Transfer

1
Transfer immobilization techniques

• By
• Dr. Mohsen Dashti
• Patient care management 202
• April-16-10

2
Discussion issues

• Body mechanics.
• Moving patients.
• Immobilization techniques.

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Body mechanics

• The point at which the mass of any body is
  centered known as ..

4
Body mechanics

• White Vs. Red muscles
• White muscles
• Muscles that have long white tendons and cross
  two or more joints commonly known as mobility
  muscles.
• Examples the biceps muscle (flex the elbow), the
  hamstring muscle (flex the knee).
• Red muscles
• Muscles that are large expanses of red muscle,
  which provide postural support commonly known as
  stability muscles.
• Examples latissimus dorsi of the back and rectus
  abdominis of the anterior abdomen.

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Body mechanics

• Which muscles should be used?
• Technologists should use white mobility muscles
  for lifting and red postural muscles for support.

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Body mechanics

• Correct body posture when picking up an object
• Bend knees and lower your body. NO waist bending.
• Pull rather than push when applicable.
• Balance your weight and stand close to the
  patient when trying to move him/her.
• Move your body and never twist it when trying to
  turn from one direction to another.
• Floor must be clear of any object and NOT
  slippery.

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Body mechanics
Pick and Support
Place and Relax
Bend Knees
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Moving patients

• What do we need to do prior to even come close to
  the patient???
• Assess the situation and think.
• Things to look for
• Deviations from correct body alignment.
• Limitations and immobility especially with older
  patients. i.e. patients with arthritis or bone
  stiffness.
• The ability to walk.
• Respiratory, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal
  problems.
• Patients strength and overall well-being.

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Moving patients

• When moving the patient
• Only assist and never force the patient to move.
• Transfer to the shortest distance possible.
• Lock wheelchairs and/or wheels on beds prior to
  the move.
• Move patient toward his/her strongest side.
• Avoid slippery floors.
• Always COMMUNICATE with the patient while moving
  him/her.
• Ask to the patient to help you by giving simple
  and understandable commands.

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Methods of moving patients

• By Gurney
• Lock gurney.
• Support head, spine and extremities.
• Seek the help of more than one for
  transportation.
• Use sheet to transfer to examination table.
• Use slide board if its available.

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Methods of moving patients

• By Gurney

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Methods of moving patients

• By Wheelchair
• Instruct patient if movement is possible to use
  upper arm and push to move.
• If not, stand in front of patient with his arms
  wrapped across your shoulders,
• Help the patient to stand and pivot toward
  his/her strong side.
• Bring the wheelchair close to the examination
  table prior to movement.
• Use the stool to assist the patient in moving
  from the wheelchair to the examination table.

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Methods of moving patients

• By Wheelchair

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Immobilization techniques

• What is immobilizer?
• - In some cases, the patient has to be
  immobilized in order to acquire the images.
• -- Patients with involuntary movements.
• -- Uncooperative patients.
• -- Some pediatric patients.
• -- Some geriatric patients.
• -- Some operating theater cases.
• All usage of immobilizers must be approved by the
  chief radiographer or the radiologist prior to
  proceeding.

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Immobilization techniques

• Rules for application of immobilizers
• Patient must be allowed as much mobility as
  possible.
• Regions of immobilization must be padded to avoid
  and prevent injury.
• Normal anatomic position must be maintained.
• Simple immobilization technique must be
  considered first.
• Immobilizer must be easy to remove.
• Blood circulation and respiration must NOT be
  blocked.
• Careful planning must be thought.

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Immobilization techniques

• Types of Immobilizers

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Immobilization techniques

• Special care (Infants)
• Additional safety measures required.
• Ascertain the identity (check identity band).
• Carry normal and small infants with EXTRA
  attention.
• Crib and gurney wheels must be locked.
• Support head, neck and back.
• Hold in horizontal position.

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Immobilization techniques

• Immobilizing
• Should only be considered for anxious or
  frightened children and where safety is not
  guaranteed otherwise.
• Methods
• Sheet Immobilizers
• Effective and easy to fit any child.
• Keeps the two arms safely and completely
  restrained.
• Allows abdomen to remain exposed.

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Immobilization techniques

• Immobilizing
• Mummy-Style Sheet Immobilizers
• Used very often with new born babies in Kuwait.
• Can be used to restrain one or more extremities.
• Commercial Immobilizers
• The Pigg-o-stat used mainly for chest x-rays.
• The Plastic mold with straps to hold the
  extremities.

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Immobilization techniques
21
Sundays gift

• Define the following
• Biomechanics
• Orthostatic hypotension
• Flexion
• Artifact