Plants

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Plants
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Evolutionary Past

• Cyanobacteria
• Blue- green algae
• Photosynthetic
• Responsible for the marked increase in Oxygen
  2000 million years ago

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Cyanobacteria Evidence

• DNA shows the first green plants evolved from
  prokaryotes between 2500 and 1000 million years
  ago.
• Same chlorophyll in algae and land plants.

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Endosymbiosis

• a symbiotic relationship between two organisms in
  which one of the two organisms (the endosymbiont)
  lives inside the body of the other one (the
  host).

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Classification of Plants

• Kingdom - Plantae
• Division (-phyta)
• Class (-opsida)
• Subclass (-idae)
• Order (-ales)
• Family (-aceae)
• Genus
• Species (Genus specific epithet)

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Magnolia grandiflora

• Plantae--includes all plants
• Magnoliophyta--flowering plants
• Magnoliopsida--dicots
• Magnoliidae--subclass for Magnolia-like plants
• Magnoliales--order for Magnolia-like plants
• Magnoliaceae--family for Magnolia-like plants
• Magnolia--genus that includes all Magnolias
• grandiflora--specific epithet

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Circumscription of Features

• A new condition is added at each step to set up
  a category that is MOST specific.
• Example
• Things with wheels buses, cars, bicycles,
  skates, airplanes, trains, etc.
• And is ground transport buses, cars, bicycles,
  trains
• And can carry more than one person buses, cars,
  trains
• And runs on rails trains
• http//www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/tfplab/lab1a.htmta
  xonomy

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Four major lineages

• Nonvascular
• lack xylem phloem seeds
• Seedless vascular
• have xylem phloem, lack seeds
• Gymnosperms
• - have seeds, but not enclosed
• Angiosperms
• - enclosed seeds

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Examples
Seedless Vascular
Nonvascular
Dicot
Angiosperm
Gymnosperm
Monocot
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Nonvascular lifecycle
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Seedless vascular lifecycle
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Gymnosperm lifecycle
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Angiosperm lifecycle
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Classes of Angiosperms

• Monocotyledonae (Monocots)
• Very few are annuals
• Lilies, grasses, cattails, palms, yuccas,
  orchids, irises
• Dicotyledonae (Dicots)
• More primative, 1/6 are annuals
• Almost all kinds of trees and shrubs
• Snapdragons, mints, peas, sunflowers

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Monocot characteristics
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Dicot characteristics
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Parts of the flower

• PISTIL
• Stigma
• Style
• Ovary
• STAMEN
• Anther
• Filament

becomes the fruit
becomes the seed
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Reproductive Organs

• Close up of stigma, style and anthers in a tulip

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Works Cited retrieved 5/16/06

• http//www.personal.psu.edu
• http//www.biology.iastate.edu
• http//www.emc.maricopa.edu
• http//fybio.bio.usyd.edu.au
• http//scitec.uwichill.edu
• http//images.google.com/images
• http//www.cas.vanderbilt.edu

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