanding of
  lower frequency underwater acoustics.
• Develop means of modeling, simulating and
  controlling underwater acoustic systems.

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Swimmer
dSPACE System
High Frequency Sonar Source
Harbor Acoustic Model
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Harbor Acoustic Model
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Harbor Acoustic Model
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Harbor Acoustic Model
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Harbor Acoustic Model
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Jacksonville Quarry Experimental Venue
Sources
Hydrophones
60m
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Phases for sources were obtained experimentally
to create maximum pressure at the Swimmer
location. This result is a numerical simulation.
Frequency was 250 Hz.
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Theoretical Results, 250 Hz
Theoretical Results, using Experimental Phases
Theoretical Results, using Experimental Phases,
and reflections off of nearest wall
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UAIM will be used to model acoustic of Codding
Cove Harbor (including sources and complex
boundary conditions).
source
Field Nodes
Universal Acoustic Impedance Matrix, Z
(UAIM) pZv
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After generating a digitized, numerical model for
the harbor and its boundaries, the optimal phase
of the sound sources can be calculated which
includes the effects of reflections.
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Future Endeavors

• More Quarry Tests
• Trip to Narraganset Bay (RI) in July
• More work on Numerical Method

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Simulating Acoustic Fields in Digital SpaceUsing
a Universal Impedance Template
Yongsin Hwang, Ph,D. Candidate
Dr. G. Koopmann (Co-advisor) Dr. V. Sparrow
(Co-Advisor) Ph.D. Committee Members Dr. J.
Fahnline Dr. M. Trethewey
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In this new approach, meshed, elemental surfaces
are replaced with points contained within
digitized, cubic acoustic volume
An Acoustic Impedance Template is generated
relating each point to every other point
A vibration of a structure is described simply
by placing velocity sources at points
corresponding to the geometry of the structure
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Example of Universal Acoustic Impedance Matrix to
compute Radiation in Digitized Space
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Example of a 1-D Digitized Volume of Acoustic
Impedance
Line configuration
Cube Volume
Given a velocity, pressure at every point is
obtained from the relationship,
Line conf. result
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UAIM compared to conventional Superposition
method Substantial simplification in computation
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UAIM compared to conventional Superposition
method Substantial simplification in computation
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Superposition by x, y, z components

• A major challenge in UAIM was learning how to
  incorporate surface normal and velocity vectors
  into impedance information before geometry is
  defined.

x component
R
Actual surface undefined
v
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Superposition by x, y, z components
Solution Velocity is always normal to the
surface. In other words, surface normal and
velocity are parallel, and surface normal can be
tailored with velocity at a later step in the
calculation.
x component
R
Component surface
Actual surface
vx
v
where
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Superposition by x, y, z components

• Must input vector form of velocity to tailor
  surface normal in UAIM
• Each of x,y,z components is calculated
  separately, then summed for total pressure

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Transposing Velocity components

• UAIM requires 3 impedance matrices in each x,y,z
  axis.
• Being independent of geometry allows UAIM to use
  single impedance matrix by means of coordinate
  transpose.

4 sources in 2D and resulting pressures
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Preliminary results by UAIM show good agreement
with analytical solutions

• A pulsating cube prescribed with velocity
  distribution as described above on all 6 faces.
• Compared to a sphere of an equal surface area
  radially pulsating at 1 m/s.
• To meet structural dimension, a for sphere is
  diameter instead of typically used radius.

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Preliminary results by UAIM indicate no
singularities due to non-uniqueness
A cube of a side length of 0.4m given a velocity
distribution of a sphere (r 0.1m) pulsating at
1m/s
0.4m
Comparison of power output from pulsating sphere
of radius of 0.1m using 3 different methods
Red line closed from solution Black line
a cube with velocity matching that of a said
sphere using UAIM Blue line a cube with
velocity matching that of a said sphere using
Superposition
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Digitizing Acoustic Space Results in Major
Simplifications for Computing Radiation from
Vibration Surfaces

• Advantages include
• Avoiding singularity in Greens functions
  calculations
• Simplifying definition of surface normals
• Eliminating the non-uniqueness problem
• Eliminating the need to integrate Greens
  function over surface of geometry
• Circumventing the need to invert large matrices
  for every design iteration

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Smart Tether Device for Localization of Tethered
Bodies in Ship Hull Inspection
Tether Length gt Depth

• Sponsor Technical Direction
• ONR Phase II STTR
• Dr. Tom Swean
• NSWC Panama City
• Chuck Bernstein
• Key Personnel
• KCF Technologies
• Jeremy Frank, Presenter
• Richard Geiger
• Penn State University
• Professor Gary Koopmann
• Professor Chris Rahn
• David Kraige
• Status
• Prototype Demonstration in July 2006
• Phase II ? September 2007
• Defining Transition Application
• Ship Hull Inspection

Large Watch Circle Error
Unknown Vehicle Position
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Technical Strategy

• Project Vision
• Develop a new technique for navigation of
  tethered underwater vehicles (crawlers, ROVs,
  UUVs)
• Objectives
• Develop a prototype and demonstrate feasibility
• Develop a functional system for an application
  Ship Hull Inspection
• Advantages
• Refresh rate 10-20 Hz
• Dependability
• Rapid deployment (minutes)
• Unaffected by noise, reflections
• Accuracy (lt 1.5 meters)

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Phase II Prototype DemonstrationNSWC Panama
City, July 2006
Buoy
Float/Radio
Visual Markings
Buoy
Prototype Tether
Float/Radio
MockCrawler
Sensor Node (1)
Test Pond NSWC Panama City
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2006 Phase II Prototype DemonstrationNSWC Panama
City, July
Utility Float w/ Radio
Receiver / Data Processing
User Interface

• KCF Technologies / Penn State
• Professor Chris Rahn
• Professor Gary Koopmann
• David Kraige
• NSWC Panama City
• Chuck Bernstein
• Ed Kloess
• Lee Cofer

Sensor Node on Tether(Lazy Line)
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Graphical Interface and Confidence Indicator
Buoy
Float/Radio
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Experimental Results
Max error 1.0 m (3.3 ft., 5.1 of Tether Length)
Static error lt 0.25 m (1 ft.)
Average error lt 0.4 m (1.3 ft., 2.0 of Tether
Length)
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Generation 2Hardware Implementation
KCF Smart Tether
ROVVideoRay Scout
PATENT PENDING
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Generation 2Hardware Implementation
KCF Smart Tether
ROVVideoRay Scout
PATENT PENDING
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Smart Tether Transition Application- Navigation
for Ship Hull Inspection
PATENT PENDING

• Advantages for HULS
• Refresh rate 10-20 Hz
• Dependability (confidence indicator)
• Rapid deployment (minutes)
• Unaffected by noise
• Accuracy (lt 1.5 meters)
• Robust (magnetic field variance)
• No signature (passive)
• Compatibility

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Upcoming Activities

• Navy Opportunity Forum (Show Tell)
• 7-9 May, 2007
• Transition Assistance Program (TAP)
• Crystal City, VA
• Demonstration
• AUVFest June 2007
• Questions?

Contact KCF Technologies, Inc. State College,
PA 814-867-4097 www.kcftech.com jfrank_at_kcftech.com