AFSPC Briefing Template

1
Command and Control of Space Forces - A Weapon
System Approach NDIA 25 Aug 05
Col Tony Williams Division Chief AFSPC/XOZ
2
Overview

• The Challenge - Synchronizing Global Theater
  Space Effects to the Combatant Commander,
  Satisfying Timing Tempo Needs
• The Solution a Space C2 Weapon System
• Bottom Line

3
Overview

• The Challenge - Synchronizing Global Theater
  Space Effects to the Combatant Commander,
  Satisfying Timing Tempo Needs
• The Solution a Space C2 Weapon System
• Bottom Line

4
OIF Warfighters Reliance on Space
TSTs

• Navigation 24/7 GPS Enhanced Theater support
  enabled Time Sensitive Dynamic Targeting for
  OIF
• 70 of all munitions used GPS
• Weather NASAs Aqua DoDs DMSP sats predicted
  23-24 March sandstorms, warning commanders and
  troops

• Missile Warning Space IR systems detected 1,493
  provided missile events
• CSAR Space enabled largest Joint Search and
  Rescue operations in history
• 55 missions, 73 people saved (Pvt. Lynch rescue
  utilized ISR, UAVs linked by SATCOM)
• SATCOM ATO transmissions over MILSTAR took 6
  sec air delivered in Gulf War
• 750 Tomahawk missile updates were transmitted
  via SATCOM
• Communications capacity increased from 100
  megabits to 2.6 gigabits commercial satellites
  provided 80 bandwidth
• ISR 24/7 coverage enabled 116 C4I targets,
  including 10 media facilities

Space Systems Are Now an Accepted, Proven and
Mandatory Element of National Military Power
5
Space C2 Capabilities are Fragmentary and Ad Hoc
TBMCS
GCCS
SBMCS
CCIC2S
GCSS
6
Operational Command Flow for Space Forces
Recent Componency Changes Increase the Challenge
for C2 of Space Forces in providing space effects
at the timing and tempo needed by the Theater
7
JFCC SGS Distributed Operations
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Summary of the Need

• Capability to gain and maintain situation
  awareness of all space related activities
• Capability to plan, task, and direct space forces
  to provide timely effects in support of the
  warfighter
• Net centricity Service Oriented Architecture
• JC2 interoperability requirements

9
Overview

• The Challenge - Synchronizing Global Theater
  Space Effects to the Combatant Commander,
  Satisfying Timing Tempo Needs
• The Solution a Space C2 Weapon System
• Implementation Strategy
• Bottom Line

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(No Transcript)
11
Space C2 WS Defined
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Space C2 WS Employs NC SOA, shared with SSA
Community
GIG
Status and Tasking
Status and Tasking
Tasking and Mission Data
Assured Access
Space Superiority
Global Surveillance Targeting and Tracking (GSTT)
Global Information Services (GIS)
SSA
OCS
DCS
Other Services e.g., Value Added Processing
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
Space C2 Services eg. Space Tasking
SSA Services eg. Sensor Tasking, Fusion
Core Enterprise Services (Service Discovery. Data
Discovery, Security, etc.)
Other UDOPs
SSA UDOP
Space C2 UDOP
Key Source
13
Space C2 Weapon System Systems
GIG
Status and Tasking
Status and Tasking
Tasking and Mission Data
Space Superiority
Assured Access
Global Surveillance Targeting and Tracking (GSTT)
Global Information Services (GIS)
SSA
OCS
DCS

• Space Control Center
• Space Surveillance Network and sensor sites
• Space Based sensors
• DCS systems
• OCS systems

• Satellite Operations
• Range Assets
• Launch Systems

• Missile Warning
• Space Based
• Ground Based
• Space Radar

• Comm
• Wideband
• Protected
• Narrowband
• Broadcast
• Environmental
• Timing Navigation
• Blue Force Tracking

