Altacor

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Altacor WG Insecticide(DPX-E2Y45) Introducing
a Novel Anthranilic Diamide Insecticide from
DuPont

• Daniel W. Sherrod
• DuPont Crop Protection Memphis Market Center
  Memphis, TN 38017

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• Code DPX-E2Y45
• Common Name Chlorantraniliprole (ISO) -
  RynaxypyrTM
• CAS 3-Bromo-N-4-chloro-2-methyl-6- (methyla
  mino)carbonylphenyl-1-
• (3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-1H-pyrazole-5- carboxa
  mide
• Chemical Structure

• Empirical Formula C18H14BrCl2N5O2
• Molecular Weight 483.15 g/mole

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Activates Insect Ryanodine Receptors

• Rynaxypyr and related anthranilic diamides
  stimulate release of Ca2 stores
• Rynaxypyr is selective for ryanodine receptors
• Insecticidal activity is highly correlated with
  Ca2 store release

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Does Not Impact Commercialized Targets
Targets Below Reflect MoA for gt 90 of Commercial
Insecticides
Excitatory Neuron
Muscle
OPs Carbamates
Mitochondrial Insecticides
AChE
Neonicotinoids Spinosad
M
Glut
ACh
Cyclodienes Fipronil
Na/K channels
GABA
M
Motor Neuron
Insect Neuromuscular Signaling Pathway
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What is the Ryanodine Receptor (RyR)?
Ryanodine (Natural Plant Toxin)

• Calcium channel
• Regulates release of stored calcium
• Critical for muscle contraction
• Complex includes accessory proteins
• Previously, no synthetic RyR agents known with
  insecticidal properties

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Insect Poisoning Symptoms

• Rapidly Affects Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle
• Rapid feeding cessation
• General lethargy
• Partial paralysis
• Regurgitation

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Resistance Management Baseline Susceptibility

• Heliothines
• Australia, Brazil, India, Spain, USA
• Spodoptera spp.
• Brazil, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Spain,
  Thailand, USA, Vietnam

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Effects of DPX-E2Y45 in the Environment
Bees

• Negligible risk in field studies

Non-target Insects

• T1 Negligible toxicity to standard species
  (mites, parasitoids) Chrysoperla, Orius
• T2 to T4 Safety to predatory larvae of
  Coccinellids and Episyrphus

Birds and Mammals

• Negligible risk

• Surface water

• Fish Negligible risk
• Algae Negligible risk
• Aquatic Inverts
• High acute toxicity
• Moderate chronic toxicity

Soil
Plants

• Earthworms Negligible risk
• Soil Micro Negligible risk

• Negligible risk
• No/low transport to flowering parts

• Sediment

• Chironomus Negligible to moderate risk

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Mammalian Toxicity

• E2Y45 exhibits a remarkably favorable toxicity
  profile
• Little or no toxicological effects have been
  observed following single doses as high as 5000
  mg/kg bw and following repeat doses as high as
  1500 mg/kg bw/day
• The low toxicity of this product combined with
  low use rates provide large margins of safety for
  consumers and workers

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E2Y45 Mammalian Toxicology

• Lack of adverse effects for the following
  endpoints
• Acute oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity
• Skin and eye irritation skin sensitization
• Genotoxicity in vitro and in vivo
• Subacute and subchronic toxicity in rats, mice,
  and dogs
• Reproductive and developmental toxicity
• Neurotoxicity
• Immunotoxicity
• Chronic toxicity after 1 year in dogs
• Chronic toxicity after 1 and 2 years in rats
• Oncogenicity after 2 years in rats and 18 months
  in mice

