U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science

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U.S. Department
of Energys
Office of Science
Comparing DOD Risk Management and DOE
Integrated Safety Management A New FACREP
Perspective 2008 Facility Rep. Workshop
Adam Janczewski Brookhaven Site Office May 14,
2008
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Risk Management vs. Integrated Safety
Management(Abbreviated History)
DOD
DOE
Just do it!
I want you to apply it And By the way figure it
out as to what is it you are applying
85 90 95 00 05 08
85 90 95 00 05 08
Work
Safety
Risk Management for Brigades and Battalions.
Center for Army Lessons Learned (CALL) Newsletter
95-9. June 1995.
Integration
(Risk management into all functions)
Safety Management System Policy (Birth of
Integrated Safety Management)
FM 100-14
(Risk management Application distilled to safety
in tactical units)
(Tactical procedures into Safety Risk
Management)
Maturation
FM 5-19 Composite Risk Management
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DOD Risk Management vs. DOE Integrated Safety
Management
DOD
DOE
Great similarity!
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Guiding Principles for Composite Risk Management
Integrated Safety Management
DOD
DOE

• Balanced Priorities.
• Hazard Controls Tailored to Work Being Performed.
• Operations Authorization.
• Line Management Responsibility for Safety.
• Clear Roles and Responsibilities.
• Competence Commensurate with Responsibilities.
• Identification of Safety Standards and
  Requirements.

• Integrating risk management into mission
  planning, preparation, and execution.
• Making risk decisions at the appropriate level
  in the chain of command.
• Accepting no unnecessary risk.

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How are Hazards Identified?
DOD
DOE

• Experience
• Historical Data
• Intuitive/Formal Analysis
• Professional Judgment
• Standards
• Brainstorming
• Decision Models

• Core Function 1, Define the Scope of Work
• Identify the scope, schedule, and costs of DOE
  missions in a safe and environmentally
  responsible way.
• DOE and the contractor identify and prioritize
  work (Job Hazard Analysis/Experimental Safety
  Review) and allocate resources.
• A scope of work is critical to the success of a
  Safety Management System because it-
• Determines scale and detail of hazards
  identification/analysis,
• Is a foundation for the budget formulation/allocat
  ion process, and
• Is the primary factor in establishing
  expectations and accountability.

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Develop Controls and Make Risk Decisions
DOD
DOE

• Controls reduce or eliminate hazards reduce risk
  level.
• Controls are developed from identified applicable
  standards
• Effective controls must be suitable, feasible,
  assigned, and acceptable.

• Establishing boundaries for safe operations
  (Safety Envelope).
• Controls are developed from identified applicable
  standards.
• Implementing and maintaining configuration of
  controls in the work planning process

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Develop Controls and Make Risk Decisions (cont.)
DOD
DOE
USAF System Safety Handbook - 2000
Scope of Work Activity Location Systems
Equipment and Process Hazardous Material

• The following are recommended as a minimum effort
  in a system safety program
• Prepare a preliminary hazards list (PHL).
• Conduct a preliminary hazard analysis (PHA).
• Assign a Risk Assessment Value for each item.
• Assign a priority for taking the recommended
  action to eliminate or control the hazards,
  according to the Risk Assessment Values.
• Evaluate the possibility of deleterious effects
  from interfaces between the recommended actions
  and other portions of the system.
• Take the recommended actions to modify the
  system.
• Prepare a System Assessment Report as a wrap-up
  of the system safety program.

Figure 4a. An illustration derived from DNFSB
Tech 16 of the development and integration of
ESH controls at the activity level.
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Risk Management vs. Integrated Safety
Management(Method of application)
DOD
DOE

• Missions
• Unless prohibited by law, rule, regulation
  manage risk until waiver/exemption granted
• General guidance
• FM 100-14 at 8th grade level, 75 pages
• Level of detail dependent on time available

• Site
• If not permitted, get a variance do not manage
  risk
• Detailed guidance
• DOE G 450.4-1B at gt 8th grade level, 244 pages
  total
• Determine level of detail for safe operation (no
  time limit)

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Summary
DOD
DOE

• Not time imminent
• Fairly constant science/operations
• Standards based ISM is only as good as the total
  analysis effort (Standards and event)
• Safety and Compliance

• Time restricted
• Thinking enemy
• Risk based and only as good as the analysis
  detail.
• Mission first vs. safety always!

• Two systems similar
• Both work well when applied altruistically
• Both systems keep evolving

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Summary (cont.)

• Risk comes from not knowing what youre doing.
  Warren Buffett 1930 (American Investment
  Entrepreneur)
• Risk Management and ISM. Both processes take us
  through a structured thought process to identify
• What we know about the process we are about to
  undertake
• Realize what we do not know
• Find the missing answers, and accept the known
  risk, if acceptable, on the things we do not know
  and cannot find out, before we move forward on
  the project or mission.

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Questions?