Upper Arm, Elbow, and Forearm Conditions

1
Upper Arm, Elbow, and Forearm Conditions

• Chapter 12

2
Anatomy

• Bones
• Humerus
• Radius
• Ulna
• Joints
• Humeroulnar
• Humeroradial
• Proximal Radioulnar

• Ligaments
• Muscles
• 23 overlapping muscles provide stability

3
Humeroulnar

• Hinge joint
• Articulation between the trochlea of the humerus
  articulates with the trochlear fossa of the ulna
• Flexion and extension

4
Humeroradial

• Gliding joint
• Spherical capitellum of the humerus and the
  proximal radius

5
Proximal Radioulnar Joint

• Pivot Joint
• Head of the radius binded to the radial notch of
  the ulna by the annular ligament
• Pronation and supination

6
Ligaments of the Elbow

• Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligament
• Anterior
• Posterior
• Transverse
• Lateral (Radial) Collateral Ligament
• Lateral Ulnar Collateral
• Radial Collateral
• Annular
• Accessory ligaments

7
Bursae

• Subcutaneous olecranon bursa
• Between the olecranon and the skin surface

8
Flexion

• Brachialis (primary mover)
• Biceps Brachii
• Brachioradialis
• Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
• Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

9
Extension

• Triceps Brachii (primary mover)
• Anconeus

10
Pronation

• Pronator Quadratus (primary mover)
• Pronator Teres

11
Supination

• Supinator (primary Mover)
• Biceps (when elbow is flexed)

12
Contusions

• Contusions
• Olecranon Bursitis
• Acute and Chronic Bursitis
• Septic and Nonseptic Bursitis

13
Sprains

• Sprains
• Anterior Capsulitis
• Dislocations

14
Strains

• Strains
• Flexor Strains
• Extensor Strains
• Compartment Syndrome

15
Overuse Conditions

• Medial Epicondylitis
• Common Extensor Tendinitis (Lateral
  Epicondylitis)
• Neural Entrapment Injuries

16
Fractures

• Epiphyseal and Avulsion Fractures
• Stress Fractures
• Osteochondritis Dessicans
• Displaced and Undisplaced Fractures