Other Services e.g., Value Added Processing
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
Space C2 Services eg. Space Tasking
SSA Services eg. Sensor Tasking, Fusion
Core Enterprise Services (Service Discovery. Data
Discovery, Security, etc.)
Other UDOPs
SSA UDOP
Space C2 UDOP
Key Source

• Includes liaison/coordination with
  National/Civil/Commercial/Allied Spaced Assets

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Space C2 Weapon System Types of Information
GIG
Status and Tasking
Status and Tasking
Tasking and Mission Data
Space Superiority
Assured Access
Global Surveillance Targeting and Tracking (GSTT)
Global Information Services (GIS)
SSA
OCS
DCS
Other Services e.g., Value Added Processing
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
Space C2 Services eg. Space Tasking
SSA Services eg. Sensor Tasking, Fusion
Core Enterprise Services (Service Discovery. Data
Discovery, Security, etc.)
Other UDOPs
SSA UDOP
Key Source
Space C2 UDOP
15
Space C2 Weapon System Initially Focusedon Two
Key Processes

• MAINTAIN INTEGRATED SPACE PICTURE
• Events in the Medium of Space
• Conjunctions, Maneuvers, NFLs, Payload
  assessment, Red/Gray Space Order of Battle
• Space environment assessment projections
• Blue space asset status and projections
• Constellation / system health status
• Maintenance launch schedules
• Capability predictions by time or region

• ENABLE SPACE TASKING
• CYCLE
• Continuous Flexible process to produce
• Space Ops Directive
• Strategies
• Priorities
• Master Space Plan
• Asset-to-Task Resource Allocation
• Space Tasking Order (S-T-O)
• Apply CDRJSO Combatant Commanders Intent,
  Priorities Objectives, ROE, ATO/SPINS

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NCES-SOA
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Falconer AOC vs JSpOC Core Process

• Falconer AOC
• Executes Joint Targeting Cycle
• Strategy-to-task process
• Effects-based operations
• Requires internal external coordination
• Some activities span more than a single tasking
  cycle
• 24/7 operations (when activated)
• Supports coalition operations
• Operations planned at multiple security level
• Intel critical throughout
• Theater responsibilities
• Single COCOM focus
• Crisis operations
• Up to 2500 taskings per ATO
• Assets assigned/attached for single theater
  support

• Joint Space Operations Center
• Executes Joint Targeting Cycle
• Strategy-to-task process
• Effects-based operations
• Requires internal external coordination
• Some activities span more than a single tasking
  cycle
• 24/7 operations
• Supports coalition operations
• Operations planned at multiple security levels
• Intel critical throughout
• Global responsibilities balanced w/ theaters
  support requirements
• Services National, DoD, Civil and foreign
  customers
• Peacetime and crisis operations coexist and
  support integrated globally
• Average 25 taskings per S-T-O
• Assets are global requiring deconfliction across
  battlespace

