DR. IBRAHIM DREMALI

1
Study of the bookFIQH US-SUNNAH
??? ???? ?????? ??????

• DR. IBRAHIM DREMALI

American Open University In cooperation with
Islamic Center of Greater Austin and
Sunnahfollowers.net
2
The Night PrayersWitr, Tahajjud Taraweeh

• Definition
• Excellence of the night prayers
• ETIQUETTE of performing the night prayers
• NATURE AND Number of Rakats for witr, tahajjud
  and taraweeh

3
Definitions

• Qiyam standing
• Qiyam ul-Layl standing at night
• Shariah definition of Qiyam ul-Layl voluntary
  night prayers performed anytime after Isha until
  Fajr
• Witr (odd-numbered)
• Tahajjud (from hajada remaining awake at
  night)
• Taraweeh (resting)
• Salat ul-Layl (The night prayer)
• There is one Nafl prayer at night, with different
  names to describe it

4
Excellence of Qiyam

• Best of the voluntary prayers
• The best of prayers, after those prescribed, are
  those prayed in the depth of the night. Muslim
  and Ahmad
• Means of entering Jannah
• The Prophet said O people, spread the
  salutations, feed the people, keep the ties of
  kinship, and pray during the night while the
  others sleep and you will enter paradise in
  peace. al-Hakim, Ibn Majah, and at-Tirmidhi
• Acceptance of Supplications
• The Messenger of Allah said   Our Lord descends
  every night to the lowest heaven, when only one
  third of the night has remained. He says Who
  will invoke Me, so that I may give him? Who will
  seek My forgiveness, so that I may forgive him.
  Bukhari and Muslim

5
Excellence of Qiyam

• Earns the praises and complements of Allah SWT
• ????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????
  ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????
  ????????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????
  ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????
• The slaves of the Beneficent are they who walk
  upon the earth in humbleness, and when the
  ignorant address them, they say 'Peace' and they
  who spend the night prostrating before their Lord
  and standing
• Surat al-Furqan 63-64

6
Excellence of Qiyam

• Practice of the believers
• ??????????? ??????????? ???? ????????????
  ????????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????????
  ????????????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ??????
  ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????
  ????? ??????? ???????????
• Only those believe in Our revelations who, when
  they are reminded of them, fall down prostrate
  and hymn the praise of their Lord and they are
  not scornful who forsake their beds to cry unto
  their Lord in fear and hope and spend of what We
  have bestowed on them. No soul knows what is kept
  hidden for them of joy as a reward for what they
  used to do. Surat as-Sajdah 3216

7
Etiquettes of the Late Night Prayer

• Upon going to sleep, one should make the
  intention to perform the tahajjud prayers
• Abu ad-Darda' relates that the Prophet said
  "Whoever goes to his bed with the intention of
  getting up and praying during the night, and
  sleep overcomes him until the morning comes, he
  will have recorded for him what he had intended,
  and his sleep will be a charity for him from his
  Lord. an-Nasa'i and ibn Majah
• Upon waking, one should wipe one's face, use a
  toothstick, and look to the sky and make duaa
• Then, one should recite the last ten Ayat of
  Surat al-Imran

8
Etiquettes of the Late Night Prayer

• Then one should say
• O Allah, to You belongs the praise. You are the
  Light of the heavens and the earth and what is
  therein. And to You belongs the praise. You are
  the truth and Your promise is true. And the
  meeting with You is true. And the paradise is
  true. And the Fire is true. And the prophets are
  true. And Muhammad is true. And the Hour is true.
  O Allah, to You have I submitted. And in You have
  I believed. And in You have I put my trust. And
  to You have I turned. And by You I argue. And to
  You do I turn for my decisions. Forgive me of my
  former and latter sins, and those done in private
  and those done in public. You are Allah, there is
  no God besides You.

