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CSG Storage Workshop

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CSG Storage Workshop Workshop Team Bruce Vincent (Stanford) Scotty Logan (Stanford) Dennis Cromwell (Indiana) Ron Thielen (U Chicago) Kitty Bridges (Michigan ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CSG Storage Workshop


1
CSG Storage Workshop
2
Workshop Team
  • Bruce Vincent (Stanford)
  • Scotty Logan (Stanford)
  • Dennis Cromwell (Indiana)
  • Ron Thielen (U Chicago)
  • Kitty Bridges (Michigan)
  • Additional presenters
  • Cory Snavely (Michigan)
  • Jim Pepin (USC, en route to Clemson)

3
Agenda
  • 1-120 Survey Results (Kitty)
  • 120-215 Framing the discussion definitions,
    emerging technologies, policy, architecture
    (Ron)
  • 215-245 Case Study Research storage (lots of
    small files, as in genomics) (Jim)
  • 245-3 BREAK
  • 3-330 Case study library archive storage (Cory)
  • 330-4 Case study research storage (lots of big
    files, as in astronomy, physics) (Dennis)
  • 4-445 Case study tiered storage architecture,
    virtualization (Ron, Scotty)

4
Survey Results
5
Institutions Responding (19)
  • Brown
  • Carnegie Mellon
  • Columbia
  • Duke
  • Georgetown
  • Harvard
  • Indiana
  • MIT
  • NYU
  • Penn State
  • Princeton
  • Stanford
  • University of California
  • University of Chicago
  • University of Colorado
  • University of Michigan
  • University of Virginia
  • University of Wisconsin
  • Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
    University

6
File Service Offered
7
File Service Quotas
8
How Many Staff Manage It?
Separate groups? Yes 74 (14) No 26 (5)
9
Staffing
  • Do you have problems recruiting and retaining
    skilled storage staff?
  • Yes 47.4 (9) No 52.6 (10)

10
Mitigating these problems?
  • Adjusted the salary levels for storage staff to
    reflect the market.
  • Hardware and Software Consolidation,
    automation/tools, delegation/self-service
  • By keeping things simple (e.g. no SAN
    requirements, etc.), but it is unclear how this
    will scale.
  • Standardize on more current mainstream
    technologies and move away from technologies with
    a strong historical legacy but not a significant
    current relevance such as AFS.
  • We're currently using some contractors, and more
    training for our existing staff, but we're still
    looking for ideas.
  • Take longer to find people who love storage and
    that is what they want to do as a career.

11
Mitigating these problems?
  • Staff members with good storage management skills
    are just one of the areas where we worry about
    finding and keeping talent. It is difficult for
    us to match corporate compensation, but we find
    that money is not the ultimate decision maker.
    Training is important and we are diligent about
    keeping a training budget. We allocate 1400 per
    FTE in the organization. This is pooled and
    allocated as appropriate, so it gives us some
    flexibility to keep staff skills fresh and to
    build depth in critical areas. We also like to
    keep work interesting, which is very important to
    highly motivated technical staff. In addition, we
    recognize outstanding work with both small
    monetary bonuses and publicity. Still, we
    recently lost our best SAN person.

12
Client replication technologies, (MS Offline
Files Folders or Apple's Portable Home
Directories?
  • Yes12 (2) No88 (15)

13
Block storage (11 using, considering)
  • Considering iSCSI
  • Dont provide block storage direct to end-users.
    We think we can do it via iSCSI but haven't
    really done much than ponder the possibility.
  • SAN and NAS, as well as DAS
  • Provide block storage to major campus "services"
    through EMC software the EMC DMX Clarion
    storage systems.
  • Fiber channel primarily iSCSI planned for future
  • EMC DMX and Clariion
  • Fibre Channel SAN available to servers hosted in
    data center
  • Block storage is only provided in the data center
  • NAS
  • NFS, iSCSI and SAN attached.
  • SAN

14
Storage in Data Center
  • EMC Clarion and DMX, HP EVA 8000 and 5000, also
    use CISCO directors for the SAN
  • Network Appliance
  • EMC, NetApps
  • Almost exclusively EMC currently researching
    other vendor's offerings (SUN, Hitachi and Apple)
  • IBM, Sun/Hitachi
  • EqualLogic for iSCSI ACNC for direct attached
  • Network Appliance, SUN, Apple, Hitachi, IBM
  • IBM FastT and Shark HP SANStorage
  • Network Systems EMC CX700 Storage Array for
    Databases, FileServices, Exchange and Backup
    Storage Brocade Silkworm Switches Storage TEK
    L180 Tape Library Administrative Computing
    Storage Tek V2X Storage Array for mainframe, AIX
    Oracle systems Brocade Silkworm Switches Storage
    Tek Timberwolf Tape Library
  • EMC DMX, Clariion HP EVA Equallogic iscsi

