Hepatocellular carcinoma: From bedside to proteomics

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Hepatocellular carcinomaFrom bedside to
proteomics

• Proteomics 2001, 1, 12491263
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Contents

• 1 Introduction
• 2 Hepatocellular carcinoma clinical aspects
• 2.1 Occurrence and distribution
• 2.2 Aetiological factors
• 2.3 Screening and diagnosis
• 2.4 Treatment and prevention
• 3 Hepatocellular carcinoma proteomics
• 3.1 Early work
• 3.2 Proteome analysis of HCC
• 3.3 Protein database of hepatocellular carcinoma
• 4 Concluding remarks

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1. Introduction

• Proteomics the study of the proteome, which is
  the total protein complement of a genome.
• The disease that has been studied most widely by
  proteomics is cancer.
• In this paper, we review recent progress made in
  the study of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

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2 Hepatocellular carcinoma clinical aspects

• 2.1 Epidemiology
• Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the most common
  primary cancer of the liver in Africa and Asia.
• HCC is four to eight times more common in males
  than in females.
• HCCs occurrence increases progressively with age.

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2.2 Aetiological factors

• Hepatitis B virus (70)
• Hepatitis C virus (20)
• Aflatoxins
• Liver cirrhosis(90) -gt HCC
• Others

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2.3 Screening and diagnosis

• Ultrasound scan of the liver to detect for the
  presence of tumor nodule(s)
• Measurement of the serum tumor marker
  a-feto-protein(AFP)- gt500ng/ml
• AFP, serum ferritin, ?-glutamyltranspeptidase
  isozyme, alkaline phosphatase, des- ?-carboxy
  prothrombin, a-1-antitrypsin, aldolase A,
  a-1-fucosidase

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2.4 Treatment and prevention

• Treatment
• Surgery- liver resection or liver transplantation
• Systemic chemotherapy, selective internal
  irradiation with yittrium-90
• -gt can only palliate but not cure the disease.
• Prevention
• Reducing and removing environmental carcinogens
• The use of Interferon(IFN) alone or in
  combination antiviral agents (HBV or HCV chronic
  infection)

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3 Hepatocellular carcinoma proteomics

• Proteome analysis of liver proteins
• -gt to understand better the underlying process of
  hepatocarcinogenesis
• 3.1 Hepatoma cell lines
• (HepG2, Huh-7, FOCUS, SK-Hep1, Chang, WRL-68,
  BEL7404, L-2, and HCC-M)
• -gt analysed and compared the 2DE maps

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• cDNA microarray analysis of hepatoma cell lines
• Human liver tumor tissue
• Hepatic stellate cells
• -gt play an important role in the development
  of liver fibrosis.
• Protein database of hepatocellular carcinoma
• -gt One of the major goals of proteomics is to
  establish a protein database for tissue, cell or
  model organism
• -gt SWISS-2DPAGE database

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4 Concluding remarks

• One of the major goals of proteomics is to
  establish a protein database for tissue, cell or
  model organism
• The screening for novel diagnostic markers for
  early detection and therapeutic targets for
  treatment of HCC
• New technology (ICAT, protein chip)

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Flowchart of the integrated Approach utilised in
the proteomics analysis of the HCC-M cell line.
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Analytical 2-DE map of the HCC-M
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Novel HCC-1 protein
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Early stage
Tumorous tissue
Advanced stage
Normal tissue
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