What is BIOLOGY?

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What is BIOLOGY?

• What are its branches of study?

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Biology

• It is the study of living things

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Biology

• Characteristics of Life
• Livings things
• made up of basic units called (CELLS)
• a universal genetic code (DNA)
• Reproduce (BIRTH)
• grow and develop (MATURATION)

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Biology

• Characteristics of Life
• Livings things
• Obtain and use materials and energy (FOOD)
• respond to their environment (REACT)
• maintain a stable internal environment
  (HOMEOSTASIS)
• as a group they change over time. (EVOLVE)

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Life Characteristics cont.

• Basic units (CELLS)
• Cells are microscopic structures that are the
  smallest forms of life.
• Kingdoms of life that have cells are
• Animals, Plants, Bacteria, Fungi, and Protists.

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Life Characteristics cont.

• Universal genetic code- (DNA) is a macromolecule
  that contains information for new life.
• Molecular level information found in the cell of
  all life forms.
• Genetic Blueprint for new life

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Life Characteristics cont.

• Reproduce Give birth to new life.
• In order for life to continue for all species
  they must create new life in their own image.
• Sexual and Asexual reproduction is the process by
  which new life forms.

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Life Characteristics

• MATURATION - Grow and Develop
• Living things must go through stages.
• Life is a series of stages until death.
• Each stage of growth leads to new developments to
  recreate new life.
• Even death makes room for new life to inhabit the
  Earth.

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Life Characteristics cont.

• Get FOOD - Obtain and use materials and energy
• Living things need energy to grow, mature, and
  reproduce new living things.
• They must be able to seek and find nutrition.
• They must be able to create useful energy from
  the foods they obtain.

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Life Characteristics cont.

• REACT- Respond to their environment
• They must be able to recognize and react to
  external stimuli.
• They must be able to adapt to dangers
• They must be able to recognize opportunities to
  obtain nutrients.

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Life Characteristics cont.

• HOMEOSTASIS- maintain a stable internal
  environment
• They must be able to keep their inside
  environment the same no matter what is happening
  outside.
• Ex. Humans sweat when it is hot to keep cool.

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Life Characteristics cont.

• EVOLVE - as a group they change over time.
• Species adapt to their environment
• Dangers
• Predators learn to hunt
• Prey learn to hide
• Physical appearances of genus groups change
• Climate changes
• Some migrate to survive
• Some hibernate
• Some grow more fur

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Biology

• Branches
• Molecular Biology study of molecules
• Cellular Biology study of cells
• Botany study of plants
• Zoology study of animals
• Paleontology study of past life forms
• Ecology study of life interacting with the
  environment.

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Levels of Organization

• Biosphere - contains several ecosystems
• Ecosystem - all organisms in an area, including
  the non-living parts of their environment
• Community- groups of the same species
• Population - groups of the same species living
  together
• Molecules a pieces that form cell life.

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Levels of Organization cont.

• Organism living thing that is composed of
  organs.
• Groups of cells Groups of cells that work
  together
• Cells most basic life form some species exist
  only at this level

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