15
Storage in Data Center
  • Cisco MDS 9000 series switches, Brocade Silkworm,
    EMC Clariion, DMX and Sun
  • EMC DMX and Clariion storage arrays, EMC NS704G
    NAS gateway, Nexsan ATAbeast and SATAbeast
    storage arrays, IBM and StorageTek tape
    libraries, Cisco and Qlogic Fibre Channel
    directors and switches Emulex and Qlogic Fibre
    Channel HBAs
  • NetApp, Dell/EMC SAN, Sun/Hitachi SAN, StorageTek
    SAN, IBM SAN
  • EMC DMX, HDS USP Tagmastore, IBM DS4800, Sun 5320
    NAS Gateway
  • IBM, Sun, and Network Appliances for central
    services
  • Primary SAN for Enterprise systems will be an
    Hitachi Tagmastore, moving from an IBM Shark. We
    have a mix of Direct attached storage, SAN and
    NAS for other areas inlcuding EMC and HP.
  • Primarily Sun storage (w/ Brocade switches) for
    Unix platforms. Windows environments typically
    have direct attach storage on file servers from
    Dell.
  • IBM mid-range SAN disk, Brocade switches, IBM
    tape robotics with 3592 drives, NetApp filers,
    Linux and Windows servers, IBM SAN Volume
    Controller for virtualization

16
Remote Access
17
Underlying Tech for Service
18
Specialized Storage for HPC?
Yes 37 (7) No 63 (12) NetApp Sort of, we
provide Network Appliance filer space to our
research clusters. EMC DMX2000 and DMX800 via
Cisco SAN Fabric BlueArc (and other dedicated NFS
servers) IBM SAN IBM DS4800
19
If one backend technology for all storage (7
reporting)
  • Moving into that direction - virtualized storage
    - but not there yet. We use the IBM SAN Volume
    Controller (SVC) on the hDSAN side to virtualize
    across the EMC and HP storage arrays.
  • Network Appliance Filers
  • Some is on direct attached storage ( a case by
    case choice by the user / service) but the vast
    majority is on EMC storage over a fiber channel
    SAN
  • SAN technology with an EMC Clariion storage array
    that provides shared access to centralized
    storage.
  • EMC DMX and Clariion FC storage presented via FC
    McData switches, and CIFS via EMC NS704G NAS
    gateway. Expect to expand to NFS and CIFS in
    future.
  • HDS Tagmastore USP 1100

20
Backing it up
21
Meets Needs?
22
Backing up Mobile Devices?
  • mobile devices PDAs - no. mobile devices
    laptop - yes, moving to LiveBackup from Atempo.
  • Connected desktop backups
  • TSM (3)
  • Support for these devices is provided through a
    server that is backed up with our Backup
    Services. The only supported application is based
    on MS Exchange and utilizes existing mailboxes
    already on the servers and being backed up

23
Desktop Backup
We are investigating providing desktop and laptop
backup and have made a short list of vendors in
this space. Included are Atempo, Asigra and Iron
Mountain
24
Tiered Solution (17)
  • TSM (4)
  • All of our (3) tiers of storage use the same core
    back up technology (TSM) which allows individual
    customizations of timing and overall strategy
  • Multiple tiers of disk storage, but predominantly
    use TSM clients on the hosts for backup. A few
    exceptions for our large ERP systems where we
    clone the volumes storing the database and back
    them up from a dedicated server to minimize the
    backup window
  • TSM, NSR, IBM's "flashcopy" and NetApp's
    snapshots
  • IBM Tivoli Storage Manager policy domains,
    management groups, and storage groups allow us to
    implement numerous combinations of storage tiers
    and timing strategies for different requirements.

