Mobile IP

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Mobile IP BY Gaurav Dawra
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• Mobile IP stands for Mobile Internet Protocol
• A wireless connection to the Internet
• Designed to support host mobility
• Stay connected regardless of location without
  changing IP address

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Mobile Node A node/device that changes its
point of attachment to the Internet Home
Agent A router in the home network that
communicates with the mobile node Foreign
Agent A router in a foreign network that
delivers information between mobile node and its
home agent Care-of-Address Mobile Nodes
current IP address when NOT at home network
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Agent advertisement The procedure by which a
mobility agent becomes known to the
mobile node. Correspondent Node
Node/device that is communicating with the
mobile node. Foreign network The network to
which the mobile node is attached when it is not
attached to its home network. Registration The
process by which the mobile node informs the
home agent about its current care-of address.
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• Each mobile node has two IP addresses
• - Permanent home address
• - Care-of Address
• Home Agent maintains a mobility binding table

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• Foreign Agents contains a visitor list

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• Agent Discovery
• Mobility agents advertise their presence by
  periodically broadcasting Agent Advertisement
  messages.
• The mobile node receives the Agent Advertisement
  message and determines whether it is on the home
  network or a foreign network.

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• What will happen when the mobile node wants to
  register with the foreign agent?
• Mobile node sends a registration request message
  to the foreign agent
• Foreign agent then sends a registration request
  message to the home agent
• Home agent updates the mobility binding table
  and send an acknowledgement back to the
  foreign agent
• Foreign agent then updates the visitor list and
  send an acknowledgement back to the mobile node

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REGISTRATION
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What will happen when a packet is sent to the
mobile node that is not attached to its home
network?

• Home agent forwards the packet to the care-of
  address of the mobile node using the binding
  table
• Encapsulation
• - Home agent constructs new IP header with
  care-of address
• - Original IP address in payload
• (IP-in-IP Tunneling)

• Foreign agent
• - Restores the original IP address from the
  payload
• - Foreign agent consults the visitor list for
  mobile node. Packets is then forward to the
  mobile node through the media address

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In service Tunneling IP-within-IP
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DEREGISTRATION
By sending Registration Request with lifetime Set
to ZERO
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• What will happen when mobile node tries to send a
  packet?
• Packets are sent to the foreign agent.
• Foreign agent sends the packets using normal IP
  routing.

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Mobile IP protocol, IP packets destined to a
mobile node that is outside its home network are
routed through the home agent. Packets from the
mobile node to the correspondent nodes are routed
directly TRAINGLE ROUTING
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• TRAINGLE ROUTING Inefficient
• When the correspondent Node and the mobile Node
  are in the same network.
• The messages will experience unnecessary delay
  since they have to be first routed to the home
  agent that resides in the home network.
• Can be Optimized using Route Optimization
• Update Binding Caches
• Managing Smooth handoffs b/t Foreign Agents
• Acquiring Registration keys
• Using Special tunnels

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Mobility Support in IPv6 http//citeseer.nj.nec.co
m/context/389508/0 Security Issues with Mobile
IP
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• Mobile IP has no geographical limitation
• No need to change current IP address format or
  router implementation
• Mobile IP enables mobile connection to network
• The future is wireless!!.....

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• Charles Perkins. Mobile Networking Through Mobile
  IP. http//www.computer.org/internet/v2n1/perkins
  .htm
• Chen Yi-an. A Survey Paper on Mobile IP.
  http//www.cis.ohio-state.edu/jain/cis788-95/mobi
  le_ip
• Debalina Ghosh. Mobile IP Connecting the World.
  http//www.acm.org/crossroads/xrds7-2/mobileip.htm
  l

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Thank You