HAM RADIO

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HAM RADIO
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HAM? WHAT IS IT?

• The pioneer of the HAM were three scientists.
• H HERTZ
• A ARMSTRONG
• M MARCONI

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• HERTZ DEMONSTRATE EXISTANCE OF ELECTRO MAGNETIC
  WAVES
• ARM STRONG DEVELOP RESONANT FREQUENCY
  OSCILLATORS FOR RADIO FREQUENCY
• MARCONIESTABLISH FIRST RADIO CONTACT

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• HAM RADIO IS ALSO KNOWN AS
• AMATEUR RADIO

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What is the difference between HAM radio and
ordinary radio?
?Amateur radio operators are often called "Ham
Radio operators" or simply "Hams". ?Hams are
not allowed to do anything with their radios
that earns them money in any way. ? Ham radio
operators cannot 'broadcast' to the public.
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RADIO TELEGRAPHY

• The International Morse codes
• A ._ J._ _ _ S 1._ _ _ _
• B _... K_._ T_ 2.._ _ _
• C _._. L._.. U.._ 3_ _
• D_.. M_ _ V_ 4._
• E. N_. W._ _ 5..
• F .._. O_ _ _ X_.._ 6_....
• G _ _ . P._ _. Y_._ _ 7_ _...
• H . Q_ _._ Z_ _.. 8_ _ _..
• I .. R ._ . 9_ _ _ _. 0_ _ _ _ _

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USE OF MORSE CODES

• The use of Morse codes at the worst condition of
  weather when voice is not heard properly.
• It is sending as .
• .( dot) and _ (dash) form by Morse keys.

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CALL SIGN

• Call sign is an identification of a station
  issued by authority. The first part of the
  call-sign is known as prefix which indicates the
  country of the license and last part is called
  suffix .

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Example of call sine

• For example one call sign is given below
• VU3HHP VU3 indicates prefix and
• HHP indicates suffix.
• Some important countrys call- sign
• India VU Japan JA-JS
• Sri lanka 4S Germany DA-DR
• Canada VE Italy I
• Pakistan AP Australia VK
• America K,W,N England G
• Russia UA-UZ South africa ZS

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What Hams Do?

• ? Whether one would like to chat with friends to
  discuss topics of a mutual interest, or volunteer
  for emergency services
• ? Talking with friends within the local community
  using a hand-held transceiver on VHF or talk
  internationally using HF radio transmitters.

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What do you mean by 'Amateur Radio Service'?

• 'Amateur Radio Service' is a two-way radio
  communication service available to persons who
  are licensed by the communication authority to
  carry out experimentation in the field of radio
  communication techniques. The Indian Wireless
  Telegraphs (Amateur Service) Rules 1978 defines
  'Amateur Service' as "a service of self training,
  inter-communication and technical investigations
  carried on by amateurs that is, by persons duly
  authorized under these rules interested in radio
  technique solely with a personal aim and without
  pecuniary interest".

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Frequency requirements

• Short wave/High frequencies (HF)
• 1.820 30.000 MHz

VHF (Very High Frequencies) 144-146 MHz
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Radio telegraphy operating procedure

• In radio telegraphy contact using Morse Code is
  still used very affectionately by thousands of
  ham radio operators. They make conversation as
  fluently as they do in voice using Morse code.

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The instruments used for Communication

• HF(1.8MHz to 30MHz)Tranceiver
• VHF(144 to 146 MHz) Transceiver
• Depends on sensitivity of the receivers, it will
  work accurately.
• Half wave dipole antenna mount on the top of the
  roof for maximum signal to noise ratio
• The transmission done through Ionosphere

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SSB TRANSMITTER
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SUPER HETERODYNE RECEIVER
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The Role of Ionosphere in Radio Wave Propagation

• Long distance propagation of radio waves depends
  on an invisible layer of charged particles, which
  envelops the Earth. This layer of charged
  particles known as the ionosphere has been in
  existence for millions of years.

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HAM RADIO PARADISE LIKE
PARADISE

• Propagation
• Attenuation
• Radiation
• Amplification
• Detection
• Interference
• Sensitive
• Efficient

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Q CODES

• The Q codes consists of three letters starting
  with the letter Q.
• Q codes are facilitate faster communication in
  Morse code.
• Instead of sending a long sentence, the amateur
  radio operator can just send a combination of
  three letters to represent a long sentence.

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Examples of some Q codes

• QRA? What is the name of your
• station?
• QRH? Does my frequency vary?
• QRL? Are you busy?
• QTH? What is your position in
• latitude and longitude?

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Phonetics used by amateur radio operators

• If we listen to a two way amateur wireless
  conversation for the first time in our life, we
  could come across certain words , which perhaps
  never heard before!
• It is also useful when calling distant station or
  the band is crowded.

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Examples of Phonetics

• A ALPHA K KILO
• B BRAVO L LIMA
• C CHARLIE M MIKE
• D DELTA N NOVEMBER
• E ECHO O OSCAR
• F FOXTROT P PAPA
• G GOLF Q QUEBEC
• H HOTEL R ROMEO
• I INDIA S SIERRA
• J JULIET T TANGO

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Examples of Phonetics

• U UNIFORM
• V VICTOR
• W WHISKEY
• X X-RAY
• Y YANKEE
• Z ZULU
• FOR THE CALL SIGN VU3HHP , IT IS VICTOR UNIFORM
  THREE HOTEL HOTEL PAPA

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PHOTO OF INSTRUMENT
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CONCLUSION

• HAM RADIO IS JUST A HOBBY TO MAKE CONVERSATION
  FOR A LONG TIME .
• IT IS ALSO USEFUL TO SAVE LIVES AT THE TIME OF
  DISASTER PROBLEMS.

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REFERENCES

• A HAND BOOK BY GUJARAT INSTITUTE OF AMATEUR RADIO

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THANK YOU