Title: ? ?????????????????, ??????????
1?????????
2????
- ???????
- ????
- 1. ????
- ? ????
- ? ?????????????
- 2. ?????
- ? ??????????
- ? ???????
- ? ???????????
- 3. ????????
- ? ????????????????
- ? ?????????????????, ??????????
3Structure of Blood Clot
Plasmin, trapped in clot, Dissolves clot by
fibrinolysis
Clot formation limited to area of injury Intact
endothelial cells release anticoagulants
(heparin, antithrombin III, protein C).
SEM x 4625
4(No Transcript)
5??????
- 17???? ????
- 19??? ???? ????
- 20??? ????,??????????
- 1964? ?????????
- 90???????????
6(?)????
- ????????????14???FIXIII,???????????(prekallikrei
n, PK)????????(high molecular weight kininogen,
HMWK)
7- ?FIV(Ca2)?,???????
- ?????(TF)?,???????????????
81.???K???????
- ??FII?VII?IX?X (PC?PS)
- ?????????????-???????(gla)
- ????Ca???,????Ca??????,Ca?????
- (?-?????-- Ca--???)
- ????????VitK,????????
91)??II---????,prothrombin ???72000,????1500
nmol/L? ??---????,??? ???(IIa)(??II??)?
??????????????,?????????????
102)??VII--????,stable factor ???48000,????
10 nmol/L? ??--????,????,?????????,???VII(a
)??? VII(a) VIIa? ,
???????100? FVIIa ????????????,????X????IX? FVII
?????????,??????
11 3) ??IX--????????, plasma thromboplastin
component,PTC ???57000,???? 80 nmol/L?
??---????,??FXIa?TF-FVII(a)????? IXa
FIX??????B,?????????????
124) ??X--stuart-prower?? ???55000,????
160 nmol/L? ??--????????????,?????????????
??FX?(IXa?VIIIa?Ca2???)?TF-FVIIa????? Xa
FX??????????????,???????
132.??????
- ????????????????????,??FXII?XI?PK?HMWK
- ????
- ??????????????,????????????????
- ???????,???????????
- ??
- ??????????????????,????????????????????
141)??XII---????, hageman factor,HF
??????,????????????? FXII???????????,?????????,
??,?????????? (???????????)
152)??XI--????????, plasma thromboplastin
antecedent ,PTA ???FXI??HMWK????????????
FXIIa FXI FXIa
16 3)?????? prekallilarein ,PK
?FXI??,PK??????HMWK????????????
PK??????????????????? a-?????
ß-????? PK???FXII??,?????????,??,???????????
17 4)??????? high molecular wight kininogen
,HMWK ???HMWK?PK?FXII???????????,??????
? HMWK?????????????????,??????
183.???????????
- ??FI?V?VIII?XIII
- ?????????????
19 1)??I--?????, fibrinogen
,Fg(FIB) ??????????,??????????
IIa Fg Fb
20 2)??V--????, labile factor
???????????, ?FXa????,??II????
IIa?FXa FV FVa FV?????????,
????????
21 3)??VIII???--???????,
antihemophilic globulin ,AHG
???VIII?????vWF?????????(199),
??????? ?FIXa????, ??IIa?? FVIIIa
FVIII??????A, ???????????
224)??XIII---????????, fibrin stabilizing
factor ,FSF IIa?Ca FXIII
FXIIIa ??????????, FXIIIa FM
??Fb?
234.?????? 1)??III---????,??????
tissue factor ,TF ???????????,??????????
????,??????TF? ???? ?????????? ???? (??TF??)
IL-1?TNF? ??? ???????
TF? FIII(???)?FVII?FVIIa??????
24 2)??IV--???, calcium ,
Ca Ca??FXI?XIII????
FIXa?FVIIIa?(??) FIII?FVIIa? (??)
FXa?FVa(??) ????????
??????,Ca?????????????????????? Ca
??????????,?Ca ???????
25(No Transcript)
26(?)????
- 1.????????? ??
- ??????(intrinsic pathway)
- ??????(extrinsic pathway)
- ??????(common pathway)
27??????
- ????????
- ??????
- ??????? ??
- ???
28??????? ??
29 ??
?????????
30??????
- TF??,?? VIIa/TF ???
- TF-VIIa?????FX (? IX)
- Xa-Va?????II,???????
31??????
- ?????FVIII ,?IX?????
- VIIIa-IXa ????? FX (???)
32??????
- Xa-Va????????????????????
33??????
- (?)????
- 1.??????????????
- (1)??????(CT)
34- ???????
- ?????(????)???
- ????????(SCT)????
- ???(ACT)
- ACT??????????-??
- ????,????FXII?XI,??
- ????????
35- ???
- ???510min????1019minSCT1530minACT114s
205s - ????
- ??
- ??
36- (2)??????(RT)
- ??? 2min48s30s(lt4min30s)
- ???? (?CT)
- ?????????????????????????????????????
