Metabolic Disorders Related to Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Metabolic Disorders Related to Carbohydrate
Metabolism
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Metabolic Disorders Related to Carbohydrate
Metabolism

• Acidosis
• Laminitis (founder)
• Liver abscesses
• Diabetes

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Acidosis in Ruminants

• Decreased pH of body fluids

Lactic acid production
CHO supply
Rumen pH
Systemic acidosis
Rumenitis
Laminitis
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Laminitis

• Lameness due to lactic acidosis
• Chronic inflammation of hoof
• Abnormal growth
• Inadequate perfusion of laminae
• Degeneration of bond between hoof and bone

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Liver Abscesses
High Grain Diet
Rumen
Portal blood
Liver
Acidosis Rumenitis Bacteria
Liver abscesses
Rumen bacteria
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Diabetes

• Diabetes insipidus
• Diabetes mellitus

• Excessive urination, water loss
• Due to shortage of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
• ADH causes H2O reabsorption in the kidney
• Lack of insulin or lack of insulin response
• Blood glucose is not metabolized or utilized
• Loss of glucose in urine
• Ketosis can occur, shift from CHO to fat
  metabolism

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Diabetes

• Type I
• Type II
• Gestational

• Pancreas islet cells destroyed
• Decreased production of insulin
• Non-insulin dependent
• Insulin receptors less functional
• Occurs in pregnant woman

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Glucose in Cats

• True carnivore
• VERY little carbohydrate in normal diet
• Must rely on gluconeogenesis
• No VFAs like herbivores
• Rely on amino acids as source of carbon