Apartheid

1
Apartheid

• South Africas Challenge

2
1800s Race for Africa

• 1865 Dr. Livingstone set out to Africa
• The Berlin Conference, 1885
• By 1914 most of Africa was controlled by colonial
  powers

3
Independence

• 1910 South Africa won independence from Britain
• Freedom was limited to White settlers

4
1920s Pan-Africanism

• Lead by WEB Dubois
• Established the first Pan-African Congress that
  met in Paris in 1919.

5
After WWII

• After the war African Blacks began moving into
  cities and towns of Africa.
• Black Nationalism stirred demands for rights.

6
Afrikaner Response

• 1948 the Afrikaner National Party won a majority
  in a whites-only parliament
• They began to expand a system of racial
  separation
• Apartheid Separation

7
Apartheid Government

• All South Africans were registered by race
  Black, White, Colored (mixed race), and Asians
• Afrikaners argued
• separation would allow each race to develop its
  own culture independently.

8
In actuality

• Blacks had to carry passbooks
• Black women had to have permission to enter
  another district of town
• All Blacks were assigned homelands

9

• Mixed marriages were banned
• Separate segregated beaches, restaurants, and
  schools
• Blacks were paid less than Whites for the same
  jobs
• Black schools received less funding

10
Resistance

• In 1912 the ANC was set up to protest apartheid
• By the 1950s there were continually harsher
  regulations placed on natives by the Afrikaners
• During the 1960s government violence against
  protesters increased
• 1964 the ANC was outlawed

11
World Response

• 1980s the world community began laying sanctions
  against South Africa in opposition to apartheid
• 1984 Bishop Desmond Tutu won the Nobel Peace
  Prize for his opposition to apartheid
• 1990 Mandela was freed from prison

12
Free at last!

• In 1994 Mandela was elected president of South
  Africa
• Mandela stepped down from office in 1999