37- (3)??????????(APTT)
- APTT?????????????????????
38(No Transcript)
39- ???
- ???????,3545s(????3037s????2530s)
- ???????????10?????????
- ????
- 1???
- 2???
- 3????????
40- 2.??????????????
- (1)????????(PT)
- PT???????????????????????
41(No Transcript)
42- ???
- ??????????
- ? ???????,1315s,?????????3????
- ? ????????(PTR)???PT(S)/????PT(S),????1.000.05
- ? ???????(INR)PTRISI (??ISI????????),ISI???,INR??
??
43- ????
- 1???
- 2???
- 3?????????
44- (2)???????(RVVT)
- ??? 1314s,??????3?????
- ????
- ????FII?V?X?I???????????????????????????FDP?
? - ???????FX?FVII???????PT???
45- 3.????????????
- (1)?????????(Fg)
- ???????????????(Clauss?)
- ??? 24g/L
- ????
- ??
- ??
46(No Transcript)
47- (2)??XIII????
- ??? ?24h??????
- ???? ???2h?????,??FXIII????????????,???????DI
C??????????????????
48(?)??????
- 1.??????????(STGT)
- ??????
- ???????????????????????????????(???????)??PF3,????
?????????(???????Fg),?????????????
49??????????(s)
???? ??????
FXI/XII??
FVIII??
FIX??
gt15
gt15
gt15
gt15
?????
gt15
gt15
lt15
lt15
???????BaSO4??
gt15
gt15
lt15
lt15
?????????
gt15
lt15
lt15
lt15
?????????
50- ???? ???????,???????????????????????
51- 2. ????II?V?VII?X??????
- ???PT?
- ???
- ????
- 1)??
- 2)??
- 3) ??IIC?VC ?VIIC ?XC?????????????, VIIC
??????????? VC ?????????????? -
52- 3.????VIII?IX?XI?XII??????
- ???APTT?
- ???
- ????
- 1)??
- 2)??
53(No Transcript)
54-
??VII???(???????) -
??VIII?IX?XI??? -
(???????) -
?????? -
????? -
APTT (N) PT (A) - ??XIII??? ??XIII?? APTT (N) PT (N)
- (???????) ???? APTT (A) PT (N)
?????? -
APTT (A) PT (A) -
????? -
?????? -
-
??X?V?II?I??? ??XII?PK?HMWK -
(???????) ??? -
(???????) - N??A??PK??????HMWK???????
55??????
- ????
- (?)??????????
- (?)?????(??)????
- FII?V?X????? FVII?XI?IX??
- (?)?????????
- ?TF?Ca2???????,????FVII
- ? ?
- (?)??VitK???????
- ?????K?FII?VII?IX?X????
- (?)?????????
- ?????????????
56????? (hemophilia)
57?????
- Dr. John Conrad Otto????????????????????????????
- Otto ?????????,????????????????
- 1828,??????????????????????
- ?????????? hemo (????) ?philia (????) ?????
????
58????
- ??? ????????,???20???????????
- Alice ? Beatrice, Leopold???, ???????
- Alice???8??? ?? Frederick??????, ???????? 2???
Alix ? Irene????
59???
- ???????????????????,??????????
- ???????,???????????????
- 20??,??????????????????
60??
- 1937?, 2?????, A.J. Patek ? F.H.L.
Taylor???????????????,???????????????? - ??,?????????????????
- ?????? ??????? ????? VIII
-
- ? 1960?,???????????
61Blood Clotting in Hemophiliacs
Clotting Factors (Hemophilia blood is shown in
yellow)
- Clotting factors work in a domino formation,
cascading one after the other - If one factor is missing or does not work, clots
will not form properly and bleeding will continue
62- (?)??
- 1.??
- ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????? - 2.??
- ????(A)??(B)
63- 3.????
- WHO????????(WFH)
- 1520/10???
- ?? 2.73/10???
- ??????13820
64- 4.????
- ???????????(X???)????
65???A?????
- ???
- X'Y
XX - ??? XY X 'X X 'X XY
XY - ??? X 'Y XY XX X 'X X'Y
- ??? X 'X' X 'X XY X'Y
- ????? ????? ?????? ????
????
66(?)????
67???????
- ?????????
- ???
- ? ????
- - ??????????
- ? ????
- - ???????
- - ??????????
- ? ????
- - ????????
Internal Bleeding into Joints (Hemophiliac shown
at bottom)
68- ???????,??????????????,???????
- ??????????
- ????
- ????
- ????????
- ????????????????
- ??
- ????
69(No Transcript)
70(No Transcript)
71(No Transcript)
72(No Transcript)
73(No Transcript)
74(No Transcript)
75(No Transcript)
76(No Transcript)
77(No Transcript)
78(No Transcript)
79????????????
- ???? ????