25
Tiered Solutions
  • Use the traditional Unix methodology of daily,
    weekly, and monthly incremental backups.
  • See detailed slide deck (Walter Wong from CMU)
  • We havent done any tiered data with backups, we
    do however utilize different disk solutions based
    on the service requirements. For Example
    Exchange We use only Fiber Channel 15000 RPM
    Drives File Servers We use Raid 5 ATA Drives
    Backup 2 Disk We use Raid 3 ATA Drives
  • 2 tiered storage based on perf/avail. No backup
    distinction yet.
  • Use Veritas Netbackup for large backups that
    require a small window to complete because of the
    technology Vertias provides with support for
    multiple streams we can complete backups more
    quickly than we can with TSM.
  • All issues we need to consider though!

26
Separate Archive Service
  • Operate a ADIC StorNext HSM for research data
    that sort of fits this mission.
  • TSM (5)
  • We currently do minimal archiving using a
    function in TSM and store both to tape and to
    disk.
  • We provide archive via IBM Tivoli Storage Manager
    for servers and services hosted by IT Services.
  • Do not provide a separate archive service and
    currently use the archive component of both TSM
    and Legato
  • We do some end-of-semesters that are archived for
    5 yrs.
  • Minimal archive service for CIS internal use
    only, using an archive to tape with Legato
    Networker. We see archival strategies as a means
    to increasing usable storage and will be looking
    into other application and file system archive
    solutions in the near future. Mainframe
    environment monthly archive of unchanged files
    to tape.

27
Library Archives Service (19)
Library doesnt provide service 68.4
(13) Library alone provides service 26.3
(5) Library provides a service in partnership
with central IT 5.3 (1)
28
Considered Outsourcing?
  • We have a partnership with the Duke Health
    System. They have a large SAN for health care
    data that we leverage for top tier storage.
  • Twice researched the option and rejected it due
    both to cost and loss of local flexibility.
  • Have looked at outsourcing backup twice. Both
    times the cost benefit was not evident. When you
    assess in detail the breakdown of roles/resp
    breakdown between customer and provider, there is
    still a significant resource commitment on the
    customer side.
  • Considered outsourcing our desktop backups. We
    had issues with lack of support for non-Windows
    platforms, some support and bandwidth problems,
    and no way to take a single charge from the
    vendor and break it out to re-bill our users.
  • This topic brings perceived security/privacy
    concerns to the surface a cost/benefit analysis
    will be interesting outsourcing may fit as a
    piece of the life cycle management of
    information we are just at the early stage of
    "consideration."
  • Considered it but found we could do it cheaper by
    centralizing all of campus

29
BC/DR Impact
  • Increased the storage requirements and increased
    the importance of the storage strategy. A driving
    factor in our desire to explore a more
    centralized enterprise storage architecture.
  • Customers are requesting shorter RPO's and RTO's
    and in some cases are willing to accept longer
    RTO's if RPO can be improved. Causing us to more
    seriously assess replication, quasi single
    instance stores, virtualization etc. Pushed us
    toward service mirroring, replication
  • For top-tier storage, the SAN is in a different
    location than the ATLs. TSM and offsite tape
    storage is also used to provide recovery
    capabilities.
  • Working on a project with Virginia Tech to
    leverage our NLR connections to hold copies of
    critical data at their location.
  • We must modernize and update to new software, new
    hardware, employ disk-to-disk-to-tape, and use
    off-site replication of storage arrays.
  • Have looked to adopt technologies that support
    replication and failover in order to support an
    enhanced DR strategy.
  • SAN extension and replication combined with both
    server and storage virtualization enable us to
    address BC and DR requirements in ways that were
    previously unapproachable.

30
BC/DR
  • Post 911 BCP and DRP awareness has increased
    dramatically but unfortunately that awareness has
    not been accompanied by significant increased
    funding. We are now faced with almost
    uncontrolled growth in amount of stored data.
    Since we actively mirror all institutional data
    the end result of the explosion in data storage
    has been the consumption of our entire storage
    budget in "storing". Our costs have grown too
    fast for us to be able to mount a detailed and
    effective BCP.
  • Currently in the process of re-evaluating our
    entire backup and storage architectures. Also
    driven by the new compliance issues around
    Electronic Evidence and E-Discovery legislation.
  • Current disaster recovery strategy is ambiguous.
    Nightly copies of our backup tapes are sent to
    Iron Mountain for storage. In the event of a true
    loss of datacenter disaster we would look for
    assistance from our vendors and peer institutes
    to assist us in our recovery. We have taken under
    advisement the need to have a well documented and
    institutionally driven business continuity plan.
    When we do move forward in developing this there
    should be many driving factors for storage,
    including requirements for data redundancy,
    archival, and data accessibility.

