Comparison and contrast between Chinese culture and English culture

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Comparison and contrast between Chinese culture
and English culture
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Teaching Plan

• Teaching Contents
• 1. Definition of culture from different views
• 2. The relationship between language and culture
• 3. Cultural Correspondence (Cultural
  Similarities)
• 4. Cultural Non-correspondence (Cultural
  Inclusion, Cultural Parallel Cultural Conflict)
  
• 5. Cultural Zero (Cultural Vacancy / Gap)
• 6. Cultural Integration (Cultural Globalization)
• Teaching Aims
• To make students get the knowledge about culture
• To make students get the knowledge about the
  relationship between culture and language in
  different countries
• To make students get the knowledge about cultural
  similarities and differences between Chinese and
  English

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Teaching Plan

• Teaching Focus
• Definitions of culture from different views
• Relationship of culture and language
• Characteristics of Chinese culture
• Characteristics of English culture
• Teaching Methods
• teacher-oriented lecturing
• Discussion (group work, then class work)
• Teaching Approaches
• Multi-media aided.
• Teaching Procedures

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Cultural Comparisons Transformation (I)

• Translation is a cross-linguistic, cross-cultural
  and cross-social communication event.

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I. Language Culture

• 1. The definition of culture
• Culture ---- the deposit of knowledge,
  experience, beliefs, values, actions, attitudes,
  meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time,
  roles, spatial relations, concepts of the
  universe, and artifacts acquired by a group of
  people in the course of generations through
  individual and group striving. (Samovar, Porter
  Stefani)

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• In cultural anthropology, culture is normally
  regarded as comprising, with some
• slight variations, the following four subsystems
• (1) Techno-economic System (Ecology Material
  Culture)
• e.g. ecology ways of production, exchange, and
  distribution of goods crafts, technology, and
  science artifacts.
• (2) Social System (Social Culture)
• e.g. social classes and groups kinship system
  politics and the law education sports and
  entertainment customs general history.
• (3) Ideational System (Religious Culture)
• e.g. cosmology magic and witchcraft folklore
  artistic creations as images values (moral,
  aesthetic, etc.) cognitive focus and thinking
  patterns ideology.
• (4) Linguistic System (Linguistic Culture)
• e.g. phonology and graphemics grammar
  (morphology and syntax) semantics and pragmatics.

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I. Language Culture

• 2. The relationship between language and culture
• Language and culture are inextricably intertwined
  / intrinsically bound together.
• (1) Language is a part of culture.
• (2) Language is a manifestation of culture.
  (Culture manifests itself both in patterns of
  language and thought and in forms of activity and
  behavior.)
• (3) Language is the stimulus of culture (A
  flourished language can promote the development
  of culture.)

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II. Cultural Correspondence (Cultural
Similarities)

• 1) Pears are as sweet as dates are crisp.
• 2) Asharst's lips twitched. Garton seemed to him
  an ass just then.
• 3) The essence of pearl mixed with essence of men
  a curious dark residue was precipitated.
• 4) Histories make men wise poets witty the
  mathematics subtitle natural philosophy deep
  moral grave logic and rhetoric able to contend.
• 5) It was wonderful to see his face shinning at
  us out of a thin cloud of these delicate fumes,
  as he stirred, and mixed, and tasted, and looked
  as if he were making, instead of punch, a fortune
  for his family down to the latest posterity.
• 6) ???? / ???? / ???? / ???? / ??????
• 7) ????????????,?????????
• 8) ????,??????,?????????????
• 9) ???????,????????,????????????????????
• 10) ???,?!???,?!???,?!?????????????,??,??,???!

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Cultural Comparisons Transformation (II)
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I. Cultural Non-correspondence (Cultural
Inclusion, Cultural Parallel Cultural Conflict)

• 1) My grandfather is his cousin, so hes kith and
  kin to me somehow, if you can make that out, I
  cant.
• 2) Her mother is a real dragon. / She is a bit of
  a dragon around this place.
• 3) She has always been an idealist. So you can
  understand why she turned down
• a good job offer to work among refugee immigrants
  and low-income groups after she got her degree in
  social studies.

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• 4) I read some of my poetry aloud to them, but it
  was casting pearls before swine. They obviously
  didn't understand a word of it and soon started
  yawning, looking at their watches and fidgeting
  in their chairs.
• 5) The employers found that extreme sweating,
  like killing the goose that laid the golden eggs,
  was not the best way to make business pay.

