Eco-Industrial Development

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What is Eco-Industrial Development?
Sponsored byCity of Modesto Presented by The
National Center for Eco-Industrial DevelopmentA
Joint Project of the University of Southern
California and Cornell University ModestoMarch
12, 2003
2
The National Center for Eco-Industrial
Development

• Grew out of a partnership between Leonard
  Mitchell (USC) and the late Ed Cohen-Rosenthal
  (Cornell University)
• to develop tools to expand the development of
  eco-industrial parks through-out the United
  States
• Funded by the Economic Development
  Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce and
  the Environmental Protection Agency

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Mission

• The mission of the National Center for
  Eco-industrial Development is to facilitate job
  creation and sustainable industrial expansion in
  distressed communities around the nation by
  applying principles of industrial ecology
  establishing eco-industrial parks, and expanding
  use of environmentally benign manufacturing
  processes and techniques.

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Outline

• What is Eco-Industrial Development?
• Industrial Ecology
• Eco-Industrial Development
• Eco-Industrial Parks
• Eco-Industrial Networks
• Benefits
• Risks
• Conditions for Favorable Eco-Industrial
  Development
• Examples of Eco-Industrial Development

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Eco-Industrial Development

• Concept and Approaches
• Pollution prevention/Waste minimization
• Byproduct exchange
• Green design
• Life cycle analysis
• Technological innovation
• Optimizing resource use
• Fostering networks among businesses

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Industrial Ecology

• "One of the most important concepts of industrial
  ecology is that, like the biological system, it
  rejects the concept of waste."
• - T. Graedel and B. Allenby, Industrial Ecology,
  1995

Waste equals food An ecological model of
commerce would imply that all wastes have value
to other modes of production so that everything
is either reclaimed, reused, or recycledThe
restorative economy comes down to this We need
to imagine a prosperous commercial culture that
is so intelligently designed and constructed that
it mimics nature at every step, a symbiosis of
company and customer and ecology. - Paul Hawken,
The Ecology of Commerce, 1993
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Domains of Industrial Ecology

• Technical
• Engineering perspective with technological
  innovation
• Business System and Networks
• Shared services, transportation, and facilities
• Community-Business Interactions
• Symbiotic networks
• 3 Es Economy, Environment, Equity

Source Mary Schlarb. Eco-Industrial
Development A Strategy for Building Sustainable
Communities, 2001
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Forms of Eco-Industrial Development

• Eco-Industrial Parks
• Co-located businesses
• Closed loop with significant byproducts
• Continuous environmental and societal
  improvements
• Eco-Industrial Networks
• Virtual EIPs Regional waste exchange network
• Optimize material flow efficiencies and scale
  economies through resource recovery and exchange
• EIN can bring scale economies required for
  developing a byproduct market

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Industrial Symbiosis Kalundborg, Denmark
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Eco-Industrial Development Strategies

• Resource Recovery, Pollution Prevention, and
  Cleaner Production
• Integration into Natural Ecosystems
• Industrial Clustering
• Green Design
• Anchor Tenant
• Life Cycle Assessment
• Deconstruction and De-manufacturing
• Environmental Management Systems
• Technological Innovation Continuous
  Environmental Improvement
• Job Training
• Public Participation and Collaboration

Source Mary Schlarb. Eco-Industrial
Development A Strategy for Building Sustainable
Communities, 2001
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Benefits

• Economic Efficiency and Profitability
• Job Creation
• Improved business attraction, expansion,
  retention
• Community Development
• Local import substitution
• Environmental justice
• Brownfields redevelopment
• Public-private partnerships
• Environmental Stewardship

Source Mary Schlarb. Eco-Industrial
Development A Strategy for Building Sustainable
Communities, 2001
12
Environmental Benefits

• Reduced greenhouse gas emissions
• Reduced air emissions improved community health
• Promotion of pollution prevention the 4 Rs
• Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover
• Improved resource conservation
• Promotion of green technology
• Increased environmental awareness
• Regeneration of green space

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Risks

• Financial
• Interdependence
• Transaction costs
• Regulatory
• Environmental

Source Mary Schlarb. Eco-Industrial
Development A Strategy for Building Sustainable
Communities, 2001
14
Conditions Favorable for EID

• Supply of by-products must meet demand (and vice
  versa)
• Form relationships based on connections or
  institutional framework to reduce transaction
  costs
• Proximity to compatible firms with stable supply
  and quality of byproducts
• Regulations that penalize waste and provide
  firms incentives to seek symbiotic relationships
  with other firms

Source Mary Schlarb. Eco-Industrial
Development A Strategy for Building Sustainable
Communities, 2001
15
Examples of Eco-Industrial Development

• Port of Cape Charles Sustainable Technologies
  Industrial Park, Virginia
• Green Institute, Minneapolis, MN
• Phillips Eco-Enterprise Center
• Londonderry Ecological Industrial Park

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By-Product Exchange
Scrap Wood
Sawdust
Furniture Factory
Particle Board Factory
Recycled Paper Manufacturer
WastePaper
Municipal Recovery Facility
Aquaculture
Biomass
Steam
Steam
Cogeneration Facility
Ethanol Production
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By-Product Exchange

• Ethanol
• By-Products
• Lignin
• Gypsum
• Yeast

Ethanol Plant
Potential Exchange Partners Wallboard
Manufacturer Animal Feed Manufacturer
Major Inputs
Agricultural residues or Wood wastes Sulfuric
Acid Steam
from a Cogeneration Facility