Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
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Personal Protective Equipment

• Provide a barrier between you and the chemical
• Chemical Protective Equipment (CPE)
• Level A - vapor w/SCBA (encapsulating suits)
• Level B - splash w/SCBA (cover skin)
• Level C - splash w/APR (MMRS Program)
• Level D - normal work clothes

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Supplied Air SystemsSelf Contained Breathing
Apparatus
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Positive Pressure Self Contained Breathing
Apparatus
Advantages Provides highest level of
protection against airborne contaminates and
oxygen deficiency Limitations Bulky and
heavy Limited air supply limits work
duration May impair movement in confined
spaces Unknown resistance to chemicals
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Positive Pressure Supplied Air Respirator
Connected to a manifold which is supplied by two
or more tanks Possibility of unlimited air
supply Less bulky with a longer work
time Protects against airborne contaminates to
the same level as PP SCBA
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Positive Pressure Supplied Air Respirator
Air line impairs mobility and limited to 300 feet
(OSHA/NIOSH) Air line is vulnerable to damage,
degradation, or mechanical decontamination where
decontamination might prove difficult. Exit as
you entered. Requires supervision / monitoring
of air supply and lines. Not approved for IDLH
atmospheres unless equipped with an emergency
egress unit such as an escape only SCBA with a
minimum of five minutes.
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Air Purifying Respirators
Enhanced mobility, less physical stress, lighter
weight Negative pressure operations can be
full face or half face Normally used in
controlled, well characterized areas not for
emergency response Cartridge respirators-Must
select proper cartridge Does not supply fresh
air - oxygen levels must be greater than 19.5
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Chemical Protective Clothing
Level A (Vapor Protection) Provides responder
with highest level of protection Level B
(Splash Protection) Provides the responder with
the highest level of respiratory protection and
protection against contact with product from
spills and splashes Level C (Splash
Protection) Reduction in the respiratory
protection but hazards shall be well
characterized (known and measured) to provide
use of APRs.
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Level A CPE
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Level B CPE
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Level C CPE
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Chemical Protective Clothing
Level D (normal workplace protections) Used
much more commonly in routine industrial
operations. No NFPA standard garment. May
include items such as Eye Protection Coverall
s Boots that are chemically resistant Hard
hat Gloves
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Stresses of Wearing CPCs
Heat related stresses Heat Cramps, Heat
Exhaustion, Heat Stroke Cold related
stresses Frostbite, Hypothermia Psychological
stress Hazardous area, Body bag with
Windows
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Stresses of Wearing CPCs
NFPA 471 (10.3) (2002 edition) exclusion criteria
includes BP - diastolic pressure greater than
105 mm Hg Pulse - greater than 70 of max
(220-age) Respirations - greater than 24 Temp
greater than 99.5 (oral) or 100.5 core EKG
dysrhythmia not previously detected Mental Status
altered, slurred speech clumsiness, weakness
Recent Medical History Presence of nausea
vomiting, diarrhea, fever, URI, heat illness, or
heavy alcohol within the past 72 hours. Any
alcohol within the past 6 hours New medications
within the past 72 hours. Pregnancy
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Chemical Resistance/Compatibility

• Three principle manners by which chemical
  protective clothing materials can be compromised
• Penetration
• Degradation
• 3. Permeation

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Bio Isolation PPEs

• Cover all skin
• Use with respirator and eye protection
• Should be rated for biological (blood-borne
  pathogen) protection by manufacture

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Problems in the Agricultural Setting

• Improper Use
• Using inappropriate concentration (more is
  better)
• Mixing compounds together
• Improper Storage
• Next flammables
• No ventilation
• Stored next to incompatibles
• Compressed Gasses indoors

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Problems in the Agricultural Setting

• Limited or no PPEs
• Eye Face Protection
• Apron
• Gloves
• Respiratory Protection
• Poor or no Signage/Markings
• Hazard areas
• Safe areas

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Problems in the Agricultural Setting

• Limited or no Training
• PPEs
• Proper use
• HAZCOM standard (29 CFR 1910.120)
• No MSDS
• Dont know standard
• No Emergency or Spill Plan
• Poor Housekeeping
• Safety equipment not maintained

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Problems in the Agricultural Setting

• Usually a failure of multiple safety processes
• Complacency
• Performance before safety
• Profit before safety (safety to expensive)

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Example of Spill Procedures When Spill Occurs

• Stop operations and equipment
• Isolate or evacuate area affected
• Emergency Notification
• If trained, contain and control spill
• Provide first aid and assistance to injured
• Clean up, decontamination

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Natural Disasters

• Hurricane/Typhoon
• Earthquake
• Tsunami
• Fire
• Flood
• Disease Outbreak
• Agriculture
• Wildlife
• Human

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Man Made Disasters

• Transportation
• Unintentional Releases
• Civil Unrest
• Terrorism
• Technological
• Electrical
• Communications
• Water (Fresh and Waste)

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What is an emergency?

