Lifting Operations & Lifting Appliances

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Lifting Operations Lifting Appliances
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LOLER 98

• Lifting appliances must be of adequate strength
  stability, as must the load itself
• Lifting appliances used for lifting people must
  be designed to prevent falls, crushing, trapping
  or striking
• Equipment must be positioned and installed to
  prevent load drifting, free-falling or
  unintentional release from causing injury
• SWL and other necessary safe use information
  marked on the equipment

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LOLER 98

• Lifting operations must be properly planned,
  organised, supervised and carried out safely
• Equipment must be thoroughly examined after
  installation and prior to service. Equipment for
  lifting people must be examined and tested every
  6 months other equipment every 12 months
• Any defects must be reported to employer, with
  particulars as specified in Schedule 1 to the
  Regs. If defects are found, equipment must not be
  used until they are remedied
• Records must be kept

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Cranes

• Types
• Tower Crane
• Mobile Crane
• Derrick Cranes
• Gantry Cranes
• Overhead Cranes

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Cranes

• Safety Devices
• SWL/Radius Indicator
• Automatic Safe Load Indicator

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Factors to Consider when Selecting a Crane

• Weight dimension of loads
• Height of lifts and distances/areas of movement
  of loads
• Number and frequency of lifts
• Duration of operations
• Site ground conditions
• Space available for crane access, erection,
  operation dismantling

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Platform Hoists

• There are 2 main types
• Cantilever type
• Enclosed structure type

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Lifting Appliances

• Jacks
• Screw Jacks
• Ratchet Jacks
• Hydraulic
• Winches

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Lifting Accessories

• Ropes
• Block Tackle
• Chains
• Eyebolts

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Safe Use of Ropes Wires

• Must be in good condition before use I.e. not
  frayed or corroded
• Ropes wires must be protected from sharp edges
  of load by use of packing
• No knots or hitches in slings or lifting ropes
• Never drag ropes or wires over the ground
• When using more than one sling, ensure they are
  of the same material

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Safe Use of Chains

• Never use chains with links locked or stretched
• Never hammer distorted links into position
• Never use corroded or worn chains
• Do not drag a chain from under a load
• Do not drop chains from height
• Do not use a chain over sharp corners without
  padding
• Chain life is increased by lubrication

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Safe Use of Lifting Accessories

• Never use hooks if there is any distortion or
  cracks
• Rings and shackles must be checked to see they
  are not distorted or cracked

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Storage of Ropes, Wires, Chains Lifting
Accessories

• Trained and competent stores
• Stores must be dry, well ventilated and free from
  corrosion
• Ropes must be stored away from sunlight and
  heaters
• Stored material should have a systematic layout

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Storage of Ropes, Wires, Chains Lifting
Accessories

• Store should have area where simple maintenance
  can be carried out
• Store should be secure
• An are where paperwork can be carried out should
  be provided

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Lifting Operations

• Site Conditions
• Access/egress routes
• Inclines/gradients
• Location of adjacent buildings
• Location of overhead lines
• Ground firm enough to support crane and
  outriggers
• No voids exist e.g. manholes, drains etc.

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Lifting Operations

• Planning the lift
• Correct crane
• Space for access, egress and movement
• Suitable ground conditions
• Crane is level
• Underground services are protected
• No overhead or side obstructions
• Overhead power lines are isolated

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Lifting Operations

• Planning the lift
• Area around lift is demarcated
• Load is within SWL of crane
• Location of lifting points ensure load is level
• Lifting points are strong enough to take the load
• There are no persons under the load AT ANY TIME

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Lifting Operations

• Planning the lift
• Crane driver is given clear instruction by
  slinger/signaler, either by hand signals or radio
• All involved understand their role and are
  competent to undertake it
• All checks on crane and operator documentation
  are made
• Safety helmets are required to be worn by all
  staff are in vicinity
• Competent supervision

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Lifting Operations

• Inspection
• Cranes must have an examination test loading
  every 4 years
• A thorough examination is required every 12
  months and an inspection and a test of the safe
  load indicator should be undertaken each week
• Inspections must be recorded