Human Resource Management

1
Human Resource Management

• The purpose of this chapter is to thoroughly
  familiarize you with the human resource
  management process and the role of the manager in
  this process.
• We will look at the essential elements of human
  resources management and identify what is needed
  to attract, develop, and maintain a quality
  workforce.

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Human Resource Management

• A term used to describe the wide variety of
  activities involved in attracting, developing and
  maintaining a talented and energetic workforce.

3
Human Resource Management

• It involves managerial responsibility not only
  for staffing organizations with capable workers,
  but also for ensuring that their performance
  potential is fully realized.

4
Human Resources Management

• Attracting a quality workforce
• HR Planning - Recruitment - Selection
• Developing a quality workforce
• Orientation - Training and Development -
• Career Planning and Development

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Human Resources Management

• Maintaining a quality workforce
• Managing Retention and Turnover -
• Performance Appraisal
• Compensation and Benefits
• Labor Management Relations

6
Influences of the Legal Environment

• HR management must be accomplished within the
  framework of government laws and regulations,
  which cover activities related to
• Pay - Employee Rights - Retirement -
• Occupational Health and Safety - Privacy
• Vocational Rehabilitation
• Employment Discrimination
• Labor Relations

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Employment Discrimination

• "Employment-at-Will" Doctrine
• 1926 - Railway Labor Act
• 1935 - Wagner Act (NLRA)
• 1963 - Equal Pay Act
• 1964 - Civil Rights
• EEO Act (Affirmative Action / EEOC)
• 1981 - Age Discrimination Act
• 1990 - Americans With Disabilities Act

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Human Resource Planning

• The process of analyzing staffing needs and
  identifying actions to satisfy these needs over
  time.
• It must support the implementation of strategies
  and advance the accomplishment of key objectives.

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Human Resource Planning

• It is having the right people available to do the
  required work essential to the success of any
  strategy, and
• It is the responsibility of all managers to
  ensure that all jobs in their work units are
  filled with people who can best perform the
  required tasks.

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Steps in the HR Planning Process

• Review organizational strategies and objectives.
• Establish and refine HR objectives and policies
  to compliment the strategic plans.
• Establish HR needs..via
• Job Analysis
• Job Description
• Job Specifications.

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Steps in the HR Planning Process

• Forecast....Project future staffing requirements
  and anticipate internal and external supply.
• HR Audit
• Replacement Charts
• Succession Tables
• Take actionrecruit - terminate - transfer -
  promote - whatever.

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Attracting A Quality Workforce

• The Recruiting Process
• Advertising of job vacancy.
• Preliminary contact with potential job
  
  candidate.
• Initial screening to create a pool of
  candidates.

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Attracting A Quality Workforce

• Recruiting Practices
• External
• Internal
• Traditional
• Realistic

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Attracting A Quality Workforce

• Making Selection Decisions
• Application Forms
• Interview or Site Visit
• Employment Tests (Validity and Reliability)
• Reference Checks
• Physical Examinations
• Analysis and Decision

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Developing A Quality Workforce

• SOCIALIZATION
• A process of systematically changing the
  expectations, behavior, and attitudes of a new
  employee in a manner considered desirable by the
  organization.

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Developing A Quality Workforce

• SOCIALIZATION
• It begins with the initial Employee Orientation
  and continues during later training and
  development activities as well as day-to-day
  supervisor-subordinate relations.

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Developing A Quality Workforce

• Training and Development
• A set of activities that provides learning
  opportunities through which people acquire and
  improve job related skills.

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Developing A Quality Workforce

• Types of Training
• On-the-Job
• Job Rotation - Coaching - Apprenticeship Modeling
  - Mentoring
• Off-the-Job
• Management Development
• Management Simulation Games

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Developing A Quality Workforce

• The Role of Performance Appraisal
• The process of formally assessing someone's work
  and providing feedback on performance.

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Developing A Quality Workforce

• Purposes of Performance Appraisal
• Evaluation Letting people know where they stand
  relative to objectives and standards.
• Development Assisting in the training and
  continued personal development of people.

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Developing A Quality Workforce

• Performance Appraisal Methods
• Graphic Rating Scales
• Narrative Technique
• Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales
• Critical-Incident Techniques
• Multiperson Comparisons

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Maintaining A Quality Workforce

• Career Development
• A Career is a sequence of jobs and work pursuits
  constituting what a person does for a living.
• A Career Path
• A sequence of jobs held over time during a career.

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Maintaining A Quality Workforce

• Career Planning
• Is the process of systematically matching career
  goals and individual capabilities with
  opportunities for their fulfillment.

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Maintaining A Quality Workforce

• Career Stages
• The Move to Early Adulthood
• Mid-life Transition
• Middle and Later Adulthood
• A Career Plateau

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Maintaining A Quality Workforce

• Retention and Turnover
• Promotions
• Transfers
• Layoffs
• Retirements
• Early Retirements
• Firings

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Maintaining A Quality Workforce

• Managing Compensation and Benefits
• Base Compensation
• Fringe Benefits
• Competitive Structures
• Flexible Programs

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Maintaining A Quality Workforce

• Labor-Management Relations
• Labor unions are organizations to which workers
  belong and which collectively deal with employers
  on their behalf.
• Typical Provisions of a Union Contract
• Job Specification and Work Rules
• Seniority Provisions
• Compensation
• Grievance Mechanisms

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Legislation Governing Labor-Management Relations

• The National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)
  1935
• The Labor Management Relations Act
  (Taft-Hartly) 1947
• The Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure
  Act (Landrum- Griffith) 1959

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Bargaining Strategies

• Unions Use
• Strike
• Boycott
• Picket
• Slowdown

• Companies Use
• Lockout
• Strike Breakers
• Injunctions

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Bargaining Strategies

• The Traditional Adversarial View
• "Win-Lose
• The New and Emerging View
• "Win-Win"