Diversity in the World of Math, Science and Engineering

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Chancellors Conference
• University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• American Institutions in a Demographically
  Changing World
• James H. Johnson, Jr.
• Howard University
• April 10-11, 2001

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Howard University
• Founded in 1867
• Named for General Oliver Otis Howard
• First Students
• Freed slaves
• White women
• Native Americans

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Dimensions of Diversity
• Age
• Ethnicity, gender
• Physical abilities/qualities, race
• Sexual orientation, educational background
• Geographic location, income, marital status
• Military experience, parental status, religion
• Work experience and job classification

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Three Postulates to Embracing Diversity
• Education shapes the minds of young people
• An ideal workforce is inclusive and diverse
• Diversity increases productivity

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Unequals
• Affirmative Action eliminates present effects
  of past discrimination
• Equal Opportunity ensures equal access to jobs,
  housing, etc.
• Diversity maximizes the potential of all,
  therefore exploits our self interest

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• The Past
• The Present
• The Future

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Percent in population
• All SE degrees
• Science degrees minus biological and social
  sciences and psychology
• Engineering degrees only

• ----------------------------------------
• Science and Engineering Indicators-1996, National
  Science Board, NSF 1996
• Women and Minorities and Persons with
  Disabilities in Science and Engineering1998, NSF
  99-87

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Strategies to Increase Minority Engineering
  Graduates
• Pre-college summer and evening programs
• Rising freshmen bridge programs
• Teacher training programs

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Lessons Learned from the Past
• Importance of K-12 math and science education
• Need for role models
• Money is important for minorities to go to college

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• K-12 Outreach Organizations
• ACE
• METCON MESA FUTURE Cities
• SECME JETS
• NACME FIRST

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• The Past
• The Present
• The Future

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Science and Engineering Degrees to Minorities
• Degree type Percent of Degrees Awarded
• 1989 1997
• Bachelor 10 15
• Doctorate 5 7
• Scientist and Engineers for the New Millennium
  Renewing the Human Resources, Alfred P. Sloan
  Foundation, March 2001

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• If necessity is the mother of invention, then
• collaboration may well be the mother
• of diversity

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Elements of the UMBC Meyerhoff Scholarship
  Program
• Using the smartest science and humanities faculty
  to work with the students
• Keeping the program at the core of the university
• Thinking about how they teach first-year students
• Working in groups
• Mentoring
• Improving by analyzing successes and failures

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• National Assessment of Educational Programs Math
• Percent at or above proficiency level at Given
  Grade Level
• 4th 8th 12th
• White 28 31 20
• African American 5 4 4
• Hispanic 8 9 6
• American Indian 8 13 3
• Upping the Numbers Using Research-Based
  Decision-Making to Increase the Diversity in the
  Quantitative Disciplines by P. Campbell, E.
  Jollard and L. Hoey. A Report Commissioned by the
  GE Fund, July 2001.

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• The Georgia Tech Model to Increase of
  Engineering Graduates
• K-12 EMERGE schools faith- based
  institutions technology
• B.S. Dual Degree Programs
• M.S./PhD. FOCUS importance of graduate
  education

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• The Past
• The Present
• The Future

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Math, Science and Engineering New Workers via
  Parity
• Current Level of Workforce
  of Pop New jobs
• White Woman 340,300 13.3 37.2 611,516
• African Americans 85,200 3.3 12.1 227,200
• Hispanic 78,100 3.0 11.0 208,266
• American Indian 5,900 0.2 0.7 14,750
• gt1,000,000
• NSF,2000, Appendix Table 5-3

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Women are less likely than men to select MSE
  majors, while African Americans and Hispanics are
  less likely to have the prerequisites to enroll
  in MSE major.

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Diversity Planning Principles
• Accountability
• Inclusiveness
• Shared responsibility
• Evaluation
• Institutionalization
• Diversity Blueprint A Planning Model for
  Colleges and Universities, Association of
  American Colleges and Universities, 1998

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Steven B. Sample, President of the University of
  Southern California writes,
• the advantages of real diversity are usually
  worth the pain and costs involved.organizations
  that contain a wide variety of people working
  together toward a common goal are much tougher
  and resilient.

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Closing Remarks

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Diversity Gordians Knot
• Immigration quotas
• Legal challenges to affirmative action to
  increase diversity
• Best methods for attracting and educating the
  minority and women pools to enter MSE programs
• Forecasts for demand and supply in MSE
  disciplines

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Future Questions for Us to Resolve
• How do we encourage the belief in all that MSE
  are important endeavors?
• What pedagogical changes are required?
• What barriers outside of the K-12 classroom do we
  need to remove?
• How can institutions of higher education foster
  open, truly caring environments?
• How can we get and keep role models in higher
  education in the MSE disciplines?

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• CLOSING REMARKS
• Higher Education must support the educational
  requirements of all students
• Higher Education must teach all students about
  MSE
• Higher Education must prepare K-12 teachers to
  teach MSE
• Higher Education must embrace all students
  pursuing MSE degrees

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Diversity in the World of Math, Science and
Engineering

• Thank You