The Top 10 Basics of Special Education

1
The Top 10 Basics of Special Education
2
This module looks at
10...

• Steps in the special education process

5...
Acronyms to know
5...
Key terms defined
3
10
StepsThe Basics of Special Education Process
under IDEA
Step 1. Child is identified as possibly needing
special education and related services
4
10
StepsThe Basics of Special Education Process
under IDEA
Step 1. Child is identified as possibly needing
special education and related services
Step 2. Child is evaluated
5
10
StepsThe Basics of Special Education Process
under IDEA
Step 3. Eligibility is decided
Parents are part of the group that decides
eligibility
6
10
StepsThe Basics of Special Education Process
under IDEA
Step 3. Eligibility is decided
Yes
Step 4. Child is found eligible for services
7
10
StepsThe Basics of Special Education Process
under IDEA
Step 5. IEP meeting is scheduled
8
10
StepsThe Basics of Special Education Process
under IDEA
Step 6. IEP meeting is held, and the IEP is
written
9
10
StepsThe Basics of Special Education Process
under IDEA
Step 7. Services are provided
10
10
StepsThe Basics of Special Education Process
under IDEA
Step 8. Progress is measured and reported to
parents
11
10
StepsThe Basics of Special Education Process
under IDEA
Step 9. IEP is reviewed
Step 10. Child is reevaluated
12
Acronyms Defined
5
Guess what 5 acronyms are so important, they made
this list
13
Acronyms Defined
5
Yes, please bring me the alphabet soup.
14
Acronyms Defined
5
IDEA
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Our nations special education law
15
Acronyms Defined
5
FAPE
Free Appropriate Public Education
What States must make available to all eligible
children with disabilities
16
Acronyms Defined
5
FAPE
Free
17
Acronyms Defined
5
FAPE
Appropriate
18
Acronyms Defined
5
FAPE
Public
19
Acronyms Defined
5
FAPE
20
(No Transcript)
21
Acronyms Defined
5
IEP
Individualized Education Program
Every public school child with disabilities
receiving IDEA-funded special education must
have one
22
IDEAs Definition of IEP
300.22
300.320 300.324
23
5
Basics about the IEP

• Individualized
• Written plan for a childs education
• Written by parents and school staff together
• Lists the special education the child will
  receive, and more
• Is both a document and a process

24
Acronyms Defined
5
LRE
Least Restrictive Environment
Children with disabilities are to be educated
with children who do not have disabilities, to
the maximum extent appropriate
25
(No Transcript)
26
Acronyms Defined
5
TAD
Technical Assistance Dissemination Network
Need help?
27
Just the start of more acronyms!
TAD
NICHCY
NCEO
NECTAC
PTACs
RRCs
ETC ETC ETC
PBIS
NRCLD
FRC
FCTD
NIMAS
ECO
CADRE
NCCRESt
28
Acronyms Defined
5
IEP
TAD
IDEA
LRE
FAPE
29
The Top 10 Basics of Special Education
The final 5 of
30
Acronyms Defined
5
IEP
TAD
IDEA
LRE
FAPE
These dont add up to 10!
31
Definitions
10
All right, now Ill have 5 real words in
phrases, please.
32
(a) General. (1) Child with a disability means
a child evaluated in accordance with 300.304
through 300.311 as having mental retardation, a
hearing impairment (including deafness), a speech
or language impairment, a visual impairment
(including blindness), a serious emotional
disturbance (referred to in this part as
emotional disturbance), an orthopedic
impairment, autism, traumatic brain injury, an
other health impairment, a specific learning
disability, deaf-blindness, or multiple
disabilities, and who, by reason thereof, needs
special education and related services.
(2)(i) Subject to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this
section, if it is determined, through an
appropriate evaluation under 300.304 through
300.311, that a child has one of the disabilities
identified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section,
but only needs a related service and not special
education, the child is not a child with a
disability under this part. (ii) If,
consistent with 300.39(a)(2), the related
service required by the child is considered
special education rather than a related service
under State standards, the child would be
determined to be a child with a disability under
paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
Child with a Disability
Definition
6
33

• Child with a disability means a child evaluated
  in accordance with 300.304 through 300.311 as
  having

• autism
• deaf-blindness
• deafness
• emotional disturbance
• hearing impairment
• mental retardation
• multiple disabilities
• orthopedic impairment
• other health impairment
• specific learning disability
• speech or language impairment
• traumatic brain injury or
• visual impairment (including blindness)

and who, by reason thereof, needs special
education and related services.
34
(No Transcript)
35
C hild with a Disability
Under 300.8(b), a State may adopt a definition
of child with a disability that includes

• Children aged 3 through 9 who are experiencing
  developmental delays

36
D evelopmental Delay?
Defined by the State
Measured by appropriate diagnostic instruments
and procedures, in 1 or more of these areas

• physical development
• cognitive development
• communication development
• social or emotional development or
• adaptive development