- ???? ????????????
- ?? ??????????????,??
- ??????,?????
- ?? ?????????,??????,
- ????,???
- ?? ??????????,??,????
80(?)?????
- 1.????
- (1)SCT?ACT
- (2)APTT
- (3)RT????CT
81- 2.????
- (1)STGT
- (2)BTGT
- 3.????
- (1)FVIIIC?FVIIIAg
- (2)FIXC?FIXAg
- 4.????
- (1)BT?vWFAg??
- (2)PT
82- 5.????
- (1)??????
- (2)APTT????
- 6.????????
- (1)???A
- ????????????(DGGE)??????????(SSCP)???FVIII??
???22?? - ???????????????????(RFLP)?????
83- (2)???B
- ????FIX??????
- ????RFLP
84????
- ??????? ????????,???????
- ?????????
- ???????
- ?????????????
- ??????????????????
- DNA ????????????????
85(No Transcript)
86(?)???????
- 1.????
- (1)?????????????????
- (2)?????????,????,???????,???????
- (3)??
- (4)????
- (5)?????
87 88????????(von Willebrand disease,vWD)
- (?)??
- 1.????FVIII?????????????(von Willebrand factor,
vWF)???????????vWF????????????????
89Biochemical Features ofvon Willebrand Disease
90- ???????????VIII?vWF?????(1984-1986?)??????????????
?
91??VIII?vWF??????
- ??
? ? - ????
???? - ??VIII
- ?? VIII
VIII C - ?? VIII Ag
VIII Ag - ?? VIII C
-- - vWF
- ?? vWF
VIII R vWF , FVIII/vWF - ?? vWF Ag
vWF R Ag - ?? vWF Rco
VIII R RCOF
92vWF?????????????
- ????? ??? ?????
- GPIb
GPIIb/IIIa -
- FVIII
-
-
-
-
vWF
????
?????
93FACTOR VIII vs. vWF
94- 2.????
- ????vWD??13810020
- 3.????
- ?????????
- ???????
- ??????????????
- I?----???
- II?----IIA?IIB?IIN?IIM
- III?----???
95- ?????????
- ??????????????(?????????)
- ????????
- ???????(???????)??
96???A?vWD???????
97(?)?????
98Bleeding Time Test
Timer is started upon incision
BT Time to complete cessation of free blood
flow
99- (2)APTT?FVIIIC??
- (3)vWFAg??
- (4)?????(PAdT)??
100- 2.????
- (1)vWF??????????(vWFRcof)
(2)??????????????? (RIPA)
101- 3.????
- (1)??????????
- (2)GPIb-IX?GPIIb/IIIa??
102 vWD???????
103(?)???????
104 105???????
- 1???
- ??????????
- ????????????????
- ????????????????
- ???????????????
- ????(????????????????????????????????)?
- ???????????
106- ??????????
- ??????
- Fg ???? FV?FVII?FIX?FX?FXI?FXII?FXIII PK HMWK
???? - AT III PC PS
- ??????
- ??Fg FV?FVIII??????????? FVII?FIX?FX
- ????
- ????(?SFM FDP PF3) ???????(IXa?Xa?Xia)
- ???????
- ????????
- DIC ????????(?????) ????
- ?????
- ??(????)????? ?????? DIC
- ???????
- ??????? FDP?? ???
- ??
- FDP????? ????????????
107- 2?????
- ???????????????????
- ???????????????,?????
108- 3???
- ????
- ????
- ????
- ?????
109- ??????????????
- ???? ?????
???FDP?? ?? - PLT(??) Fg(??)
ELT(??) AT III(??) - BT(??) FV(??)
FDP(??) PC(?) - PT(?) FVII(?)
PLG(??) PS(?) - APTT(?) FVIIIC(??) a2-PI(??)
- TT(??) vWF(??) PL(??)
- ????? FIX?X(?)
D-D(???,??DIC??) - (???????) FXI?XIII(??)
1104??????? .FVIIC?FIIC????????? .Fg?FVC?????????
??? .FII?,??????????? .FVIIIC?vWF???????,
FVIIIC?????DIC? .FXIIIaAg?ATlt35?PLGlt20?
??????? .??????????????, ???????
111???????K???????
- 1???
- (1)?????????K??????VII?IX?X???????
- (2)??
- ???????
- ???????
- ??????
- ?????
112- 2??????
- (1)????
- ???????????(APTT)
- ????????(PT)
- ????????(HPT)
- HPT???FII?VII?X???????
- ????90.614(63.3117.9)
113- (2)????
- ???????(RVVT)
- FIIC?FVIIC?FIXC?FXC?FIIAg?FVIIAg?FIXAg?FXA
g??
114?????
- ??????????14?????????
- ?????????(??)????????(??)????????
- ?????????
- ???????????????????????????????????????
- ??????????????
- ??vWD?????????
- ????????????????