DISASTER

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• DISASTER
• MANAGEMENT

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LT COL KARESH PRASADPRINCIPAL Peoples College
of NursingBhopal
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Definition

• An occurrence resulting such an extra ordinary
  measure of damage and the consequences cannot be
  dealt with by existing infra structural,
  technical and emergency medical services there by
  requiring additional assistance from outside

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Definition-contd-

• Disruption / threat to public safety /order
  caused by natural happening , accident /explosion
  /similar incident of so serious a nature that it
  can be dealt with only through employment of
  units and facilities held in readiness for such
  an emergency

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Definition-contd-

• Ecological disruptions which exceeds the
  communitys capacity of adjustment so that
  outside assistance is required
• Sudden extra ordinary calamity of catastrophe
  which affects or threatens health

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characteristics

• Sudden occurreance
• Vastness of damage
• Loss of life and property
• Lack of correct and timely information
• Panic and anxiety
• Lack of preparedness Delayed response
• Bureaucratic delay in decision making

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IMPORTANT WORLD DISASTERS
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IMPORTANT WORLD DISASTERS Contd.
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IMPORTANT WORLD DISASTERS Contd.
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IMPORTANT WORLD DISASTERS Contd.
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TYPES OF DISASTERS

• MAN MADE
• War
• Riots
• Accidents

• NATURAL
• Under Earth
• On Earth
• Metrological
• Biological

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NATURAL DISASTERS

• UNDER EARTH
• earth quake
• volcanic eruptions

• ON EARTH
• Land Slide
• Avalanches
• Forest Fires

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NATURAL DISASTERS Contd.

• METROLOGICAL
• Cyclones
• Floods
• Draughts
• Hail Storm
• Snow Storm
• Tornados

• BIOLOGICAL
• Epidemic

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MAN MADE DISASTERS

• WAR
• Conventional
• - Mines
• - Bombs
• Chemical
• Biological
• Nuclear

• RIOTS

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MAN MADE DISASTERS Contd.

• TRAFFIC ACCIDENT
• Air
• Rail
• Ship
• Road
• DOMESTIC ACCIDENT

• INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT
• Gas Leakage
• Radiation
• Gun Powder Fire
• Factory Fire
• River Pollution
• Insect Infection

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PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER PLANNINGWHILE PLANNING
DISASTER MANAGEMENT CONSIDER -Characteristic -Ty
pe -Available Resources -Plan should be simple
and easy to understand -Should be clear and
concise -Allow for flexibility and possible
adjustments without disrupting the entire
structure
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PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER PLANNING -contdIn the
Hospital Plan should be followed within the
normal established hospital procedureIt
should be practiced regularly it must involve
and motivate all the participants.It must be
reviewed and update regularlyHOSPITAL SHOULD
PREPARE SOP FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
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PREDICTION AND PREVENTION OF DISASTER

• PRE DISASTER PHASE
• -Advance planning
• -Careful analysis of past disasters
• -Integrate health in multi disciplinary planning
• -Access to other hospital services
• PRE IMPACT PHASE
• -Time of warning

• IMPACT PHASE
• -Disaster strikes
• -Destruction death occurs
• -Lasts for few seconds/week
• -Immediate rescue relief
• -Decentralized pre disaster planning
• -Planning at community level and education

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PREDICTION AND PREVENTION OF DISASTER Contd.

• RELIEF PHASE
• -Begins when assistance-Reaches with intervention
  of ill in formed and unprepared personnel
• -Relief should be carefully directed

• Evaluate
• Need
• -Damage
• -Casualties
• -Hazards
• -Inventory
• REHABILITATION PHASE
• -Restoration of pre disaster
• stage

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NURSES ROLE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENTAim
-Rescue -Medical Care-Food and safe drinking
water-Prevention of epidemic out
break-Monetary Compensation -Rehabilitation
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NURSES ROLE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

• Disaster management
• - Identify Priorities
• - Maintain Essential Service
• - Medical Backup
• - Post Disaster Period

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NURSES ROLE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

• Administrative role-prepare
• -List of key personnel
• -Notification procedure
• -Disaster Organizational Chart
• -Training of volunteers
• -Orientation Programme
• -Training programme

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NURSES ROLE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

• SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENTS
• Medical and surgical Equipments
• Disaster supply charts
• Updating of supplies

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NURSES ROLE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

• RECORDS IDENTIFICATION OF CASUALTIES
• - Simple disaster record
• -Affix small tag to each casualty
• Rating
• Non urgent (Green)
• Urgent condition (Yellow)
• Emergency Transport (Red)
• Death (Black)

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NURSES ROLE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

• PUBLIC INFORMATION SYSTEM / CENTRE
• Maintain casualty list and other data
• Have all information related to hospitalization
• - Efficient communication link between triage and
  hospital

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NURSES ROLE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

• PROFESSIONAL ROLE
• Disaster triage At the scene of disaster
• Casualty
• Reduce loss of limb and life

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COMMUNITY MEASURES

• PRE DISASTER PHASE
• -Advance planning
• -Community participation
• Mock drill
• Mass education

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DISASTER PHASE

• PRE IMPACT PHASE
• -Safety measures
• -Time factor
• -Co-ordination

• IMPACT PHASE
• -Comprehensive Management
• -Assess priority
• -Identify specific needs
• -Provide psychological support
• -Help in early relief
• -Rehabilitation
• -Reconstruction

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COMMUNITY MEASURES Contd.

• -First Aid Medical Care
• -Life saving Resuscitation
• -Allay Panic
• -Avoid convergence behavior
• -Immediate rescue and relief
• -Professional Identification
• -Direct people to shelters

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COMMUNITY MEASURES Contd.

• -Gather information rapidly
• -Documentation
• -Assess number of Casualty Inflow
• -Arrange drugs and IV fluids
• -Assess Adequacy of casualty evaluation routs
• -Adequacy of space and building

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COMMUNITY MEASURES Contd.

• POST IMPACT PHASE - ENSURE
• -Appropriate first aid centre
• -Distribution of duties
• -Streamlining Efforts of Community
• -Immediate Aid
• Rescue material
• Shelters
• Food, Drugs Blankets

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COMMUNITY MEASURES Contd.

• POST DISASTER PHASE
• -Leadership Role
• -Immunization
• -Follow up Care
• -Nutritional Programme
• -Disposal of Dead
• -Hygiene and sanitation
• -Routine Health Services

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COMMUNITY MEASURES Contd.

• REHABILITATION-Starts from the moment disaster
  strikes ends with the restoration of normality
• - Medical
• - Surgical
• - Psychological
• - Vocational

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THANK YOU