INDUSTRIAL

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INDUSTRIAL SAFETY HEALTH
Presented by MR. AMIR B. MOHAMED CIAST, SHAH
ALAM SELANGOR
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Kemalangan Industri
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KEMALANGAN JALANRAYA MELIBATKAN KERETA DAN LORI
KREN
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Kemalangan Di Pejabat
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ACCIDENT
RESULTS
HIGHER COST LOWER PROFIT
MONEY SPENT FOR ACCIDENT IS NOT LIKE MONEY SPENT
FOR MATERIAL OR WAGES. THERE IS NO RETURN ON
MONEY SPENT FOR ACCIDENT.
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ACCIDENTS-THE CONSEQUENCES
IMMEDIATE DEATH INJURY PAIN DISEASE DAMAGE LOSS F
EAR
SHORT TERM MEDICAL TREATMENT REPAIRS REPLACEMENTS
LOST PRODUCTION INCREASED COSTS DISCIPLINE LOW
MORALE
LONG TERM SUFFERING DISABILITY LOST
INCOME INSURANCE COMPENSATION MISTRUST MISSED
TARGETS PROFITABILITY
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COST OF ACCIDENTS
VICTIM AND DEPENDENTS
Suffering
Effect on sport hobbies
Lost of earning
Continuing disability
Extra expenses
Effect on family
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COST OF ACCIDENTS
SUPERVISOR
Worry
Loss prestige
Recrimination
Report, extra work, training new staff
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COST OF ACCIDENTS
SECTION OR DEPARTMENT
Capacity to produce
Morale
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COST OF ACCIDENTS
FIRM OR ORGANISATION
Loss of earning
Loss in paying in legal action
Compensation
Penalty
Damage to the equipment and materials
Extra insurance premium
Lost of client
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COST OF ACCIDENTS
NATION
Loss of income in a form of income tax
Loss of morale
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ACCIDENT COSTS ICEBERG

• Medical (covering injury, ill health)
• Compensation

INSURED COSTS (1)

• Building damage
• Tool, equipment, material, product damage
• Production delays and interruptions
• Legal expenses
• Expenditure on emergency first aid supplies
• Interim equipment rentals
• Investigation time/clearing site
• Wages paid for time lost
• Costs hiring and/or training replacements
• Overtime working
• Extra supervisor time
• Loss of expertise/experience
• Decreased output of injured worker upon return
• Loss of business and goodwill

THE HIDDEN UNINSURED COSTS (8 36 as much
as insured costs)
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ACCIDENT RATIO STUDIES
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ACCIDENT
AN UNPLANNED EVENT WHICH RESULTS IN
UNACCEPTABLE CONSEQUENCES
AN UNDESIREABLE EVENT WHICH INTERRUPTS NORMAL
ACTIVITY
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ACCIDENT
An unexpected, unplanned event in sequence of
events, that occurs through a combination of
causes. It results in injury or disease to an
individual, damage to property or equipment, a
near-miss, a loss or any combination of these
effects.
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WHY DO ACCIDENTS HAPPEN ?
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WHY DO ACCIDENTS HAPPEN ?
Employers sometimes say that the worker is
CARELESS RECKLESS SILLY ACCIDENT PRONE
STUBBORN INCONSIDERATE IGNORANT
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WHY DO ACCIDENTS HAPPEN ?
Some accidents may be due to human errors. But
the work environment must recognise that the
workers are human and sometimes make mistakes
this must be acknowledged during workplace
design. Employers can improve the workplace so
that stress, fatigue and poor working conditions
do not cause mistakes.
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CAUSE OF ACCIDENT
THE HUMAN FACTOR
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CAUSE OF ACCIDENT
UNSAFE ACTS OF PERSON

• Operating without clearance/failure to secure or
  warn.

• Operating or working at unsafe speed.

• Making safety devices inoperative.

• Using unsafe equipment or equipment unsafely.

• Unsafe loading, placing, mixing, combining, etc.

• Taking unsafe position of posture.

• Working on moving of dangerous equipment.

• Distracting, teasing, abusing, startling,
• etc.

• Failure to use safe attire or personal
• protective devices.

