3 Main Factors that affect show animal performance

1
3 Main Factors that affect show animal
performance

• 1.) Genetics Inherited performance potential
  the prospect animal has from parents at birth.
  Ex. Growth potential, frame size and muscle
  characteristics, maternal instincts, etc
• 2.) Management Providing feed, water, housing
  and general care to maximize the animals comfort
  and therefore maximize production potential and
  profit.
• 3.) Nutrition Maximizing an animals performance
  through a complete and nutritionally balanced
  feed program.

2
Nutrition Management for Show Lambs and Goats

• Market trends change through out time.

1880
But the basic nutritional requirements of all
livestock have not.
3
Nutrition

• 6 Nutrient Classes essential for proper body
  function-

• Protein-
• Made up of Amino Acids, building blocks of
  complex proteins. Build Structure (frame and
  muscle), repair and regulation
• Body frame and structure

Soybean meal, cottonseed meal, fish meal, corn
gluten meal, whey products, animal protein
products, plant protein products, etc
4
Nutrition

• 6 Nutrient Classes essential for proper body
  function-

2. Carbohydrates Primary function to provide
energy, contribute small amounts to protein and
other nutrients. Fuel for the body and some
structure Corn, barley, oats, milo, grain
by-products, forage products, etc
5
Nutrition

• 6 Nutrient Classes essential for proper body
  function-

• 3. Lipids (fats)
• Only function to provide energy, fatty acids aid
  in skin condition, hair coat 95 fat, allows
  for economically increase the energy density of a
  feed without feeding more bulk .
• Fuel for the body
• liquid vegetable oils, dried fats, animal tallow,
  etc

6
Nutrition

• 6 Nutrient Classes essential for proper body
  function-

• 4. and 5. Vitamins and Minerals
• Vitamins- Regulation of bodily function Vitamin
  A, D, E, K, C, B-Vitamins (Thiamine,
  riboflavin, B12, etc)
• Minerals- Building Stucture (skeletal), body
  repair, function and regulation
  (Calcium, Phosphorus, Sodium, Potassium, Zinc,
  Copper, Manganese, Iron, Selenium,
  Iodine, etc)
• Remember that sheep have a low
  tolerance for copper (max. 25 ppm) but goats
  dont.
• Structural and Regulatory Support

7
Nutrition

• 6 Nutrient Classes essential for proper body
  function-

• 6. Water -
• MOST IMPORTANT nutrient, and most forgotten.
  Involved in the regulation of all bodily
  functions. Makes up largest single component of
  body average 60 in large livestock.
• Effects feed intake, ability to fight stress,
  illness and disease.
• Never with-hold water for more than
  very short periods of time with the exception of
  under a veterinarians instruction and
  supervision.

8
Complete and Balanced
9
How to Pick a Feed

• Species-Cattle, Dairy, Swine, Sheep, Goat, Horse,
  Poultry, Rabbit. For show animals,
  general grain mixes or mixed species feeds may be
  cheaper, but are not specific in nutrients
  (especially vitamins and minerals) for optimum
  growth and production.
• Type of digestive system
• Ruminant Beef and Dairy Cattle, Sheep, Goats.
  They have 4 chambers in digestive tract (rumen,
  reticulum, omasum and abomasum). Primary feed is
  vegetative, plants. High fiber with large
  capacity.
• Non-ruminant (Simple stomach) Swine, dogs,
  fish, and humans. Have one stomach. Limited
  capacity.
• Non-ruminant Herbivore Horses, rabbits,
  guinea pig, hamster Have limited capacity, but
  primary feed is vegetative, plants. Grazing

10
Feeding Show Lambs

• Grower/Finisher For lambs from weaning to
  market weight
• Complete Feed vs
  Concentrate (Grain) Ration
• Complete Feed - Contains grain mix and roughage
  all in one feed. Minimizes need for long stem
  hay.
• 17- 18 crude
  protein, 3.0 4.0 crude fat
• Medicated with Bovatec feed
  efficiency, weight gain, coccidiostat
  
• Feeding Rate Lambs will be eat between 2.5
  to 3 body weight per day, and
  since this is a complete feed, no need to
  separate concentrate and roughage portions.
• For Example a 80 lamb will eat between 2.25
  2.7 pounds complete
  feed per head per day.
• Feed a handful of long stemmed alfalfa or
  grass hay every day for rumen health.
• Feed at least 2 times per day.
• Provide free choice access to a clean, fresh
  water supply and salt at all times.
• Sheep are very salt tolerant and
  will tend to eat dirt, etc.. to get at salt.

11
Feeding Show Lambs

• Grower/Finisher For lambs from weaning to
  market weight
• Complete Feed vs
  Concentrate (Grain) Ration
• Concentrate Feed - Contains grain mix (grain,
  protein, vitamins and minerals) but no roughage.
  Long stemmed or pelleted alfalfa or grass hay
  must be provided also.
• 14 15
  crude protein, 2.50 3.5 crude fat
• 
  Medicated with Deccox (coccidiostat)
  
• Feeding Rate Lambs will be eat between 2.5
  to 3 body weight in total feed per day,
  starting out 2/3 roughage to
  concentrate then shifting to 1/3 roughage to
• concentrate towards the
  finishing.
• For Example a 80 lamb will
  eat an average 2.5 pounds total feed per day.
• For
  growing phase 1.5 roughage to 1 grain ration,
  then very gradually
• 
  increase the grain ration for the finishing
  phase.
• Feed at least 2 times per day.
• Provide free choice access to a clean, fresh
  water supply and salt at all times.
• Sheep are very salt tolerant and
  will tend to eat dirt, etc.. to get at salt.

