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BIOME PROJECT THE DESERT

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World Distribution of Deserts. 30% of earths surface is Desert! ... The largest deserts are in the interiors of the continents far from moist air carried by the sea. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: BIOME PROJECT THE DESERT


1
BIOME PROJECTTHE DESERT
  • An Elliot-Asaf Production

2
What is a Desert?
  • A biome in which evaporation exceeds
    precipitation and the average amount of
    precipitation is less than 10inch per year.
  • Deserts have little vegetation or have widely
    spaced mostly low vegetation.
  • The desert exhibits extremes in temperature, the
    temp rises to sweltering levels during the day
    and reaches cold temps at night.

3
World Distribution of Deserts
  • 30 of earths surface is Desert! They are
    situated between tropical and subtropical regions
    north and south of the equator.
  • The largest deserts are in the interiors of the
    continents far from moist air carried by the sea.

4
Climatogram
  • The graph shows the average rainfall and
    temperature of the biome, per month
  • The graphs shows very high temperatures a very
    low levels of precipitation

5
Three Types of Desserts
6
Three types of Deserts
  • Tropical-ex Sahara, high temp, little rainfall
    (1-2months/year) sparse plant-life and rife with
    rocks.
  • Temperate Deserts-ex Mojave, daytime temps are
    high in summer and low in winter. More
    precipitation than tropical deserts. Sparse
    vegetation/ mostly shrubs and cacti and very
    little animal species.
  • Cold Deserts-Winters are cold, summers are
    warm/hot, and precipitation is low.

7
Plant and Animal species Food Web
8
How do plants survive in the desert
  • Barrel Cactus
  • Having no leaves
  • Storing water and synthesizing food in their
    expandable, fleshy tissue
  • Reducing water lass by opening their pores to
    take up CO2 (for photosynthesis) only at night
  • Apache Bloom
  • Wax coated leaves that minimize transpiration
  • Using deep roots to tap into groundwater
  • Octillo
  • Use widely spread shallow roots to colect water
    after brief showers and store it in their spongy
    tissue
  • Drop their leaves to survive in a dormant state
    during long drying spells

9
How do Plants Survive ?(cont)
  • Devils Claw-Become dormant during dry periods,
    uses deep roots to tap into ground water
  • Organ Pipe- Stores water within fleshy leaves.
    Stores biomass in seeds during day periods.

10
Common animals in desert!
  • Black-Collared Lizards
  • Coyote
  • Rattle-snakes
  • Scorpion
  • Cactus Wren

11
And dont forget The jabster
12
How Animals Survive?
  • Hiding in cool burrows or rocky crevices by day
    and coming out at night or in early morning.
  • All animals have physical adaptations to conserve
    water. Insects and reptiles have thick outer
    coverings to prevent water loss. There feces is
    dry in to conserve water.
  • The animals obtain water from the food they eat,
    many insects and small animals obtain water from
    dew that accumulates over night.
  • Most animals are dormant during the periods of
    extreme heat

13
Desert Soil
  • Very poorly developed
  • Large quantity of mineral particles.
  • Low amount of organic matter.-caused by low plant
    productivity. Which is intern caused by the arid
    climate.
  • The soil cannot retain a large amount of water.
    The high level of evaporation (due to heat)
    brings salt to surface which greatly impedes
    plant growth.

14
Common Abiotic Features
  • Temperature
  • Soil
  • Precipitation (lack of)
  • Topography

15
Ex of Symbiotic relationship (mutuality)
  • Between Yucca Moth and Yucca Plant
  • Yucca Moth pollinates the Yucca Plant and the
    Yucca Plant provides a safe haven for the moth to
    lay eggs.

16
Environmental Degradation Of desert Biome
  • Caused mainly by human cultivation of desert
    Biome
  • The already weak soil is being increasingly
    degraded by vehicles and urban development.
  • The desert is used to store radioactive waste and
    to test underground nuclear weapons. These cause
    the soil to become poisonous and kills many life
    forms that inhabit such areas within desert.
  • Humans are depleting the deserts underground
    water supply to support urban-desert cities, this
    takes away the necessary water needed for desert
    animals and plants to survive.

17
Human Impacts on Deserts
  • Large desert cities
  • Soil destruction by vehicles and urban
    development
  • Depletion of underground water supplies
  • Land Disturbance and pollution from mineral
    extraction
  • Storage of Toxic and Radio-active waste
  • Large arrays of solar cells and solar collectors
    used to produce electricity
  • Deserts require an extensive period of time to
    recover due to their slow plant growth, low
    species diversity, slow nutrients cycling, and
    water shortages.

18
Sources
  • www.blueplanetbiomes.org/desert.htm
  • www.wikipedia.com/desert/biome/.htm
  • www.desertusa.com/animals.html
  • Miller, Arthur. Living in The Environment
  • www.livingdesert.org/
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