Intel® Core™ Duo Processor

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Intel Core Duo Processor

• Behrooz Jafarnejad
• Winter 2006

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• 2006 PC WorldWorld Class Award
• July 2006
• Intel Core Duo processor named Product of the
  Year by PC World.

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Outline

• Microprocessor After Pentium Pro
• Intel Core Duo Processor Overview
• Microarchitecture
• Intel Core 2 Duo Vs. AMD AM2
• Resources

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Microprocessor Hall Of Fame

• 1995 Intel Pentium Pro Processor
• Released in the Fall of 1995.
• 5.5 million transistors.
• Designed for 32-bit server and workstation
  applications.
• Packaged with a second speed-enhancing cache
  memory chip.

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Microprocessor Hall Of Fame

• 1997 Intel Pentium II Processor
• 7.5 million transistor.
• incorporates Intel MMX technology, which is
  designed specifically to process video, audio and
  graphics data efficiently.
• high-speed cache memory chip.

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Microprocessor Hall Of Fame

• 1999 Intel Pentium III Processor
• 9.5 million transistors.
• Using 0.25-micron technology.
• 70 new instructions that enhance the performance
  of
• Advanced imaging
• 3D
• Streaming audio, video

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Microprocessor Hall Of Fame

• 2000 Intel Pentium 4 Processor
• 42 million transistors.
• Circuit lines of 0.18 microns.
• Intel's first microprocessor, the 4004, ran at
  108 KHz, compared to the Intel Pentium 4
  processor's initial speed of 1.5 GHz. If
  automobile speed had increased similarly over the
  same period, you could now drive from San
  Francisco to New York (about 4100 Km) in about 13
  seconds.

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Microprocessor Hall Of Fame

• 2006 The Intel Core Duo processor
• 151 million transistor.
• Using 65 nm technology.
• 2.33 2.50 GHz Clock Frequency.
• 4-wide, 14 stage pipeline.
• Low power consumption.

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Benefits

• New Microarchitecture
• Low Power.
• Higher Performance.
• At Home
• Ultra-quiet.
• Sleek and low-power computing.
• For IT
• Reduced footprints
• Lower power
• Energy efficiency across client and server
  platforms.
• For Mobile Users
• greater computer performance and battery life to
  enable a variety of small form factors that
  enable world-class computing "on the go.

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Intel Core2 Duo Processor
(Formerly known by the codename Conroe)
New generation of technology
Intel Core microarchitecture
Revolutionary performance
High energy efficiency
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Five Key Innovations
Intel IntelligentPower Capability
Intel WideDynamic Execution
Intel SmartMemory Access
Intel AdvancedDigital Media Boost
Intel AdvancedSmart Cache
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Five Key Innovations
Intel WideDynamic Execution
Intel IntelligentPower Capability
4-wide 14-stage pipeline Macro-fusion
Intel SmartMemory Access
Intel AdvancedDigital Media Boost
Intel AdvancedSmart Cache
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Five Key Innovations
Intel IntelligentPower Capability
Intel WideDynamic Execution
Single-cycle128-bit SSE
Intel AdvancedDigital Media Boost
Intel SmartMemory Access
Intel AdvancedSmart Cache
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Five Key Innovations
Intel IntelligentPower Capability
Intel WideDynamic Execution
Intel SmartMemory Access
Intel AdvancedDigital Media Boost
Shared L2 cache
Intel AdvancedSmart Cache
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Five Key Innovations
Intel IntelligentPower Capability
Intel WideDynamic Execution
Advanced Pre-fetch MemoryDisambiguation
Intel SmartMemory Access
Intel AdvancedDigital Media Boost
Intel AdvancedSmart Cache
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Five Key Innovations
Intel IntelligentPower Capability
Intel WideDynamic Execution
Advanced Power Gating
Intel SmartMemory Access
Intel AdvancedDigital Media Boost
Intel AdvancedSmart Cache
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Intel Wide Dynamic Execution

• Fetch
• Dispatch Decode (Read from Memory)
• Execute
• Retire up Write Back
• Macro-Fusion combination of certain common x86
  instructions into a single instruction for
  execution.

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Pipeline Concept
In Computing, a pipeline is a set of data
processing elements connected in series, so that
the output of one element is the input of the
next one. The elements of a pipeline are often
executed in parallel or in time-sliced fashion
in that case, some amount of buffer storage is
often inserted between elements.
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Intel Wide Dynamic Execution

• Dynamic execution is a combination of such
  techniques
• Data-Flow Analysis.
• Out-of-Order Execution (OoOE).
• Speculative Execution.
• Super Scalar.
• Intel first implemented these techniques in the
  P6 microarchitecture used in the Pentium Pro
  processor, Pentium II processor and Pentium III
  processors.

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Intel Wide Dynamic Execution

• It enables delivery of more instructions per
  clock cycle to improve execution time and energy
  efficiency.
• Every execution core is 33 percent wider than
  previous generations, allowing each core to
  fetch, dispatch, execute and retire up to four
  full instructions simultaneously.

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Intel Advanced Digital Media Boost

• SIMD
• In computing, SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple
  Data) is a technique employed to achieve data
  level parallelism, as in a vector or array
  processor.
• SSE (Streaming SIMD Extensions)
• is a SIMD instruction set designed by INTEL and
  introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series
  processors as a reply to AMD's 3DNow! (which had
  debuted a year earlier).
• contains 70 new instructions.
• SSE2/SSE3 are later versions of SSE.

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Intel Advanced Digital Media Boost

• Enables these 128-bit instructions to be
  completely executed at a throughput rate of one
  per clock cycle, effectively doubling the speed
  of execution for these instructions as compared
  to previous generations.
• This feature significantly improves performance
  when executing Streaming SIMD Extension
  (SSE/SSE2/SSE3) instructions
• Video, Speech and Image (MPEG).
• Photo Processing.
• Encryption.

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Intel Advanced Smart Cache

• The Intel Advanced Smart Cache is a multi-core
  optimized cache that significantly reduces
  latency to frequently used data, thus improving
  performance and efficiency by increasing the
  probability that each execution core of a
  multi-core processor can access data from a
  higher-performance, more efficient cache
  subsystem.

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Intel Smart Memory Access

• Optimizing the use of the available data
  bandwidth from the memory subsystem .
• Includes a new capability called Memory
  Disambiguation, which increases the efficiency
  of out-of-order processing by providing the
  execution cores with the built-in intelligence to
  speculatively load data for instructions that are
  about to execute before all previous store
  instructions are executed.

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Intel Intelligent Power Capability

• A set of capabilities designed to reduce power
  consumption and design requirements.
• This feature manages the runtime power
  consumption of all the processor's execution
  cores and allocates energy to the part which
  needs energy.

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New levels of performance and power efficiency
based on Intel CoreTM Microarchitecture
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Intel Core 2 Duo Vs. AMD AM2

• The results from SYSmark 2004SE, which simulates
  real-life workloads for both Internet Content
  Creation and Office Productivity. The
  content-creation part uses apps like Photoshop,
  3ds Max, Dreamweaver, and more, while the
  office-productivity tests use typical office
  apps, such as PowerPoint, Word, and Excel.

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Intel Core 2 Duo Vs. AMD AM2
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Intel Core 2 Duo Vs. AMD AM2
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Intel Core 2 Duo Vs. AMD AM2
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Resources

• Intel.com
• PCWorld.com
• ExtremeTech.com
• Wikipedia.org
• Microsoft.com

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Thanks for your attention
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Any Question?