31
Summary of Unsolved Problems
  • Funding, funding models, costs
  • Smart data storage (data de-duplication,
    compression, life cycle management)
  • Multi-platform, with as close to native access as
    possible
  • Replacing current distributed file services (DCE,
    DFS)
  • Virtualization and tiering
  • More, more, more (and staying ahead of or on par
    with demand)

32
Details on Unsolved Problems
  • In the process of implementing a broad array of
    storage, backup and recovery services. Developing
    the detailed delivery approaches, the
    funding/business models and the policy/procedure
    details will require considerable effort in the
    coming year.
  • Data de-duplication technology will make a huge
    improvement in our ability to adequately backup
    our data
  • Cost control which equates to storage volume
    control. We are actively researching the
    acquisition of an automated archiving solution
    which would necessarily include storage
    classification tools / software so we can control
    both what and where (in terms of tiers and/or
    archiving) we store as well as simply how much.
    We are also looking in to adding a 4th tier of
    storage with lower performance and (hopefully)
    greatly reduced costs
  • A good replacement for what we have in DCE/ DFS
    now.
  • Archival Desktop Backup Centralized Storage
    for Research Computing
  • True virtualization of file and storage
    infrastructure.

33
Details on Unsolved Problems
  • Universal client access with a reasonable
    authentication / authorization environment
    doesn't exist. vendor storage implementations are
    about 10 years behind commonly accepted ideas in
    storage/filesystem research and they don't seem
    to be generally aware of that fact. scalable
    horizontal growth of storage is just starting to
    get mainstream and usually is appearing with the
    iSCSI vendors. backup technology is slow to move
    to CDP ("continuous data protection") and still
    rooted in old models that don't fully leverage
    the cheap storage that is available. transparent
    tiering of data based on usage with policy is
    barely a glimmer in commercial products. Selling
    "ILM" solutions is confusing the market place and
    solutions for properly tagging data is being
    confused in or buried by marketing babble data
    scrubbing of failed disk drives in RAID sets
    doesn't seem to be in the common thought process
    yet similarly, disk level encryption is still in
    its infancy tape encryption is getting better
    but that is still slow. key escrow of all this is
    also a pain. "disks are cheap storage is
    expensive" isn't common knowledge so there is
    unreasonable pressure to provide "enterprise"
    class storage at commodity pricing. Compare the
    cost of a 750GB drive (0.60 per GB) vs. "cheap
    RAID" (1.33 per GB) vs. "enterprise class SAN"
    (10 per GB).... and none of these costs include
    replication for BC/DR, backups, etc (though it
    does include RAID and hot-spare overheads).

34
Details on Unsolved Problems
  • The need to provide a variety of network file
    system solutions (cifs,nfs, iscsi) and not a good
    platform for enabling that type of access easily
    to the storage infrastructure we have built.
  • No single file protocol that works well from on
    and off campus on Linux, Mac and Windows without
    extra client software, provides rich access
    controls and supports our central authentication
    service. Enterprise scale laptop backup software
    is still lacking for non-Windows platforms. Key
    escrow for device and backup encryption is poorly
    supported by vendors.
  • Growth of digitization of information,
    information life cycle management, encryption,
    compression
  • Petabyte storage solutions for researchers.
    Trying to find a scalable way to store tens of
    Petabytes w/o managing multiple storage arrays.
  • Adequate funding to keep up with the ever
    increasing demand within the university community
  • Increasing demand for centralized file services
    from departments. Multi-site redundancy of
    storage for critical services. An enterprise
    backup solution that would allow us to provide
    backup services for department with local storage.

35
Summary
  • Growth in data is a huge problem - an unfunded
    mandate in higher ed
  • Federal and other requirements for keeping and
    protecting data for longer periods
  • Unmanaged data is becoming a larger problem -
    were just keeping ever ything because it is too
    hard to clean things up
  • Inefficiency
  • Not aligning least used data with least expensive
    solution
  • Backing up a lot that doesnt need backup, not
    backing up what does
  • Cost and funding models
  • Technology pieces complicated to knit together
    into a solution

36
NEXT Setting the Stage Case Studies
  • Setting the stage
  • Defining terms, regulations, architecture
  • Case studies
  • Library archive
  • Large data stores
  • Small data files
  • Large data files
  • Tiered storage and virtualization
  • (Case Study on website)
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