Definition includes that all-important by reason
thereof
37

38
Special Education
Definition
7
specially designed instruction, at no cost to
parents, to meet the unique needs of a child with
a disability
This includes (A) instruction conducted in the
classroom, in the home, in hospitals and
institutions, and in other settings and (B)
instruction in physical education
39
Related Services
Definition
8
300.34 Related services. (a) General. Related
services means transportation and such
developmental, corrective, and other supportive
services as are required to assist a child with
a disability to benefit from special education,
and includes speech-language pathology and
audiology services, interpreting services,
psychological services, physical and occupational
therapy, recreation, including therapeutic
recreation, early identification and assessment
of disabilities in children, counseling services,
including rehabilitation counseling, orientation
and mobility services, and medical services for
diagnostic or evaluation purposes. Related
services also include school health services and
school nurse services, social work services in
schools, and parent counseling and training.
(b) Exception services that apply to children
with surgically implanted devices, including
cochlear implants. (1) Related services do not
include a medical device that is surgically
implanted, the optimization of that devices
functioning (e.g., mapping), maintenance of that
device, or the replacement of that device
40
Related Services
Definition
8
Related services means transportation and such
developmental, corrective, and other supportive
services
as are required to assist a child with a
disability to benefit from special education
41
Related Services
Definition
8
and includes

• speech-language pathology and audiology services
• interpreting services
• psychological services
• physical and occupational therapy
• recreation, including therapeutic recreation
• early identification and assessment of
  disabilities in children
• counseling services, including rehabilitation
  counseling
• orientation and mobility services
• medical services for diagnostic or evaluation
  purposes
• school health services and school nurse services
• social work services in schools
• parent counseling and training

42
How in the world
would you decide which related services a child
needs?
43
Related Services
Definition
8

• Related services do not include
• a medical device that is surgically implanted
• the optimization of that devices functioning
  (e.g., mapping)
• maintenance of that device or
• the replacement of that device

Exception services that apply to children with
surgically implanted devices, including cochlear
implants
44
Supplementary Aids and Services
Supplementary aids and services means aids,
services, and other supports that are provided
in regular education classes, other
education-related settings, and in
extracurricular and nonacademic settings, to
enable children with disabilities to be educated
with nondisabled children to the maximum extent
appropriate in accordance with 300.114
through 300.116
Definition
9
45
Transition Services
Definition
10
(a) Transition services means a coordinated set
of activities for a child with a disability
that (1) Is designed to be within a
results-oriented process, that is focused on
improving the academic and functional achievement
of the child with a disability to facilitate the
childs movement from school to post-school
activities, including postsecondary education,
vocational education, integrated employment
(including supported employment), continuing and
adult education, adult services, independent
living, or community participation (2) Is
based on the individual childs needs, taking
into account the childs strengths, preferences,
and interests and includes (i)
Instruction (ii) Related services (iii)
Community experiences (iv) The development of
employment and other post-school adult living
objectives and (v) If appropriate,
acquisition of daily living skills and provision
of a functional vocational
evaluation. (b) Transition services for
children with disabilities may be special
education, if provided as specially designed
instruction, or a related service, if required to
assist a child with a disability to benefit from
special education.
46
Transition services are intended to help youth
with disabilities make the transition from the
world of secondary school to the world of
adulthood
47
Transition Services
Definition
10
Transition services means a coordinated set of
activities for a child with a disability
that (1) Is designed to be within a
results-oriented process, that is focused on
improving the academic and functional achievement
of the child with a disability to facilitate the
childs movement from school to post-school
activities, including

• postsecondary education,
• vocational education,
• integrated employment (including supported
  employment),

• continuing and adult education,
• adult services,
• independent living, or
• community participation

48
Transition Services
Definition
10
(a) Transition services means a coordinated set
of activities for a child with a disability
that (1) Is designed to be within a
results-oriented process, that is focused on
improving the academic and functional achievement
of the child with a disability to facilitate the
childs movement from school to post-school
activities, including postsecondary education,
vocational education, integrated employment
(including supported employment), continuing and
adult education, adult services, independent
living, or community participation (2) Is
based on the individual childs needs, taking
into account the childs strengths, preferences,
and interests and includes (i) Instruction (
ii) Related services (iii) Community
experiences (iv) The development of employment
and other post-school adult living objectives
and (v) If appropriate, acquisition of daily
living skills and provision of a functional
vocational evaluation.
49
Transition Services
Definition
10
(a) Transition services means a coordinated set
of activities for a child with a disability
that (1) Is designed to be within a
results-oriented process (2) Is based on the
individual childs needs and
includes (i) Instruction (ii) Related
services (iii) Community experiences (iv) The
development of employment and other post-school
adult living objectives and (v) If appropriate,
acquisition of daily living skills and provision
of a functional vocational evaluation.
50
Tired yet?
51
Youve just consumed practically the entire
platter of special education and IDEAs most
essential concepts and principles.
52
Pasture Time, here we come.