• An Event that is--
• Unplanned
• Uncontrolled
• Chaotic
• Life, Property or Environmental Threat
• Requires a rapid response to bring the event
  under control

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What is an emergency response?

• Rapid or timely mitigation of events
• Best use of resources
• Trained personnel
• Favorably changes the outcome

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Planned Response

• Control
• Isolation and Quarantine
• Notification
• Local, Law Enforcement, National and
  International Aid
• Have a written plan
• Test and Periodically Practice

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Incident Command System

• Management System
• Whos in charge?
• Whats our goals?
• Whats my tasks?
• Where do I fit in the organization?
• Whom do I report?

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Incident Management

• Places one person in charge
• Clarifies objectives
• Guides deployment of personnel resources
• Organizes personnel tasks so that IC is not
  overwhelmed
• Eases communications identifies chain of command

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Incident Management

• Limits high risk activities establishes
  resources to provide immediate assistance
• Allows for growth and reduction of organizational
  structure
• For some emergencies, it is a requirement of law,
  29 40 CFR
• Used by the Federal Government (NIMS)

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Management Concepts

• Division of Labor
• Work is assigned based on functions, equipment
  available and training/capabilities of personnel
• Qualified individuals are assigned the proper
  tasks
• Lines of Authority
• Personnel and functional groups know their roles
  within the organization and their relationship
  with other personnel participating in the
  emergency

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Management Concepts

• Delegation
• Higher level of authority gives personnel or unit
  an assignment or tasks
• Authority is delegated but responsibility is
  still with the IC
• Unity of Command
• One immediate supervisor
• Prevents multiple and conflicting directives

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Management Concepts

• Span of Control
• Number of personnel or units supervised at one
  time
• Emergency operations, 4-7 personnel or units
• Factors include, degree of difficulty, level of
  danger, amount of authority given
• Line Functions - functions directly associated
  with actual implementation of tasks
• Staff Functions - functions associated with the
  support of incident operations or IC

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Features of ICS

• Common Terminology
• uses common language clear text
• pre-designated language from standard operating
  procedures
• Integrated Communications
• Common communications plan trunking system
• Modular Organization
• Organizational structure develops as-needed
• Increases and reduces in size as needed

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Features of ICS

• Comprehensive Resource Management
• Knows the status of available units
• Analyses incident requirements and deploys
  available resources in a well-coordinated effort
• Tools in a tool box, only take out the tools
  you need to get the job done - need to know what
  tools are needed and when to use them, in correct
  combination
• Single Command Structure (single jurisdiction)
• Unified Command Structure (multi-jurisdiction or
  responsibility)

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Features of ICS

• Consolidated Action Plans - Unified Command
• A single plan of objectives
• Efforts undertaken are conducted in a coordinated
  manner
• Prevents duplication of tasks and contradictory
  work assignments
• Designated Incident Facilities
• Command Post, Staging Area, Rehab Area
• Transfer of Command
• Proper procedures to transfer to higher authority

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Incident Command System

• IC Staff
• PIO, Safety, Liaison
• Operations
• Planning
• Logistics
• Finance
• Division, Group, Branch

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Incident Command System

IC
Public Information
Safety
Liaison
Finance/ Administration Section
Logistics Section
Operations Section
Planning Section
FireFighting
HAZMAT
Ventilation
Entry
DECON
Research
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Scene Management

• HAZMAT Sectors
• Hot Zone - Contaminated area
• Warm Zone - Contamination reduction zone or decon
  area
• Cold Zone - Contamination Free Zone
• Safe Zone - to facilitate nuisance free area

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The Growing Threat of the Agriculture Workplace

• Pacific Avian Influenza Training Workshop
• Carter Davis
• Pacific EMPRINTS Program
• hazmat_at_hawaii.rr.com