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Rynaxypyr Exhibits Insect Receptor Selectivity
Insect Receptor Single isoform Mammalian
Receptor RyR1 skeletal RyR2
cardiac RyR3 non-specific
Cell Line Source Expressed
Isoforms PC12 Rat RyR2 RyR1 C2C12 Mouse RyR1
RyR3 IMR32 Human Not Defined
Normalized Response ( of max)
RynaxypyrTM Concentration (log M)
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Selectivity to Beneficial Arthropods
ORDER FAMILY SPECIES RATE (g ai/Ha) RATE (g ai/Ha)
Neuroptera Chrysopidae Chrysoperla carnea 25-100  
    Mallada signatus 30-60  
Coleoptera Coccinellidae Hippodamia sp. 25  
    Hippodamia variegatta 30  
    Harmonia axyridis 50-100  
Hemiptera Nabidae Nabis kimbergii 30  
  Anthrocoridae Orius insidiosus 50  
    Anthocoris nemoralis 60  
  Lygaeidae Geocoris punctipes 50  
Acari Phytoseiidae Amblyseius herbicolus 100  
    Euseius citrifolius 100  
    Iphiseiodes zulugai 100  
    Typhlodromus occidentalis 50-100  
Hymenoptera Trichogrammatidae Trichogramma pretiosum 60  
    Trichogramma chilonis 33  
  Braconidae Bracon hebetor 50  
    Dolichogidea tasmanica 30-60  
  Encyrtidae Ageniaspis citricola 50  
  Aphelinidae Aphelinus mali 30-60  
no impact, (0-30 mortality) (Ratings according to IOBC/ WPRS Working Group, Hassan et al. 1988). no impact, (0-30 mortality) (Ratings according to IOBC/ WPRS Working Group, Hassan et al. 1988). no impact, (0-30 mortality) (Ratings according to IOBC/ WPRS Working Group, Hassan et al. 1988). no impact, (0-30 mortality) (Ratings according to IOBC/ WPRS Working Group, Hassan et al. 1988). no impact, (0-30 mortality) (Ratings according to IOBC/ WPRS Working Group, Hassan et al. 1988).
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Pest Spectrum Lepidoptera

• Noctuidae
• Heliothines (bollworms, budworms), Earias spp.
  (bollworms)
• Spodoptera spp. (armyworms), Agrotis (cutworms)
• Pseudoplusia, Trichoplusia (loopers)
• Alabama argillaceae (leaf worms)
• Tortricidae
• Argytotaenia, Choristoneura (leafrollers)
• Carposina,Cydia,Grapholita (fruit moths), Lobesia
  (berry moths)
• Crambidae
• Chilo (stem borers), Ostrinia (corn borers)
• Hellula (cabbage worms)
• Lerodea (leaf folders)
• Leucinodes, Neoleucinodes (fruit borers)
• Gelechiidae, Pieridae, Plutellidae
• Anarsia (twig borers), Tuta, Keiferia (pin worms)
  
• Pieris (whites, sulfur)
• Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth)
• Gracillariidae
• Phyllonorycter, Phyllocnistis (leafminers)

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Formulations

• 20 SC
• 200 g/L suspension concentrate
• 1.667 lb ai/gal suspension concentrate
• CoragenTM
• 35 WG
• 35 water dispersible granule
• AltacorTM
• Formulation Studies
• Excellent compatibility with other
  insecticides/fungicides
• Excellent spray tank clean-out properties
• Excellent mixing and handling characteristics

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Product Attributes

• Excellent plant protection on a broad spectrum of
  Lepidoptera and other key pest species, effective
  at low rates of application
• Long-lasting protection and rainfast
• Excellent fit in IPM IRM programs
• Controls insecticide-resistant strains
• Low toxicity to wildlife such as birds, fish, and
  mammals

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DuPont Rynaxypyr
Biological Attributes of A Novel Anthranilic
Diamide Insecticide in a New Class of Potent and
Selective Ryanodine Receptor Agonists

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DuPont RynaxypyrTM Rapid Feeding Cessation


Time to feeding cessation (minutes) of S. exigua
3rd instar larvae exposed to dry insecticide
residues on treated tomato leaves

• RynaxypyrTM acts very fast! In this experiment,
  RynaxypyrTM was signifincalty faster to stop S.
  exigua larval feeding than Emamectin Benzoate and
  Methoxyfenozide

Data P. Marçon G. Hannig, Delaware, USA
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DuPont RynaxypyrTM Exceptional Crop Protection
Photos P. Marçon, Delaware, USA
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DuPont RynaxypyrTM High Insecticidal Potency
Comparative Insecticidal Potency of RynaxypyrTM
vs. Commercial Standards against Cydia pomonella
neonate larvae (exposure by Ingestion)

• RynaxypyrTM is one order of magnitude more potent
  against Cydia pomonella, when compared to
  commonly used commercial standards

Data J. L. Rison et. al., Nambsheim, France
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DuPont RynaxypyrTM Ovi-Larvicidal Activity
Anticarsia gemmatalis eggs
Eggs treated with RynaxypyrTM
Intoxicated Neonate attempting to get out of the
egg
Dead Neonate does not complete eclosion

• RynaxypyrTM has excellent ovi-larvicidal activity
• RynaxypyrTM is a potent larvicide and will
  control neonates as they ingest the corion to
  eclode from the egg

Photos M. Lima, São Paulo, Brazil
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COTTON RESCUE APPLICATION

• Heliothine populations were allowed to hatch and
  develop into populations ranging in age up to 3-6
  day old larvae prior to application. Key
  learning's center on the 3 to 5 and 6 to 8 DAT
  evaluations to determine the knockdown effects of
  E2Y45 on an established population of
  Heliothines.
• Evaluations at 3 to 5 DAT had significant
  terminal damage with all treatments due to the
  delay in application. E2Y45 at 0.066 and 0.088
  lb ai/ac resulted in similar protection with a
  significant reduction in terminal damage observed
  by 6 to 8 DAT.
• Reduction in square damage ranged from 85 to 90
  for all rates of E2Y45 at 6 to 8 DAT. Overall,
  less terminal, square, and boll damage was
  observed with E2Y versus Tracer when used in a
  rescue situation.