9
Etiquettes of the Late Night Prayer

• One can begin Qiyam al-Layil with two quick rakat
  and then one may pray whatever one wishes after
  that
• One should wake up one's family for tahajjud
• One should stop praying tahajjud and sleep if one
  becomes very sleepy

10
Time for the Night Prayers

• Salatul Layil is performed after Salat ul-Isha,
  and may be performed in the first, second, or
  third part of the night
• Aisha reports Out of the entire night, the
  Messenger of Allah would sometimes perform the
  witr prayer during the early portion sometimes
  he would perform it during the middle portion
  and sometimes in the latter portion of the night,
  just before dawn. Related by the group
• It is best to delay this prayer to the last third
  portion of the night
• Abu Hurairah reports that the Messenger of Allah
  said Our Lord descends to the lowest heaven
  during the last third of the night, inquiring
  'Who will call on Me so that I may respond to
  him? Who is asking something of Me so I may give
  it to him? Who is asking for My forgiveness so I
  may forgive him?' Related by the group

11
Nature and Number of Rakat

• Prayed in sets of 2
• The night prayer is in sets of two rakat
• Minimum number of 1 Rakat
• The Prophet said The night prayer is sets of
  two rakat. If one fears the coming of the dawn,
  he should perform one rakah, thereby making all
  of them odd witr.
• Maximum number of 11 Rakat
• Aishah said The Messenger of Allah never prayed
  more than eleven rak'at, during Ramadan or
  otherwise. He would pray four rak'at, and don't
  ask about how excellent they were or how lengthy
  they were. Then, he would pray four rak'at, and
  don't ask about how excellent they were or how
  lengthy they were. Then, he would pray three
  rak'at. I asked 'O Messenger of Allah, do you
  sleep before praying witr?' he replied 'O
  'Aishah, my eyes sleep but my heart does not
  sleep.' Bukhari and Muslim

12
Nature and Number of Rakat

• Permissibility of praying any number of rakat
  from one to eleven
• The Prophet said, Witr is true (as a recommended
  act of worship). Anyone who wishes to pray five
  rakat and anyone who wishes may pray three and
  anyone who wishes may pray one. Tahawi,
  al-Hakim and others
• Abdullah bin Abi Qays reported that he asked
  Aisha, How many rakat did Allahs Messenger pray
  witr? She replied, He prayed witr four and
  three rakat, or six and three, or ten and three
  he would not pray witr less than seven, nor more
  than thirteen. Abu Dawud, Ahmad, and others

13
Related Points

• Qiyam al-Layil may be prayed in a variety of
  ways, which can all be traced back to the
  Prophet.
• It is permissible to perform the witr by praying
  two rak'at and concluding them and then praying
  one rak'ah with a tashahud and taslim.
• One may pray a number of rak'at, one after
  another, without making any tashahud, except in
  the one before the last rak'ah in which case one
  makes the tashahud and then stands to perform the
  last rak'ah where one will make another tashahud
  and end the prayer with the taslim.
• One may also make only one tashahud and the
  taslim, in the last rak'ah of witr.

14
Related Points

• If praying 3 rakat Witr, it should not resemble
  the Maghrib prayer
• Do not pray witr as three rakat resembling the
  Maghrib prayer. Tahawi, Daraqutni and others
• One may pray Witr in the earlier part of the
  night then Qiyam al-Layil in the latter part of
  the night, although praying them together in the
  end is better
• Whoever fears that he will not wake up in the
  later part of the night, then let him perform
  Witr in the first part of it and whoever expects
  to wake up in the later part of the night, let
  him pray it then. Indeed, the prayer of the night
  is witnessed (by the angels), and that is
  better. Abd ur-Razzaq

