Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture

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Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture

• Feed additives (Sulfonamides)
• Sulfamerazine (fish grade) and Romet-30
• Effective for bacterial infections
• Toxicity may occur -
• Kidney damage (drug crystal formation in renal
  tubules)
• Clinical signs bloating/dropsy (stomach full of
  water)
• Commercial availability in feed has limited many
  problems

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Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture

• Sulfonamides (continued)
• Sulfamerazine (fish grade)
• No longer available
• Romet-30
• Suggested dose (furunculosis) 50mg/kg fish/day
  for 5 to 7 days
• Also effective for ESC

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Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture

• Terramycin (oxytetracycline) TM50
• Generally drug of choice in aquaculture
• Recommended dose 55-83mg/Kg fish/day for 10
  days
• Effective against gram neg. bacteria (BKD?)
• ERM, Furunculosis, CWD, etc.
• Should not be fed on prophylactic basis!
• Resistance to oxytetracycline can occur in most
  bacterial fish pathogens (Meyer and Schnick 1989)

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Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture

• Therapeutants added to water
• Methods
• Static bath most reliable for
  raceways/tanks/troughs
• Constant flow safe and can be used in most
  situations when fish reared in running water
• Prolonged
• Chemicals
• Formalin
• Most widely used agent in fish culture
• (solution contains 37 formaldehyde in water)

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Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture

• Chemicals (cont.)
• Quaternary Ammonium compounds
• Benzalkonium chloride/Hyamine
• Now only limited use in food fish
• Potassium Permanganate
• Strong oxidizing agent

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Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture

• Chemicals (cont.)
• Copper Sulfate
• Algaecide/bactericide/parasiticide
• Can produce kidney necrosis, destruction of
  hematopoietic tissue, increased liver fat and
  inhibition of digestive enzymes.
• NaCl (salt)
• Most overlooked treatment
• Can be very effective
• 3 recommended if possible (10-30 min)

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