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• 6) ???? / ?????? / ?? / ???? / ?????
• 7) ??????
• 8) ??????,????????,?????????????
• 9) ?????????,?????,???????!
• 10) ????,????? ???
• I am saddened by a myriad petty woes.
• And, though I speak not
• At the breezes from the east. (translated by
  Menry Mart)
• (Note The east wind is symbolic of spring, with
  its urge to love and mating)

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• Sweet and low, sweet and low, ???,???,???,???
• Winds of the Western sea, ??????
• Low, low, breath and blow, ???,?????
• Wind of the Western sea! ?????? (Alfred Tennyson)

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II. Cultural Zero (Cultural Vacancy / Gap)

• 1) The young girl thumbed her way to the passing
  car.
• 2) You should not be discouraged Mother said to
  us gently. We all shook our
• heads.
• 3) John can be relied on. He eats no fish and
  plays the game.
• 4) I've let the cat out of the bag already, Mr.
  Corthell, and I might as well tell you
• the whole thing now.
• 5) Next to health, heart, home, happiness for
  mobile Americans depends upon the automobile.

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• 6) ???????,???????,????????
• 7) ???????????,??????
• 8) ??????????,???????
• 9) ???????????????,??????,????????
• 10) ???????,????,????,?????

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Exercise

• ??????,??????,?????????????????????,??????????
  ?????????????????????????????,???????????

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Cultural Difference between English and Chinese

• Definition of culture
• ????????
• ??????
• ??????
• ?????????? ?
• ????
• ????

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Culture (1)

• The New World Encyclopedia
• "It is the totality of the spiritual,intellectual,
  and artistic attitudes shared by a
  group,including its tradition, habits, social
  customs,morals,laws,and social relations,
  Sociologically,every society,on every level, has
  its culturethe term has no implications of high
  development."

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Culture (2)

• "??????????????????????????????,??????,???????
  ?????,???????????"
• ??? ????????, 1984.1.????
• "???????????,????????????????????????,????????????
  ??????,??????????????,????????????????????????
  ?,???????????,??????????????????? ???

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Culture (3)

• Learning a language is a kind of learning the
  culture and habit of the country where the
  language is spoken.

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???? (1)

• ???? be as lean as a rake
• ???? to cast pearls before swine
• ?????a rolling stone gathers no mass
• ???????many hands make light work.
• ???????drawing water in a bamboo basket means
  drawing nothing.

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???? (2)

• Hoist your sail when the wind is fair.
• ?????
• Still waters run deep.????
• In a calm sea, every man is a pilot.????,????????
• A small leak will sink a great ship.?????????

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??????(1)

• You are a lucky dog.
• ????????
• Every dog has his day.
• ????????
• Old dog will not learn new tricks.
• ?????????
• sick as a dog
• dog-tired

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??????(2)

• ????
• ???????????
• ??????????????(born with a silver spoon in
  ones mouth)
• ???????????
• ????? ????
• ?????????
• ????????(to kill two birds with one stone)
• ??????????
• ???????????

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??????(1)

• Mr. White is a very white man.
• He was looking rather green the other day.
• He has been feeling blue today.
• When I saw him, he was in a brown mood.
• I hope he'll soon be in the pink again.

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??????(2)

• ?????,?????
• In the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is
  king.
• ???? like a duck to water
• ???? as plentiful as blackberries
• ???? at stones throw
• ???? to fish in the air
• ???? remain a dead letter
• ???? half-baked
• ???? as stupid as a goose

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??????(3)

• ???? dumb as an oyster
• ???? to spend money like water
• ???? drunk as a sailor
• ???? gild the lily
• ?????? like a cat on a hot tin roof
• ?????? as wet as a drowned rat
• ????? as thin as a shadow
• ?? talk horse
• ???? to tread upon eggs
• ???? diamond cut diamond
• ?????? cry up wine and sell vinegar

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???????????

• ?????????
• Red
• Green
• Yellow
• Blue
• White
• Black

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Red (1)

• ?? red flag
• ?? brown sugar
• ?? black tea
• ?? honor roll
• ?? love pea
• ?? good luck
• ?? dividend
• ?? wedding

• red wine ??
• red ruin ??
• red battle ??
• red sky ??

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Red (2)

• ????????,?????????
• Jiao Baoyu visits the Land of Illusion
• And the fairy Disenchantment performs the Dream
  of Golden Days.
• ????????,?????????
• Jia Baoyu tastes some superior tea at Green Bower
  Hermitage
• And Grannie Liu samples the sleeping
  accommodation at Green Delights.

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Green (1)

• ?????
• green with envy
• green as jealousy
• green-eyed monster

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Green (2)

• ???????????
• In American political elections the candidates
  that win are usually the ones who have green
  power backing them.
• ????????????????????????????

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Green (3)

• ??????????????
• The new typist is green at her job.
• ???????????
• You cannot expect Mary to do business with such
  people. She is only eighteen and as green as
  grass.
• ???????????????,??????,??????

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Yellow (1)

• ????????
• a yellow dog ????,????
• a yellow livered ???
• He is too yellow to stand up and fight.
• ????,???????