15
Related Points

• Recitation in the Witr
• Al-Qunut in the Witr
• The Messenger of Allah taught me the following
  words to say in the witr prayer O Allah, guide
  me among those whom You have guided. Grant me
  safety among those whom You have granted safety.
  Take me into Your charge among those whom You
  have taken into Your charge. Bless me in what You
  have given me. Protect me from the evil that You
  have decreed, for You decree and nothing is
  decreed for You. And there is no humiliation for
  whom You take as a ward. Blessed and Exalted are
  You, our Lord. Ahmad, at-Tirmidhi, an-Nasa'i,
  Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, and others
• Prohibition of two Witr prayers in one night
• Missing Witr / Making Qada

16
Excellence of Qiyam in Ramadan

• Virtues of the Taraweeh Prayer
• Whoever prays during the nights of Ramadan
  taraweeh with a firm belief and hoping for
  reward, all of his previous sins would be
  forgiven. Related by the group
• 'Aishah says "The Prophet offered salah in the
  mosque and many people prayed with him. The next
  day he did the same and more people prayed with
  him. Then the people gathered on the third night
  but, the Prophet did not come out to them. In the
  morning, he said to them 'Surely I saw what you
  did, and nothing prevented me from coming out to
  you, save that I feared that that prayer would
  be made obligatory upon you.' And that was during
  Ramadan." Related by the group except for
  at-Tirmidhi

17
Reports Concerning the Number of Rakat the
Prophet Prayed

• Aishas reports
• Aishah said The Messenger of Allah never prayed
  more than eleven rakat, during Ramadan or
  otherwise. Bukhari and Muslim
• Aishah said The Messenger of Allah's prayer
  during the night would be ten rak'at and then he
  would make witr with one rakah. Bukhari and
  Muslim
• Aishah said Allahs Messenger prayed at night,
  in Ramadan and other months, thirteen rakat, of
  which were the two rakat of Fajr. Muslim
• Aishah said Allahs Messenger rayed thirteen
  rakat at night. Then after hearing the call for
  fajr prayer, he would pray two short rakat.
  Bukhari

18
Reports Concerning the Number of Rakat the
Prophet Prayed

• Jabirs reports
• Jabir bin Abdullah reported The Messenger of
  Allah led us one night during Ramadan, praying
  eight rakat and witr. On the following night, we
  gathered in the Masjid hoping that he will come
  out again to lead the prayer. We stayed there
  until the morning. The we entered and said, O
  Messenger of Allah! Last night we gathered in the
  Masjid hoping that you would lead us in the
  prayer. To which he replied, Indeed I feared
  that it would become an obligation on
  youTabarani

19
Reports Concerning the Number of Rakat the
Prophet Prayed

• Ibn Abbass Report and Its Weakness
• Al-Hafidh ibn Hajar comments As for what was
  recorded by Ibn Abu Shaybah, from the hadith of
  Ibn Abbas that Allahs Messenger used to pray in
  Ramadan twenty rakat and witr, it has a weak
  isnad furthermore it contradicts Aishas hadith
  in the two Sahihs. And she knows better than
  other people about the affairs of the Prophet at
  night. Fath ul-Bari
• Al-Hafidh az-Zaylai stated, The hadith of Ibn
  Abbas is very weak, as stated by as-Suyuti. Its
  problem arises from Abu Shaybah Ibrahim Bin
  Uthman, whose narrations are rejected.
• Al-Bukhari said, The scholars of hadith do not
  transmit his narrations.
• Ibn Main said, He is not trustworthy.
• Al-Jawzajani said, He is deposed.

20
Reports Concerning the Number of Rakat the
Prophet Prayed

• Reports from Omar
• Omar bin al-Khattab commanded Ubayy bin Kab and
  Tamim ad-Dari to lead the people in Qiyam with
  eleven rakat. The reciter would read one hundred
  ayat in each rakah until we had to lean on canes
  because of the long standing. We would not
  finish except with the arrival of fajr. Malik

21
Additional References to Fiqh us Sunnah

• The Night Prayers Qiyam and Taraweeh

Muhammad al-Jibali with works by Sheikh al-Albani
22
Questions

• Jazakum Allah Khayran

May Allah increase our knowledge! AMEEN