COMPLEMENTARY INHERITANCE AND SUPPLEMENTARY INHERITANCE

1
COMPLEMENTARY INHERITANCE SUPPLEMENTARY
INHERITANCE SUBMITED BY,M.THILAKAR,SCHOOL OF
LIFE SCIENCES,BHARAHTHI DASAN UNIVERSITY,TIRUCHI
RAPALLI.INDIA.
2
CELL BASIC UNIT OF LIFE

• Cellls are the basic unit of life.
• PROKARYTE Less than thousand of mm long and
  lacks a complicated system of internal membranes
  and membranous organouls.
• EUKARYOTE Larger then prokaryotes. Contain
  complicated internal membranes.
• They contain Cytoplasm, Nuleus, DNA, RNA, etc.,

3
CONT.....

• Hall mark of all Eukaryote cells is that their
  Hereditary material is contained within a large
  Membranes bounded strucuture called nucleus.
• Nuclei of Eukaryote cell is provoded a safe haven
  for DNA, which is organised into discrete
  structure called Cromosomes.
• Genes are located in Cromosome.
• Consisit of one Double Strand DNA molecule with
  an assortment of Proteins.
• In Prokarytes Plasmids Circular.

4
Mendelism

• Father of Genetics.
• 1822 1884.
• Gardening
• Pea plants.
• Natural History of Society, Brunn.
• Correns,
• De vries,
• Tshermark _at_ 1900.

5
Pea Plant

• Pea plants are Self Fertilizing plants.
• Cross ploniation is not difficult.
• Artificial Fertilzation is almost success.
• Short Life cycles.

6
(No Transcript)
7

• Law of Dominance Of the two alleles, one Allele
  expresses its Character in F1.
• Law of Segregation During Gamete formation, the
  Genes of a pair separate in Mieosis and each
  gamete receives only one / gamete.
• Law of independent Assortment genes for each
  pair of character seperate independently from
  those of other characters during gamete formation.

8
COMPLEMENTARY INHERITANCE
9
COMPLEMENTARY GENES

• Two or More Allelic dominant genes interact with
  each another to produce a Character
• But one gene cannot produce that character in the
  Absence of other.
• Action of these Independent genes are
  Complementary.
• Its a Non allelic gene Interaction.

10
Experiment 1 INERITANCE IN SWEET PEA PLANT

• Bateson and Punnet
• Flower color in Sweet pea plant, Lathyrus
  odoratus.
• Two varieties of Flower colors.
• 1. Red color, 2. White color
• Red color due to te Pigment Anthocyanin, from a
  colorless substance Chromogen by the action of
  Enzyme.

11

• Parents White x White
• Ccaa x ccAA
• GAMETES Ca x cA
• F1 CcAa
• Red
• F1 x F1
• Gametes CA Ca ca ca
• Chromogen Enzyme Anthocyanin.
• Gene C Chromogen
• Gene A Enzyme Ratio 9 7

12
INHERITANCE OF FLOWER COLOR IN SWEET PEA

• F2

GAMETES CA Ca Ca Ca
CA CCAA RED CCAa RED CCAa RED CcAa RED
Ca CCAa RED Ccaa WHITE Ccaa RED Ccaa WHITE
cA CcAA RED CcAa RED CcAa WHITE CcAa WHITE
ca CcAa RED Ccaa WHITE Ccaa WHITE Ccaa WHITE
13
RESULTS

• F2 GENERATIONS
• RED 9 WHITE 7
• Ratio 9 7
• Two or More Allelic dominant genes interact with
  each another to produce a SINGLE Character.
• But SINGLE gene cannot produce that character in
  the Absence of other.
• Action of these Independent genes are
  Complementary.

14
Experiment 2 PERICARP COLOR IN GRAINS OF BARELY

• Two varieties of Pericarp colors in grains. 1.
  Red color, 2. White color.
• Red color due to the Pigment Anthocyanin, from
  a colorless substance Chromogen by the action of
  Enzyme.
• If the enzyme absent, Anthocyanin can not be
  synthesized in cells.
• So anthocyanin needs both of Chromogen and enzyme.