12
Feeding Show Goats

• Grower/Finisher For kid goats from weaning to
  market weight
• Complete Feed - Contains grain mix and roughage
  all in one feed. Minimizes need for long stem
  hay.
• 17- 18 crude
  protein, 3.0 4.0 crude fat
• Medicated
  with Deccox (coccidiostat)
  
• Feeding Rate Goats will be eat between 2.5
  to 3 body weight per day, and
  since this is a complete feed, no need to
  separate concentrate and roughage portions.
• For Example a 80 goat will eat between 2.25
  2.7 pounds complete
  feed per head per day.
• Feed a handful of long stemmed alfalfa or
  grass hay every day for rumen health.
• Feed at least 2 times per day.
• Provide free choice access to a clean, fresh
  water supply and salt at all times.

13
Feeding Show Lambs and Goats

• Supplements- Feed additives top dressed or mixed
  into primary feed to produce a more specific
  result.
• - Vegetable Oil added to increase energy (fat)
  density of primary feed.
• - Prebiotics and Probiotics addition of
  microbial products to strengthen digestive
  health and balance during times of stress.
• 
  Probios, Manna E, BioMos, Acidifiers
• - Other additives Calf Manna (goats only),
  Beet Pulp, Sumo, Full Tank,
  MEDICATIONS, etc. Be aware of copper limits in
  lambs.
• All of these feeds have specific purposes.
• Using a product by mistake or inappropriately
• can not only be expensive, it can prevent a
  successful project.
• Call your feed store or contact the
  manufacturer for any questions.

14
Metabolic and health Issues in Lambs and Goats

• Worms and Internal Parasites all livestock
  should be wormed when they first arrive, then
  again at 60 days, then 2 weeks before fair. Worm
  every 30 days if going to jackpots where
  re-infection is more probable.
• Enterotoxemia Overeating disease. Lambs and
  kids should have received their initial
  vaccination at days old, then a booster at 21-28
  days. If vaccination has not been given, or if
  you dont know purchase Clostridium perfringens
  C D vaccine from your local feed store or vet,
  and administer as directed.
• Urinary Calculi stones in the urinary tract
  that form primarily in male lambs and
• goats. Caused by feeding a ration that is
  unbalanced and excessive in phosphorus. The
  calcium to phosphorus ratio should be 21.
  Ammonium chloride is added to most show feeds as
  a preventative.
• Coccidiosis also sometimes known as bloody
  scours is a protozoal disease, not viral or
  bacterial. Is an opportunistic disease that
  usually occurs as a secondary infection when the
  immune system is already under challenge.
  Antibiotics are not affective against this
  disease, only coccidiostats such as Decoquinate
  or Amprolium are effective treatments. Can be
  added in the feed, or may be added to water.

15
Medications

• Medications are added to feed for specific
  reasons. Do not assume that if it works in one
  species, it automatically would work in another.
  
• For example Bovatec, works in cattle,
  sheep and goats but is fatal to horses.
• Do not misuse or abuse any medications.
• Do not use in unapproved species. Not only
  is this unlawful, but it is unethical and
  may be causing undo harm to an animal and you
  wont know it.
• Always follow label instruction for proper
  use. Off label use is against the
  law. Dont forget that you are raising food!
• Do not over-dose. Well, it this
  much works this good, more should work
  even better. Not necessarily, some medications
  when over-dosed become harmful, even
  lethal.
• Always check expiration dates on
  medications. Some expired drugs get
  weaker the older they get, but some get stronger
  and even lethal . Even check the dates
  when your at the feed store.
• ALWAYS, ALWAYS, ALWAYS pay attention to
  warning about personal safety when using a
  product.
• 
  

16
Management

• Figuring (ADG) Average Daily Gain needed to make
  fair weight.
• 1. Get accurate start weight of animal. Example
  40 piglett
• 2. Determine finished weight desired at fair
  time. Example 230 pig
• 3. Check calendar and determine how many days
  until fair check in.
• Example 4 months and 8 days
  128 days total
• Calculation 2 parts
• Part 1 Finish weight Start
  weight Total weight needed to gain
• (230) -
  (40) 190 pounds needed to gain
• 
  then
• Part 2 Pounds needed to gain Number
  of day until fair check in Average Daily Gain
  (ADG)
• 190
  128 days 1.48 ADG
• Meaning Your pig needs to gain at a minimum
  1.48 a day until fair to hit the target weight
  of 230.
• Do this exercise regularly!!! 2 3 x per
  month is not too often with animals that may be
  smaller, slower growers or fast growers and easy
  keepers. This will help determine how well your
  animal is growing and will prevent any surprises
  at the check-in scales. It is easier to hold or
  slow down versus pushing hard.

17
Estimating weight without a scale
18
Dana Moore-Young
The Greeley Elevator
Company [phone]
dyoung.greeleyelevator_at_gmail.com