DIFFERENCES SIMILARITIES
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Space C2 WS Development Approach
Incremental Steps towards Comprehensive
Net-Centric Space C2 WS
SBMCS Worldwide system and web client users NAV
ACC, AOF, Look Angles (LA), Mission Critical
Reporting System (MCRS), Automated Warning
Capability
Full ISP Full S-T-O Automation Sp C2 WS Block
X
Initial ISP GIS ISP SSA ISP Master
Space Plan Automation Sp C2 WS
Global View (CJMTK) Space OB DSCS Data
SIRS MCRS SISP 1.0
Global View (ICSF) MCRS SIRS SISP Prototype
AOF MCRS SBMCS
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Space C2 WS Development Approach
Incremental Steps towards Comprehensive
Net-Centric Space C2 WS
SISP Prototype Initial developmental effort to
consolidate dispersed information into a single
integrated picture Global Status View, Mission
Critical Reporting System (MCRS) Alerts, SATCOM
Interference Reporting System (SIRS) Alerts, RFI
Geo-location data, SATCOM User Information
Full ISP Full S-T-O Automation Sp C2 WS Block
X
Initial ISP GIS ISP SSA ISP Master
Space Plan Automation Sp C2 WS
Global View (CJMTK) Space OB DSCS Data
SIRS MCRS SISP 1.0
Global View (ICSF) MCRS SIRS SISP Prototype
AOF MCRS SBMCS
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Space C2 WS Development Approach
Incremental Steps towards Comprehensive
Net-Centric Space C2 WS
SISP 1.0 Net-centric SOA system development, New
Web Services for Simple Access, NAV ACC, AOF,
Look Angles (LA), Combined AOF LA, HF
Propagation, Sat Cat, Space Support Request,
S-T-O, Mission Critical Reporting System (MCRS)
Full ISP Full S-T-O Automation Sp C2 WS Block
X
Initial ISP GIS ISP SSA ISP Master
Space Plan Automation Sp C2 WS
Global View (CJMTK) Space OB DSCS Data
SIRS MCRS SISP 1.0
Global View (ICSF) MCRS SIRS SISP Prototype
AOF MCRS SBMCS
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Space C2 WS Development Approach
Incremental Steps towards Comprehensive
Net-Centric Space C2 WS
Sp C2 WS Initial Space C2 Weapon System
capability providing an integrated command and
control system Integrated Space Picture, Space
Tasking Order Development tool
Full ISP Full S-T-O Automation Sp C2 WS Block
X
ISP GIS ISP SSA ISP Master Space Plan
Automation Sp C2 WS
Global View (CJMTK) Space OB DSCS Data
SIRS MCRS SISP 1.0
Global View (ICSF) MCRS SIRS SISP Prototype
AOF MCRS SBMCS
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Space C2 WS Development Approach
Incremental Steps towards Comprehensive
Net-Centric Space C2 WS
Sp C2 WS Block X Net-centric Service Oriented
Architecture capability, Expanded space data
access, fully capable Integrated Space Picture,
Space Tasking Order Automation, Robust
Strategy-to-Task Tool
Full ISP Full S-T-O Automation Sp C2 WS Block
X
ISP GIS ISP SSA ISP Master Space Plan
Automation Sp C2 WS
Global View (CJMTK) Space OB DSCS Data
SIRS MCRS SISP 1.0
Global View (ICSF) MCRS SIRS SISP Prototype
AOF MCRS SBMCS
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Space C2 WS Way Ahead
HPT
FY 06
FY 07
3 Ltr Coord
Enabling Concept
Periodic Reviews
2 Ltr Coord
Final
Org Construct
6 month review
Stand-up
Proposal
C2 Int in all Sp Programs, Documents updates,
etc.
Vision 2.0
Group
AFSPC Appr
Cost Est
FY 08 POM
Defend HQAF
HQ AF, STRATCOM, AS2ISRC, ISAG, etc.
Advocacy
C2 SSA COI Pilot
Development -SISP 1.0 -Prototype -SpC2S
10.1 -Other Efforts -SpC2S 20
Field
FDE
CDR
Eval/Exercise
Eval/Exercise
Dev
Dev
Field
Automate Integrated Space Picture, Automate S-T-O
Process
JSpOC Baseline, SCTD, GPS Interface, SBIRS
Tasker, Deconfliction, COI Pilot, JSpOC-X, RAIDRS
Refinement
Initial Planning
Execution Prep
CC Updates
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Jan 06
Apr
Jul
Oct
Jan 07
Apr
Jul
Oct
Jan 08
June
24
Overview

• The Challenge - Synchronizing Global Theater
  Space Effects to the Combatant Commander,
  Satisfying Timing Tempo Needs
• The Solution a Space C2 Weapon System
• Bottom Line

25
Benefits Bottom Lines

• NC is cool, will bring good things to all mankind
• Syncronization of timing/tempo/effects enables
  Space to exponentially improve how it supports
  theater