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Yellow (2)

• ????
• Yellow Pages ?? (?????,?????)
• Yellow Book ??? (??????????,??????)
• yellow boy (?)??

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Yellow (3)

• ????????????????
• pornographic(???)
• vulgar(?????)
• obscene(???)
• blue jokes(?????)
• blue films(????)

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Blue (1)

• ??????????????
• They felt rather blue after the failure in the
  football match.
• ?????,?????????
• She looks blue today. Whats the matter with
  her?
• She is in holiday blue.
• ?????????,???????
• ?????????

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Blue (2)

• ???????
• blue talk ?????
• blue video ????

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Blue (3)

• ?????????????,?blue blood(????)
• others
• out of blue ????
• once in a blue ????
• drink till alls blue ????

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White (1)

• ????white???????,?????????????
• a white lie ?????
• the white coffee ????
• white man ????,?????
• white-livered ???
• white elephant ???????

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White (2)

• ?????????????,??????white?????????????,?????????
  
• ??? plain boiled water
• ?? Chinese cabbage
• ?? wrongly written or mispronounced character
• ?? no use
• ??? all in vain

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Black (1)

• ???????
• black in the face ????
• to look black at someone ????

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Black (2)

• ?????
• ?? evil mind
• backstage manipulator??
• inside story??
• a sinister line black sheep ????
• black day ??
• black future ?????

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Others (1)

• ????
• to raise to the purple??????
• to be born in the purple ??????
• to marry into the purple ????????

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Others (2)

• ????
• blue-collar workers ????,????????
• grey-collar workers ????,????????
• white-collar workers ????,????????????????
• pink-collar workers ????,???????
• golden-collar personnel ????,?????????????????

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Others (3)

• ????
• red ink ??
• in the black ??
• white goods ????,??????????????????
• brown goods ????,?????????????????????

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????????(1)

• ????
• You must have had a tiring journey. You must be
  tired from a long trip?
• Well done! That was a hard job. Youve got a
  hard job.

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????????(2)

• ?? good- for-nothing
• ??? be unpopular
• ?????? land oneself in serious trouble
• ??? be unable to stand
• ??? be unable to bear or support
• ??? live off one's past gains
• ????? be open to persuasion but not to
  coercion
• ??? lead an idle life
• ?? be very popular
• He has taken the bread out of my mouth.
• ???????

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????

• ??
• ??
• ??

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??(1)

• Easy come, easy go.
• ????,???
• Strike while the iron is hot.
• ????
• Practice makes perfect.
• ????
• Example is better than precept.
• ??????

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??(2)

• All roads lead to Rome.
• ???????
• ????
• to offer fuel in snowy weather
• ????,????
• even the dog swaggers when its master win favor
• ???? ?????,?????
• Neither adjust your shoe in a melon patch,nor
  your hat under a plum tree?

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??(1)

• When in Rome,do as the Romans do.
• ???? ????,????
•  ????
• to expect ones son to become an outstanding
  personage
• a cat on hot bricks
• ??????
• ??????
• Something unexpected may happen any time.

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??(2)

• Achilles heel
• ????????
• ???????????
• The dog that will fetch a bone will carry a bone.
• ??????,?????????
• We still love each other very much ,but we fight
  like cat and dog.
• ???????,??????

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Cultural Comparisons Transformation (III)
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I. Cultural Integration (Cultural Globalization)

• Cultural integration is an inevitable and ongoing
  trend.
• (1) Culture is an open mechanism
• (2) Culture is a non-perpetual mechanism
• (3) Cultural acceleration. (economic
  globalization the information era)
• 1) sour grapes / a stick-and-carrot policy /
  ivory tower / black humor / soap opera/ ?? / ?? /
  ?? / ?? / ?? / ??? / ??? / ??

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• 2) While it may seem to be painting the lily, I
  should like to add somewhat to Mr. Alistmir
  Cookke's excellent article.
• 3) Leonard is no Luddite. He knows that the
  growing use of digital technology is good for the
  industry.
• 4) ????????,???????

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• 5) ????????,?????????????,???????,?????,??????????
  ?????????,????,???,?????
• ? Who on earth could tell how many families
  live there? Those who occupy two rooms are very
  few. Besides, guys keep moving in and out
  everyday. I haven't got such a good memory as to
  remember all this. People greeted each other with
  "Have you eaten?" to show their
  neighborlyfeelings. But if they don't, nobody
  would care.
• ? How many families live there, only God
  knows. Those who occupy two rooms are very few.
  Besides, they are always on the go. I haven't got
  such a good memory as to remember all this.
  People greeted each other with 'Hi' to show their
  neighborly feelings. But if they should cut each
  other dead, nobody would care.)

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Exercise

• ?????????????????????????????????????,?????????
  ??????,????????????,??????????????????????????
  ???????,?????????????????????????????,??????????
  ,?????????,???????????,???????????