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CAUSE OF ACCIDENT
UNSAFE PHYSICAL CONDITIONS

• Inadequately guarded, guards of improper height,
  strength, mesh, etc.

• Unguarded absence of required guards.

• Defective, rough, sharp, slippery, decayed,
  cracked, etc.

• Unsafely designed machines, tools, etc.

• Unsafely arranged, poor housekeeping,
  congestion, blocked exits, etc.

• Inadequately lighted, sources of glare, etc.

• Inadequately ventilated impure air sources, etc.

• Unsafely clothed, no goggles, gloves, masks,
• wearing high heels, etc.

• Unsafe processes, mechanical, chemical,
• electrical, nuclear, etc.

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CAUSE OF ACCIDENT
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CAUSE OF ACCIDENT
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CAUSE OF ACCIDENT
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ACCIDENT CAUSATION THEORIES
HEINRICH (1930s) Emphasis for prevention on
unsafe acts/condition. Approach can lead to
blaming the worker when management system is at
faults (prone worker approach). FIVE
FACTORS/STAGES IN THE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS 1.
ANCESTRY / SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT. 2. FAULT OF A
PERSON 3. UNSAFE ACTS / CONDITION 4. ACCIDENT 5.
INJURY
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ACCIDENT CAUSATION THEORIES
MULTIPLE CAUSATION THEORY More that one cause to
any accident.
The multicauses is equivalent to the third stage
in the Heinrich theory. Heinrich made reference
to Underlying causes. What were these
cause. Using 5W, 1H.
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THE ACCIDENT HIERARCHY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ROOT CAUSE
WORK ACTIVITIES
OPERATING RULES
VIOLATIONS
MISTAKES
DIRECT CAUSE
ACCIDENTS
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THE ACCIDENT STUDIES
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SAFETY AWARENESS
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SAFETY
Safety is absence of danger. Safety is an
attitude, a frame of mind. It is the awareness
of ones environment and actions, all day,
everyday. To do this does not require genius, a
PhD, or even a title or rank. Safety is knowing
what is going on knowing what can injure anyone
or anything knowing how to prevent that injury
and then acting to prevent it. All it requires is
intelligence and a reasonable amount of native
ability to see, to hear, to smell and to think.
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WHAT IS SAFETY AWARENESS?

• Safety Awareness means
• being able to recognise unsafe practices and
  conditions. It
• requires following safety procedures.
• getting to know all you can about the conditions
  that
• promote safety, including emergency
  response procedures.
• ? signifies you to willingness to take time to
  prevent accident.
• having the right attitude about safety, both
  your own and
• your coworkers safety.
• can help prevent injury, illness and accidental
  damage to
• company property.
• being on the lookout for unsafe practices and
  conditions in
• your work area.

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WHAT IS SAFETY AWARENESS?
Safety Awareness is all about understanding the
need to prevent avoidable accidents and there are
three compelling reasons why every organisation
and every individual MUST accept accident
prevention as vital element of all activity in
the workplace.
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Humanitarian
An accident can lead to a change of lifestyle
that can be for an individual and often for a
whole family.
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Economic
Organisation face loss absenteeism, higher
accident compensation premium Hidden cost of
accidents stopped production, spoilage of
material, damage to plant and equipment,
replacement of staff, training re-training,
re-tooling, re-designing
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• Social Security payments to
• people injured in accidents,
• but not adequately covered
• by other insurance.
• Aid to dependent families
• where income falls below
• a minimum level.
• Payments to legal personnel relating to court
• proceedings.
• Preparation and issuance of laws standards and
• regulations and their administration.

Legal
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SAFETY TIPS
EMPLOYER
S et OSH policy and committee. A llocate budget
for OSH programmed and activities. F ulfill the
need of OSH Legislation. E nsure all employees
understand the related OSH programmed and
activities. T raining for OSH commitment. Y
ield analyses the achievement for improvement.
S A F E T Y
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SAFETY TIPS
EMPLOYEE
S earch all hazards at workplace. A ssess the
potential risk. F ind the control measures. E
xercise and make it habit. T ake part on OSH
programmed and activities. Y ell for commitment.
S A F E T Y
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Sekian Terima Kasih