Introduction How do people use the Internet

1
IntroductionHow do people use the Internet?

• CS 7270
• Networked Applications Services
• Lecture-1

2
What is this course about?

• Official title
• Networked applications and services
• But it much more than that..
• This course is mostly about two things
• A new wave of Internet applications that people
  started using mostly in the last 5 years or so
• VoIP, Video, IPTV, gaming, p2p file sharing,
  p2p-streaming, virtual worlds, social net
  applications, etc
• The Web transformation in the last few years
• A brief look towards a new discipline Web Science

3
Syllabus

• See course web page

http//www-static.cc.gatech.edu/classes/AY2008/cs7
270_fall/index.html
4
What this course is NOT about

• Hardcore networking issues
• Network or transport layer, wireless
  technologies, routing in IP nets, congestion
  control, etc
• Those topics are covered in CS6250 CS7270
• Specific applications
• Skype, MySpace, SecondLife, PPlive, etc
• We want to focus on more fundamental/general
  issues than what each application does
• Application-layer protocols
• HTTP, RTP, SIP, etc
• It would be a very boring course and you would
  not learn how these protocols are used in
  practice to build interesting apps

5
What is this weird second part of the course
about?

• Why will we spend the last 4-5 weeks of the
  semester talking about the Web?
• Easy answer
• It is still a major application
• Deeper answer
• The Web has changed dramatically in the last few
  years, in terms of content and how people use it
• The Web as a medium for the formation of online
  communities
• The Web as an economic powerhouse
• The Web as a knowledge repository
• The Web as a collective brain
• Our goal understand (or define ourselves) what
  Web Science means

6
Course structure

• Lectures
• Loosely based on 2-4 research papers
• Slides will be available on web page after class
• Student mini-presentations
• Focus on specific apps, provide real-world
  context to lectures
• Present the app itself, how to use it, your
  experience, comparison with other similar apps
• 10min per presentation (need volunteers for next
  week!)
• Student group projects
• 3-4 student projects
• See following slide
• Final project presentations
• In last week of classes (details will follow)

7
Course projects

• Goal be creative, have fun, do research
• A broad range of project types is ok. For
  example,
• Write a course-related networked application
• Modify open-source existing application to do
  something interesting/novel
• Measure performance of a course-related
  application
• Compare (experimentally) two or more competing
  apps
• Write crawler for a social net application
• Study a specific algorithmic problem related to
  course topics, and present novel
  solution/analysis (some experimental evaluation
  is required)
• See course web page for milestones and due date

8
Various admin issues

• Registration issues
• Course is now full, but I expect that some folks
  will drop by end of this week
• CS6250 is not a prerequisite
• Can be waived if you have recently taken a good
  networking course
• TA Chidambaram Muthu
• Textbooks? References?
• See web page
• Grading
• See web page
• Contact info
• Email (start with CS7270 in subject)
• Office hours after class or by appointment

9
Reading-1

• How to read a research paper, by S. Keshav
• Published at ACM Computer Communications Review
  (CCR) just last month
• You will read about 60 papers for this course
• Keshav proposes a three-pass reading method
• 1st reading what is this about? (5-10mins)
• 2nd reading grasp the content (1 hour or so)
• 3rd reading understand the details,
  re-implement the paper yourself (3-5 hours for
  beginners)

10
Reading-2

• The Broadband Fact Book, by the Internet
  Innovation Alliance
• Not a research paper, but it includes some
  interesting statistics about application usage
  trends
• Most interesting part is pages 16-19.

11
iTunes explodes
12
Video explodes
13
Online gaming explodes
14
Some interesting statistics

• 46 of Internet users watch an online video once
  a week (as of Sept06)
• 8 of Internet users downloaded a movie during
  the 3Q06 using P2P apps
• 60 adult content, 20 TV content, rest is
  movies, clips, etc
• YouTube stats (March06)
• 50 users are younger than 20 years old
• 60 all videos watched online
• 65,000 new videos uploaded daily
• Total viewing time about 10,000 years!
• YouTube consumed as much bandwidth in 2006 as the
  whole Internet did in 2000

15
How do people use the Web?

• Almost all users do the basics (email, Web
  browsing)
• 50 of users pay bills online
• 25 online job hunting
• 8 upload videos
• 5 publish blogs
• 4 date online

16
(No Transcript)
17
P2P (mostly BitTorrent) is 40 of traffic, and
growing
18
Reading-3

• Is P2P dying or just hiding, by T.Karagiannis
  et al (published in Global Internet 2004)
• Abstract

Recent reports in the popular media suggest a
significant decrease in peer-to-peer (P2P)
file-sharing traffic, attributed to the publics
response to legal threats. Have we reached the
end of the P2P revolution? In pursuit of
legitimate data to verify this hypothesis, we
embark on a more accurate measurement effort of
P2P traffic at the link level. In contrast to
previous efforts we introduce two novel elements
in our methodology. First, we measure traffic of
all known popular P2P protocols. Second, we go
beyond the known port limitation by reverse
engineering the protocols and identifying
characteristic strings in the payload. We find
that, if measured accurately, P2P traffic has
never declined indeed we have never seen the
proportion of p2p traffic decrease over time (any
change is an increase) in any of our data sources
19
Methodology

• They analyzed packet traces (first 44 bytes of IP
  packet -gt only 4B for payload)
• Search for characteristic strings in payload
• They present four heuristics (M1-M4), with
  increasing p2p estimation aggressiveness
• (btw, this could have been a nice course project
  for CS7270)

20
P2P did not decrease in 03-04(despite the
lawsuits by RIAA that took place during that
period)
21
FastTrack decrease (mostly Kazaa), BitTorrent
increase by 100