GM’s Alternative Propulsion Strategy

1
GMs Alternative Propulsion Strategy

• Jamal N. El-Hout,Vice President, Product
  Planning CV Operations

2
(No Transcript)
3

• Vehicle ownership is still growing worldwide
• 2020
• 15 vehicle ownership
• 1.1 billion vehicles
• Circle the earth 125 times

4
Europe is a continent with high diversity and
significant growth opportunity
Eastern Europe 12 countries 282m people 2.7m
vehicles/annum
Western Europe 16 countries 390m people 17.0 m
vehicles/annum
Central Europe 16 countries 195m people 2.2m
vehicles/annum
870m people44 countries 13 time zones
GM definition
5
Future emission requirements in Europe continue
to tighten dramatically
Legislation has already reduced emissions by over
90 from uncontrolled levels
PM (g/mile)
PM (g/km)
Allowable emissions will decrease by a factor of
10 within one decade
0.06
0.10
Euro 3
0.09
0.05
0.08
GMs diesel engines today emit
70 fewer particulates and 90 less NOx
than 10 years ago
0.07
0.04
0.06
0.03
0.05
Euro 4 (present)
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.02
Euro 5
NOX (g/mile)
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.01
0
0.5
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
NOX (g/km)
Euro 6
6
Energy and propulsion alternatives are many what
will dominate in the future?
Energy Resources
Energy Carriers
Propulsion Systems
Electric Vehicle
7
GM is committed to energy diversity
The key as we see it at GM is energy diversity
being able to offer our customers vehicles that
can be powered with many different sources of
energy. We must as a business necessity
develop alternative sources of propulsion, based
on alternative sources of energy, in order to
meet the worlds growing demand for our cars and
trucks.
Rick Wagoner Chairman and CEO General Motors
Corporation Geneva Motor Show, 6 March 2007
8
GM will continue to improve internal combustion
engines

• Gasoline engines Higher levels of fuel economy,
  power and torque
• Diesel engines Increased power and torque with
  reduced emissions and Noise / Vibration /
  Harshness
• Engine downsizing and turbocharging is a key
  trend
• Transmissions Higher levels of fuel economy and
  performance
• Past Achievements
• First to meet Euro 4 with Astra 1.7 diesel
• First to meet diesel particulate filter
  requirementswith Vectra 1.9 diesel

9
Saab BioPower Market Leader in Europe

• Europe
• Saab European market leader with 40 market
  share, ahead of Ford and Volvo
• North America
• GM market leader more than 2 Million vehicles
  on the road
• Brazil
• 90 of the vehicles sold by GM are FlexPower
  vehicles

Beyond Europe, ethanol is a major success for GM
10
Opel strong player with CNG applications

• Two major local markets Italy and Germany
• Total European market volume 45,000
  vehicles/annum
• 60 Italy, 30 Germany, 10 Sweden, Switzerland
  and Austria
• Opel 2nd largest manufacturer

11
GME works with partners on LPG and Biodiesel
Biodiesel
LPG
12
Mild and strong hybrids for multiple markets
13
Developing several hybrid systems
Battery Power
IC Engine Power
Total VehiclePower, Peak
Two Mode

• Engine start/stop at idle

• Complete cycle regen braking
• Electric launch
• Engine cycle optimization

• Engine off on deceleration
• Regen braking
• Electric Assist

• Engine downsizing

• Pure electrical drive

Micro Hybrid (Start Stop)
Strong Hybrid (Two-Mode AHS2)
Mild Hybrid (BAS)
14
Pursuing a large scale Fuel Cell program
Chevrolet Equinox demonstration fleet to be run
in the U.S. and in Europe
15
Today internal combustion prevails
Gasoline/Diesel engines 99 of Global Annual
Vehicle Production
Gasoline E85 E100 Diesel Bio-diesel
Transmission
IC Engine
Fuel Tank
Hybrids 1 of Global Annual Vehicle Production
Gasoline E85 E100 Diesel Bio-diesel

Electronic Motor
Battery
16
GMs E-Flex System comes in two versions

• Liquid Fuel
• Gasoline
• E85
• E100
• Diesel
• Biodiesel

Gasoline E85 E100 Diesel Biodiesel
IC Engine
Electric Motor
Generator
Battery
Plug
Fuel Tank
Hydrogen
Fuel Cell
Hydrogen
Electric Motor
Battery
17
E-Flex to support alternative propulsion programs

• Supports a variety of alternative technologies
  without having to change the whole powertrain and
  vehicle configuration
• Utilizes electricity from the grid as major
  propulsion source
• Avoids poor range and long charge-times of pure
  electric vehicles
• Supports both Fuel Cell Powertrains and
  powertrains with internal combustion engines

18
GMs first E-Flex application Chevrolet VOLT

• Global Compact Vehicle Based

19
GMs first E-Flex application Chevrolet VOLT

• Global Compact Vehicle Based
• Electric Drive Motor
• 120 kW peak power
• 320 Nm peak torque (236 lb-ft)

20
GMs first E-Flex application Chevrolet VOLT

• Global Compact Vehicle Based
• Electric Drive Motor
• 120 kW peak power
• 320 Nm peak torque (236 lb-ft)
• Li Ion Battery Pack
• 136 kW peak power
• 16 kWh energy content
• Home plug in charging

21
GMs first E-Flex application Chevrolet VOLT

• Global Compact Vehicle Based
• Electric Drive Motor
• 120 kW peak power
• 320 Nm peak torque (236 lb-ft)
• Li Ion Battery Pack
• 136 kW peak power
• 16 kWh energy content
• Home plug in charging
• Generator
• 53 kW

22
GMs first E-Flex application Chevrolet VOLT

• Global Compact Vehicle Based
• Electric Drive Motor
• 120 kW peak power
• 320 Nm peak torque (236 lb-ft)
• Li Ion Battery Pack
• 136 kW peak power
• 16 kWh energy content
• Home plug in charging
• Generator
• 53 kW
• Internal Combustion Engine
• 1.0L 3-cylinder turbo

23
GMs first E-Flex applicationChevrolet VOLT

• Putting it All Together

24
GM is delivering on its commitment to energy
diversity

• Continuing to improve efficiency of internal
  combustion engines
• Intensifying efforts to displace petroleum-based
  fuels with biofuels like E85 ethanol and CNG
• Deploying a consumer test fleet of more than 100
  fuel cell vehicles around the world
• Accelerating development of E-Flex technology
  for electric vehicles

25
(No Transcript)