The Cardiovascular System

1
The Cardiovascular System

• Circulation pumping of blood through the entire
  body by the heart.

2
The Cardiovascular System (cont

• The Heart
• Covered by the pericardium.
• Has two sides with two chambers.
• Blood flows through the heart in one direction.
• Valves control the blood flow.
• The cardiac conduction system controls the
  electrical impulses that cause the heart to
  contract.

3
The Cardiovascular System (cont.)

• The Heart (cont.)
• Bicuspid (mitral) valve.
• Tricuspid valve.
• Pulmonary valve.
• Aortic valve.

4
The Cardiovascular System (cont.)

• Circulation
• Coronary circulation the circulation of blood
  within the heart.
• Pulmonary circulation the flow of blood between
  the heart and lungs.
• Systemic circulation the flow of blood between
  the heart and the cells of the body.

5
The Cardiovascular System (cont.)

• Blood
• Complex mixture of cells, water, and various
  proteins and sugars.
• Fifty-five percent is plasma (liquid).
• Forty-five percent is solid.

6
The Cardiovascular System (cont.)

• Blood (cont.)
• Hematocrit measurement of percentage of red
  blood cells.
• Leukocytes 5 types of white blood cells protect
  against disease.
• Basophils.
• Eosinophils.
• Neutrophils.
• Lymphocytes.
• Monocytes.

7
The Cardiovascular System (cont.)

• Blood Types
• Common blood types are O, A, B, and AB.
• Rh-factor is a type of antigen that causes the
  body to produce antibodies.
• Rh means the Rh factor is present.
• Rh means the Rh factor is not present.

8
The Cardiovascular System (cont.)

• Diseases and Disorders
• Hypertension.
• Stroke.
• Arteriosclerosis.
• Aneurysm.
• Coronary artery disease (CAD).
• Heart attack.
• Congestive heart failure (CHF).
• Anemia, hemophilia, and leukemia.