15

• PARENTS WHTIE GRAIN x WHITE GRAIN
  ReRejj x rereJJ
• GAMETES Rej x reJ
• F1 RereJj
• Red Grain
• F1 x F1
• GAMETES ReJ reJ ReJ reJ

16
INHERITANCE OF PERICARP COLOR IN BARELYF2Ratio
9 7
GAMETES ReJ Rej reJ Rej
ReJ ReReJJ RED ReReJj RED RereJj RED RereJj RED
Rej ReReJj RED ReRejj WHITE RereJj RED Rerejj WHITE
reJ RereJJ RED RereJj RED rereJJ WHITE rereJj WHITE
Rej RereJj RED Rerejj WHITE rereJj WHITE rerejj WHITE
17
RESULTS

• F2 GENERATIONS
• RED 9 WHITE 7
• Ratio 9 7
• Two or More Allelic dominant genes interact with
  each another to produce a SINGLE Character.
• But SINGLE gene cannot produce that character in
  the Absence of other.
• Action of these Independent genes are
  Complementary.

18
SUPPLLEMENTARY INHERITANCE
19
SUPPLLEMENTARY GENES

• Two independent pairs of dominant genes, which
  interact in a such way that each dominant gene
  produces its effect whether the other is present
  or not.
• But even second dominannt gene is added to first,
  a new character is expressed.
• Non allelic interactions

20
Experiment 1 INERITANCE OF COMBS IN FOWLS

• Bateson and Punnet in 1908.
• In Fowls, Four types of Combs. 1. Rose, 2.
  Pea, 3. Walnut, 4.Single
• Rose R, Pea P.
• Rrpp Produces Single Comb type.
• If R P Walnut.

21

• PARENTS
• RED COMB MALE x PEA COMB FEMALE
• RRpp x rrPP
• GAMETES Rp x Rp
• F1 RrPP
• WALNUT
• F1 X F1
• GAMETES RP Rp rP rp

22
INHERITANCE OF COMBS IN FOWLSF2
GAMETES RP Rp rP rp
RP RRPP Walnut RRRp Walnut RrPP Walnut RrPp Walnut
Rp RRpp Walnut RRpp ROSE RrPp Walnut Rrpp ROSE
rP RrPP Walnut RrPp Walnut rrPP PEA rrPp PEA
Rp RrPp Walnut Rrpp ROSE rrPp PEA Rrpp Single
23
RESULTS

• F2 GENERATIONS
• WALNUT 9 ROSE 3
• PEA 3 SINGLE 1
• Ratio 9 3 3 1
• Two independent pairs of dominant genes interact
  in a such way.
• Each dominant gene produces its effect whether
  the other is present or not.
• But even second dominant gene is added to first,
  a new character is expressed.

24
Experiment 2Coat color in Mice

• Studied by Castle.
• 3 Types of Mice
• 1. Agouti, 2. Black, 3. Albino.
• Agouti - Dominant to Black and Albino.
• Albino - Recessive to Agouti and Balck.
• Black - Dominant ot Albino and
• Recessive to Agouti.

25

• PARENTS BLACK MALE x ALBINO FEMALE
• Bbaa x bbAA
• GAMETES Ba x Ba
• F1 BbAa
• Agouti
• F1 x F1
• GAMETES BA Ba bA ba

26
INHERITANCE IN COATS OF MICEF2
GAMETES BA Ba bA ba
BA BBAA AGOUTI BBAa AGOUTI BbAA AGOUTI BbAa AGOUTI
Ba BBAa AGOUTI Bbaa BLACK BbAa AGOUTI Bbaa BLACK
bA BbAA AGOUTI BbAa AGOUTI bbAA ALBINO bbAa ALBINO
ba BbAa AGOUTI Bbaa BLACK bbAa ALBINO Bbaa ALBINO
27
RESULTS

• F2 GENERATIONS
• AGOUTI 9 BLACK 3 ALBINO 4
• Ratio 9 3 4
• Two independent pairs of dominant genes interact
  in a such way.
• Each dominant gene produces its effect whether
  the other is present or not.
• But even second dominant gene is added to first,
  a new character is expressed.

28
REFERENCES

• GENETICS By Dr. P MEYYAN,
• SARAS PUBLICATION.
• PRINCIPLES OF GENETICS By D PETER SNUSTAD AND
  MICHAEL J SIMMONS
• JOHN WILEY SONS.

29
thank you.