Title: Balanced Scorecards for Colleges and Universities: Development and Deployment
1Balanced Scorecards for Colleges and
Universities Development and Deployment
2Balanced Scorecards
- Jan W. Lyddon, Ph.D.
- Executive Vice President
- San Jacinto College
3What is a Balanced Scorecard ?
- A measurement system
- Strategic management system, and
- Communication tool
4Why A Balanced Scorecard?
- Increased requirements for accountability
- Keep our eye on whats most important
- Focus especially on major outcomes
5Primary Uses
- Monitoring key items
- Communication of priority areas for action
- Myth busting real results
6What Is It?
- Visual display
- of
- the most important information needed to achieve
one or more objectives - which
- fits entirely on a single screen or sheet
- so it can be
- monitored at a glance.
- Stephen Few, 2006
7 8(No Transcript)
9What is on it?
- Performance Indicators
- From strategic or other plan
- Of key decisions or objectives
- Usually highly aggregated data
- Maximum 15 20
- Called Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
10Kinds of Indicators
- Indicators should be
- A balance of perspectives
- Student perspectives, process perspectives,
learning perspectives are examples - Also called categories
11Kinds of Indicators, contd
- Indicators should be
- A balance of leading and lagging indicators
- Inputs as well as outputs or outcomes measures
12Who uses it?
- Key decision makers
- Monitor regularly
- Key policy makers
- To make informed decisions
- To communicate with external stakeholders
- Internal stakeholders
- To help align their actions with overall purposes
-
13Components of the Indicators
- The actual performance, expressed in numerical
terms - The target, benchmark, or objective
- The difference between actual performance and the
objective - Signal values indicate how far from the objective
or target (best, middle, worst)
14Categories for Indicators
- Four or five categories
- Strategic plan goals, or
- Perspectives, such as
- Stakeholder
- Processes
- Learning and innovation
- Financial
15Examples of Indicators
- Stakeholder
- Student satisfaction
- Student retention and graduation rates
- Community support
- Processes
- Continuous improvement initiatives
- Time required to complete DE
- Efficiency measures (e.g., percentage of seats
filled)
16Examples of Indicators, Contd
- Learning and innovation
- Professional development impacts
- New programs
- Resources
- Enrollment
- Donations
- Budget balance
17Jackson Community College - Balanced Scorecard
18Development Process
- Steps in Building Your Balanced Scorecard
19Development Process
- Identify project partners
- Project champion
- Content provider
- Technology support
20Development Process
- Identify Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
- 15 20 maximum
21Development Process
- Work with process stakeholders
- Refine definitions of data
- Develop methods of display and update
- Ensure their understanding
22Development Process
- Set benchmarks, targets or signal values
- Comparisons with other institutions
- Comparisons with past performance
- Comparisons with goals
23Development Process
- Signal Values
- Three levels
- Best
- Middle
- Worst
24Signal Values Example 1
25Signal Values Example 2
26Establishing Signal Values
- Base them on
- Institutional past performance
- Institutional goals
- Comparisons with other organizations
27Development Process
- Design the display and delivery mechanism
- One screen or one page
- Avoid clutter
- Provide detail by using hyperlinks
- Decide who will have access
28Development Process
- Hyperlinks example
- KPI overall student satisfaction
- Detail student satisfaction with
- academics
- services
29Hyperlinks in Excel
30Development Process
- Usage and updates
- Project champion should monitor frequently
- Other key decision makers should monitor also
- Inform others of how often the data change
- Who should access
- Wide-spread ?? few users
- Help with fear factor
31Benefits of a Scorecard
- Useful in guiding strategic plan development
- One college used its scorecard data to identify
areas where it was consistently below targets. - The Board identified five strategic goals for the
new strategic plan.
32Benefits of a Scorecard, contd
- Increased internal alignment
- Visible targets and performance informs
operational unit and individual plans
33Increased Alignment
34Benefits of a Scorecard, contd
- Establishes a culture of evidence at the college
35Next Steps
- Evaluate and improve some of the measures, such
as those that - Are not a valid measure of what is being done
- Not possible to measure often enough or difficult
to measure - Benchmarks with better measures are available
36Next Steps
- Evaluate and improve some of the measures
- Develop leading indicators
- Measures that indicate progress against a
process or behavior. These measures are helpful
in predicting the future outcome of an
objective. - Balanced Scorecard Collaborative
37Next Steps
- Review the signal values
- Develop more robust targets
- Achieving the Dream database
- National CC Benchmark Project
- IPEDS Peer Analysis System
- State data
- Other professional sources
38Next Steps
- Increase alignment of departmental or unit data
with overall performance indicators - Develop cascading scorecards
39Lessons Learned
- Monitor regularly
- Presidential commitment is crucial
- Be sure measures are balanced
- Align the measures with the plan
- Keep the scorecard display straightforward (Keep
It Simple Straightforward KISS)
40Lessons Learned
- What is measured gets noticed
- What is noticed gets acted on
- What is acted on gets improved
- Dee W. Hook presentation
- Phenomenon of Measurement
41Want to know more?
- Contact me
- Jan W. Lyddon, Ph.D.
- Jan.lyddon_at_sjcd.edu
- Read
- Few, Stephen. 2006. Information Dashboard Design
The Effective Visual Communication of Data.
Sabastopol, CA OReilly Media, Inc. - Kaplan, Robert S. David P. Norton. 1996. The
Balanced Scorecard Translating Strategy Into
Action. Boston Harvard Business School Press. - Niven, Paul R. 2003. Balanced Scorecard
Step-by-Step for Government and Nonprofit
Agencies. Hoboken, NJ John Wiley Sons, Inc.