Reproductive Structures of Deuteromycetes (Agrios:442-444

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Reproductive Structures of Deuteromycetes
(Agrios442-444)

• Conidia on conidiophores
• Sporodochium
• Synemma
• Acervulus
• Pycnidium

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• Verticillium conidophores

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Acervulus (i)

• Open sporocarp, pushes through epidermis or
  cuticle of host
• Contains conidia
• Sterile hyphae - setae
• Colletotrichum

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Acervulus (i)
Macroscopic, note mucilage

• SEM

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Sporodochium (ia)

• Similar in appearance to acervuli, not as sunken
• Fusarium spp., Volutella spp.

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• sporodochia

Tubercularia (Nectria teleomorph) on twig
Perithecia
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Synnema (ata syn. Coremium, -a)

• compact or fused conidiophores, with branches and
  spores forming a headlike cluster.
• Ophiostoma and Leptographium species
• Tree pathogens
• Beetle pathogens

Dutch Elm Disease
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Dutch Elm Disease pathogen Ophiostoma novo-ulmi
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Pycnidium (ia)

• Closed sporocarp
• Contains conidia
• Flask shaped

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Cryphonectria (Endothia) parasitica
Causal agent of Chestnut blight

• Pycnidial ooze (conidial streaming)

• pycnidium

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Pycnidium

• Pycnidia of Septoria embedded in lesion
• Septoria species are common pathogens of
  vegetables

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Pycnidium
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Sclerotium (ia)

• Sclerotium
• Composed of hyphae
• Hard pigmented cover rind
• Hyphae inside and protected by rind

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• Ergot sclerotia

• Lettuce drop sclerotia

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• clamydospore

• clamydospore

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Chlamydospore

• thick walled conidia that function as a resting
  spore
• formed in hyphae or spore

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Early Blight of Potato/TomatoAlternaria
solaniconidia on conidiophore

• Target like lesions
• Leaf, stem, collar rot, tuber

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Conidia in Pycnidia
Septoria spp. (teleomorphMycosphaerella)
(Agrios 460-462)

• Leaf spots (blotch) and blights, fruit spots
• Pycnidia develops in lesions

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Dieback of turf
Photo By Dr. Houston Couch
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• Filliform conidia of Septoria tritici

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Cryphonectria (Endothia) parasiticaChestnut
BlightAgrios 475-478, http//www.apsnet.org/onlin
e/feature/chestnut/top.html
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• NYC 1904
• Destroyed most chestnuts Eastern USA 1940

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• Cankers
• Girdling of stem

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• conidial ooze
• pycnidia

• Perithecia
• Ascospores ejected

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• Resistant Chestnuts Asia
• Biocontrol with hypovirulent strain (Wisconsin
  twist)
• 2006 find of R tree in Georgia?

• http//www.apsnet.org/online/feature/chestnut/