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Chapter 14

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... Elbow and Forearm. Pages 497 - 506. Clinical Evaluation of the Elbow ... Many structures of the upper extremity insert or originate at elbow. Range of Motion ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 14


1
Chapter 14 The Elbow and Forearm
  • Pages 497 - 506

2
Clinical Evaluation of the Elbow and Forearm
  • Valgus/varus stress
  • Hyperextension
  • Direct blow
  • Overuse

3
History
  • Location of symptoms (Table 14-2, pg 498)
  • Onset of symptoms
  • Mechanism of injury
  • Repetitive stresses
  • Technique
  • Associated sound and sensation
  • Previous history
  • General medical health

4
Inspection of Anterior Structures
  • Carrying Angle
  • Women - 10 to 15 degrees of valgus
  • Men 5 to 10 degrees of valgus
  • Figure 14-9, page 499
  • Cubital valgus and varus
  • Cubital Fossa
  • Marked by brachioradialis (lat) and pronator
    teres (med)
  • Brachial artery, radial and ulnar arteries,
    median nerve, musculocutaneous nerve
  • Figure 14-10, page 499

5
Inspection of Medial Structures
  • Medial epicondyle
  • Flexor muscle group
  • Loss of girth may be due to immobilization or
    disuse

6
Inspection of Lateral Structures
  • Alignment of wrist and forearm
  • Cubital recurvatum
  • Figure 14-11, page 500
  • Extensor muscle group
  • Loss of girth may be due to immobilization or
    disuse

7
Inspection of Posterior Structures
  • Bony alignment
  • When flexed to 90 degrees medial epicondyle,
    lateral epicondyle, and olecranon process form
    isosceles triangle
  • When extended structures lie in straight line
  • Olecranon process and bursa
  • Figure 14-12, page 500

8
Palpation
  • Many structures of the upper extremity insert or
    originate at elbow

9
Range of Motion
  • AROM
  • Goniometry, Box 14-1, page 504
  • Flexion and Extension
  • 145-155 degrees of flexion
  • Extension at 0 degrees, hyperextension common
  • Pronation and supination
  • Neutral position
  • Total ROM 170-180 degrees

10
Range of Motion
  • PROM
  • Flexion and Extension
  • Figure 14-16, page 505
  • End-feels
  • Pronation and supination
  • End-feel
  • Pronation hard or firm (stretching of
    radioulnar ligaments)
  • Supination Firm (stretching of radioulnar
    ligaments)

11
Range of Motion
  • RROM
  • Box 14-2, page 506
  • Figure 14-17, page 507
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