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COTTON RESCUE APPLICATION

• Yields of lint/ac with E2Y at 0.066 and 0.088 lb
  ai/ac (2 trials) were 210 to 290 lbs greater than
  Tracer and 520 to 600 lbs greater than the UTC.
• This data supports excellent knockdown control
  with E2Y45 at the 0.066 and 0.088 lb ai/ac rates.

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COTTON RESIDUAL CONTROL

• 3 - 4 DAT E2Y45 at rates of 0.066 and 0.088 lb
  ai/ac were equal in performance and provided good
  to excellent insect control and damage reduction
  ratings. Efficacy was slightly lower with the
  0.044 lbai/ac rate of E2Y45 which performed
  similar to the standard, Tracer.
• 7 DAT control of live larvae in the terminals
  and squares was excellent with E2Y45 at 0.088 lb
  ai/ac. Reduction in terminal and square
  damage was similar with all rates of E2Y45 at 7
  DAT. Overall, E2Y45 performance exceeded that of
  Tracer at this evaluation period.

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COTTON RESIDUAL CONTROL

• 10-11 DAT E2Y45 at 0.088 lb ai/ac continued to
  provide good control of terminal larvae (83) and
  excellent control of square larvae (93).
  Control of square larvae was similar between the
  0.088 and 0.066 lbai/ac rates with both exceeding
  0.044 lbai/ac. Reduction in terminal and square
  damage was similar with all rates of E2Y45 at 7
  DAT. Overall, E2Y45 performance exceeded that of
  Tracer at this evaluation period.
• 14-17 DAT E2Y45 at 0.088 lb ai/ac provided the
  highest level of insect control and fruit
  protection. Overall performance declined with
  the 0.066 and 0.044 lbai/ac rates of E2Y45.
  Tracer performance dropped significantly.

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COTTON HELIOTHINE CONTROL

• E2Y45 at 0.044 lbai/ac provides insect control
  and plant protection equivalent to, to slightly
  better than Tracer. At 0.044 lbaia/c, the
  residual control seems greater than Tracer and a
  trend is present for better yields.
• Limited data is available comparing E2Y45 at
  0.066 lbai/ac to Tracer (3 trials). Data
  supports better performance versus Tracer at this
  rate.
• E2Y45 at 0.088 lbai/ac provides significantly
  greater insect control, plant protection and
  offers longer residual when compared to Tracer at
  0.067 lbai/ac. In nine trials with direct
  comparisons, the average yield increase with this
  rate is 57 which is 17 greater than Tracers
  average.

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COTTON HELIOTHINE CONTROL

• When compared to BG II, 0.088 lbai/ac of E2Y45
  provides equivalent insect control and fruit
  protection and has averaged 8 more yield versus
  BG II.
• Limited data collected in 2004 for the 0.066
  lbai/ac rate of E2Y45 (1-2 data points per
  evaluation) supported insect control and damage
  ratings slightly less than BG II. The 0.044
  lbai/ac rate of E2Y45 did not provide control
  equivalent to BG II.

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DuPont RynaxypyrTM Rainfastness and Residual
Activity

• RynaxypyrTM shows robust rainfastness and
  residual activity, characteristics which are
  explained by fundamental biological attributes
• Potent insecticidal activity
• Translaminar movement
• Rapid feeding cessation
• Exceptional crop protection

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DuPont RynaxypyrTM In a nutshell .

• Favorable Toxicological and Eco-toxicological
  profile
• Effective and Long-lasting
• Crop and Yield protection
• Broad Spectrum
• Novel mode of action
• Excellent crop safety
• Soft on beneficial arthropods
• Excellent fit into IPM and IRM Programs

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Acknowledgments

• Fred Marmor
• Paula Marcon
• Clifton Brister
• Jay Ellis
• Dennis Goldsberry

• Stanley Royal
• Sue Rick
• Glenn Hammes
• J. Dan Smith
• Dickie Edmund
• Eric Castner
• Charlie Grymes
• Danny Tamayo
• Hugo Ramirez
• Wayne Steele
• C. Steve Williams

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THANK YOU!